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مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب الديات
Book of Blood Money
قوله (تعالى): ﴿وإن كان من قوم بينكم وبينهم ميثاق﴾
On the words of Allah: "And if he is from a people between whom and you there is a treaty"
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 29852 — On the words of Allah: "And if he
٢٩٨٥٢ - حدثنا أبو بكر قال: حدثنا (معاوية) (١) بن هشام قال: حدثنا عمار ابن (رزيق) (٢) عن عطاء بن السائب عن أبي يحيى عن ابن عباس ﴿فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ﴾ قال: كان الرجل يأتي النبي ﵇ (٣) فيسلم، ثم يرجع إلى قومه فيكون فيهم وهم مشركون، فيصيبه المسلمون خطأ في سرية أو غزاة، فيعتق الذي يصيبه رقبة ﴿وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ﴾ قال: هو الرجل يكون معاهدا -ويكون قومه أهل عهد- فيسلم إليهم الدية، ويعتق الذي أصابه رقبة (٤).
Abu Yahya said that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), regarding the verse: "But if he is from a people hostile to you and he is a believer, then the freeing of a believing slave", said: "A man used to come to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); he accepted Islam and went back to his people. He was among his people, and his people were polytheists, when the Muslims killed him by mistake in a raiding party or a battle, so the one who struck him freed a slave." And regarding the verse: "And if he is from a people between whom and you there is a covenant", he said: "That man was an ally, and his people had a covenant; the blood money (diyah) was paid to them, and the one who struck him freed a slave."
