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مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب السير
Book of Military Conduct
فيما يمتنع به من (القتل) وما هو؟ وما يحقن الدم؟
What protects one from being killed, what it is, and what safeguards blood
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 35316 — What protects one from being killed
٣٥٣١٦ - حدثنا وكيع قال: ثنا سفيان عن حبيب بن أبي عمرة عن سعيد بن جبير قال: خرج المقداد بن الأسود في سرية (قال) (١): فمروا برجل في غنيمة له فارادوا قتله، فقال: لا إله إلا اللَّه، فقتله (مقداد) (٢)، فقيل له: قتلته وهو يقول: لا إله إلا اللَّه، فقال المقداد: ود لو فر بأهله وماله، قال: فلما قدموا ذكروا ذلك للنبي ﷺ: فنزلت: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُوا وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا تَبْتَغُونَ عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا﴾، قال: الغنيمة ﴿فَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٌ كَذَلِكَ كُنْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ﴾، قال: تكتمون إيمانكم من المشركين، ﴿فَمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ﴾ (فأظهر) (٣) الإسلام، ﴿فَتَبَيَّنُوا﴾، وعيد اللَّه، ﴿(إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ)) (٤) (٥) بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ (خَبِيرًا) (٦)﴾ (٧) [النساء: ٩٤]
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna al-Miqdad bin al-Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) went out with a detachment. They passed by a man who was with a few sheep and goats of his. They wanted to kill him, so the man recited La ilaha illa Allah (there is none worthy of worship but Allah). Even so, Sayyiduna al-Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) killed him. He was asked: "You killed him while he was reciting La ilaha illa Allah?" Sayyiduna al-Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) replied that he wanted to flee with his family and his wealth. When these people returned, they mentioned this to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and this verse was revealed: "O you who believe! When you go out in the way of Allah for jihad, investigate well, and do not say to one who greets you with peace, 'You are not a believer.' Do you seek the goods of the life of this world? (The life of this world here means the flock of sheep and goats.) With Allah there are abundant spoils. You were like this before Islam (that is, you used to conceal your faith from the polytheists), then Allah bestowed His favour upon you (that is, He made Islam prevail), so investigate well. (This is a warning from Allah:) Indeed Allah is fully aware of whatever you do." [An-Nisa: 94]
