مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
قوله (تعالى): ﴿في يتامى النساء اللاتي لا تؤتونهن ما كتب لهن﴾
The verse: "Concerning orphan women to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them"
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١٨٣٠٠ - حدثنا أبو بكر قال: (حدثنا) (١) أبو أسامة عن ابن عون عن محمد قال: سألت عبيدة عن قوله: ﴿فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ﴾ [النساء: ١٢٧]، قال: ترغبون فيهن.
Muhammad (bin Sirin) (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Abidah about the explanation of the verse of the Qur'an: "concerning the orphan women to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them and whom you desire to marry" [Al-Nisa: 127]. He said: It refers to those women whom you desire.
١٨٣٠١ - حدثنا أبو أسامة عن ابن عون عن الحسن قال: قال: في هذه ترغبون عنهن.
Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning the verse of the Qur'an "concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and whom you are disinclined to marry" that it refers to the women from whom you turn away.
١٨٣٠٢ - حدثنا عبدة عن هشام عن أبيه عن عائشة في قوله: ﴿وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ﴾، قال: أنزلت في اليتيمة تكون عند الرجل (فتشركه) (١) في ماله (فيرغب) (٢) (عن) (٣) (أن) (٤) يتزوجها، ويكره أن يتزوجها غيره (فيشركه) (٥) في ماله فيعطلها فلا يتزوجها ولا يزوجها غيره (٦).
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said in the commentary on the verse of the Qur'an "concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and whom you are disinclined to marry": This verse was revealed about an orphan girl who was in a man's care and was a partner in his wealth. The man was disinclined to marry her, and he also disliked that anyone else should marry her and share in his wealth; so he kept her deprived of marriage, neither marrying her himself nor letting anyone else marry her.
١٨٣٠٣ - حدثنا (جرير عن مغيرة عن إبراهيم) (١) عن عمر قال: من كانت عنده في حجره (تركة) (٢) بها (عوار) (٣) فليضمها إليه، وإن (كانت) (٤) (رغبة) (٥) به (فليزوجها) (٦) (غيره) (٧) (٨).
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whoever has an orphan girl in his care who has some defect should marry her himself; and if he is disinclined to marry her, he should have her married to someone else.
١٨٣٠٤ - حدثنا عبيد اللَّه (عن) (١) إسرائيل عن أبي إسحاق عن أبي سلمة: (وترغبون أن تنكحوهن) قال: المرأة (يكون) (٢) بها (عرج) (٣) أو (عور) (٤) فلا (يُنكحونها) (٥) حتى (يرثوها) (٦).
Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the commentary on the verse of the Qur'an "concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and whom you are disinclined to marry": It refers to a woman who has a physical defect, such as lameness or blindness in one eye; they would not give her in marriage until they had inherited from her.
١٨٣٠٥ - حدثنا معاوية بن هشام عن عمار عن عطاء عن سعيد بن جبير: ﴿وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ﴾، قال: ما يتلى عليكم في أول السورة من المواريث، وكانوا لا يورثون امرأة ولا صبيًا حتى (يحتلم) (١).
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the commentary on the verse of the Qur'an "concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and whom you are disinclined to marry": It refers to the rulings of inheritance that are stated at the beginning of the surah. People used not to give inheritance to a woman or to a child who had not reached puberty.
١٨٣٠٦ - حدثنا عبيد اللَّه عن إسرائيل عن السدي عن أبي مالك في (قول اللَّه) (١): ﴿وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ﴾، فقال: كانت المرأة إذا كانت عند ولي رغب عن حسبها (أو) (٢) حسنها -شك أبو بكر- (لم يتزوجها) (٣) ولم يترك أحدًا يتزوجها ﴿وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْوِلْدَانِ وَأَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَى بِالْقِسْطِ﴾، قال: كانوا لا (يورثون) (٤) إلا الأكبر فالأكبر.
Abu Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the commentary on the verse of the Qur'an "concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, and whom you are disinclined to marry": When a woman was in the care of a guardian, he, turning away from her lineage or her beauty (Abu Bakr was unsure which), would neither marry her himself nor let her marry anyone else. And concerning this verse of the Qur'an, "and the oppressed among the children, and that you stand firm for the orphans with justice", he said: People used to give inheritance only to the eldest, and then the next eldest.
