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مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب المغازي
Book of Military Campaigns
ما قالوا: في مهاجر النبي ﷺ وأبي بكر وقدوم من قدم
Reports on the emigration of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and the arrival of those who came
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 39372 — Reports on the emigration
٣٩٣٧٢ - حدثنا أسود بن عامر قال: حدثنا حماد بن سلمة عن علي بن زيد عن الحسن (أن) (١) سراقة بن مالك (المدلجي) (٢) حدثهم أن قريشا جعلت في رسول اللَّه ﷺ وأبي بكر أربعين أوقية، قال: فبينما أنا جالس إذ جاءني رجل فقال: إن الرجلين اللذين جعلت ((قريش) (٣) فيهما) (٤) ما جعلتْ قريبٌ منك؛ بمكان كذا وكذا، فأتيت فرسي وهو في (الرعي) (٥) فنفرت به ثم أخذت رمحي، قال: فركبته، قال: فجعلت أجر الرمح مخافة أن يشركني فيهما أهل الماء قال: فلما رأيتهما قال أبو بكر: هذا باغ ⦗٤٠٤⦘ يبغينا، فالتفت إلي النبي ﷺ فقال: "اللهم اكفناه بما شئت"، قال: قال (فوحل) (٦) فرسي وإني لفي جلد من الأرض، فوقعت على حجر (فانقلبت) (٧)، فقلت: ادع الذي فعل بفرسي ما أرى أن (يخلصه) (٨)، وعاهده أن لا يعصيه، قال: فدعا له، فخُلّص الفرس، فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ: " (أواهبه) (٩) أنت لي؟ " فقلت: نعم، فقال: (فهاهنا) (١٠) قال (١١): (فعمّ) (١٢) عنا الناس، وأخذ رسول اللَّه ﷺ طريق الساحل مما يلي البحر، قال: فكنت أول النهار لهم طالبا وآخر النهار لهم مسلحة، وقال لي: "إذا استقررنا بالمدينة فإن رأيت أن تأتينا فأتنا"، قال: فلما قدم المدينة وظهر على أهل بدر وأحد وأسلم الناس ومن حولهم، قال (سراقة) (١٣): بلغني (أنه) (١٤) يريد أن يبعث خالد بن الوليد إلى بني مدلج، قال: فأتيته فقلت له: أنشدك النعمة، فقال القوم: مه، فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ: "دعوه"، فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ: "ما تريد؟ " فقلت: بلغني أنك تريد أن تبعث خالد بن الوليد إلى قومي، فأنا أحب أن توادعهم، فإن أسلم قومهم أسلموا معهم، وإن لم يسلموا لم تخشن صدور قومهم عليهم، فأخذ رسول اللَّه ﷺ بيد خالد بن الوليد فقال له: "اذهب معه فاصنع ما أراد"، فذهب إلى بني مدلج، فأخذوا عليهم أن لا يعينوا على رسول اللَّه ﷺ، فإن أسلمت قريش أسلموا معهم فأنزل اللَّه: ﴿وَدُّوا ⦗٤٠٥⦘ لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ (كَمَا كَفَرُوا) (١٥)﴾ حتى بلغ: ﴿إِلَّا الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَى قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ أَوْ جَاءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَاتِلُوا قَوْمَهُمْ (١٦) وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَاتَلُوكُمْ﴾ [النساء: ٨٩، ٩٠] (١٧).
It is narrated from al-Hasan that Sayyiduna Suraqah bin Malik al-Mudliji (may Allah be pleased with him) told the people that Quraysh had set forty uqiyahs on the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I was sitting when a man came to me and said: The two men about whom Quraysh have made their announcement (of a reward) are near you, at such-and-such a place. He said: I came to my horse while it was grazing. I ran with it, then I took my spear. He said: I mounted it. And I began to drag the spear, out of fear that the people of the water might join me in the matter of these two. He said: When I caught sight of the two of them, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr said: This is a pursuer seeking us. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards me and said: O Allah, suffice us against him however You will. Suraqah said: My horse sank into the ground even though I was on hard ground. I fell onto a stone and rolled over, and I said: Pray to the One who did to my horse what I see, that He may bring it out from here. And he pledged to him not to disobey him. He said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for Suraqah and the horse came out. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Are you giving this to me as a gift? I said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then remain right here. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Keep our situation hidden from the people. 2. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the coastal route alongside the sea. He said: At the start of the day I was their pursuer, and at the end of the day I was their guard. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: When we have settled in Madinah, then if you see fit, come to us. Suraqah said: Then when he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gained victory over the people of Badr and the people of Uhud, and the people and those around him (peace and blessings be upon him) accepted Islam, Suraqah said: It reached me that he (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to send Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) to Banu Mudlij. He said: I came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said to him (peace and blessings be upon him): I remind you of the favour (you promised). The people began to say: Stop! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Leave him. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What do you want? I said: It has reached me that you intend to send Khalid bin al-Walid to my people, and I would love for you to make a covenant with them. Then if their people believe, they too will believe; and if their people do not believe, the hearts of their people will not be hardened against them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took the hand of Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid and said to him: Go with him and deal in the way he wishes. 3. So Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid went to Banu Mudlij and took a pledge from them that they would not help against him (peace and blessings be upon him), and that if Quraysh accepted Islam, they too would accept Islam with them. (Upon this) Allah Almighty revealed these verses: "They wish that you would disbelieve as they have disbelieved," up to: "except those who join a people between whom and you there is a treaty, or who come to you with their hearts constrained from fighting you or fighting their own people. And had Allah willed, He would have given them power over you, and they would have fought you." [Surah al-Nisa: 89-90]
