المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
مسند النساء
The Female Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
سودة بنت زمعة رضي الله عنها
Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her)
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ الْحَلَبِيُّ، ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي مَنِيعٍ الرُّصَافِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: «سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدِّ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حَسَلِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ زَوْجُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتِ خُوَيْلِدٍ بِمَكَّةَ»
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sawdah bint Zam'ah bin Qays bin Abd Shams bin Abd Wudd bin Nasr bin Malik bin Hisl bin Amir bin Lu'ayy bin Ghalib bin Fihr (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married her in Makkah after Sayyidah Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her).
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ الْأَخْمِيمِيُّ الْمِصْرِيُّ، ثنا عَمِّي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ «تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَهُ تَحْتَ السَّكْرَانِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ»
Abu Umamah bin Sahl bin Hunayf narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Sahl bin Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him): Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her), and before him she had been married to al-Sakran bin Amr, a man of Banu Amir bin Lu'ayy.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدُوسِ بْنِ كَامِلٍ السِّرَاجُ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ خَدِيجَةُ قَالَتْ خَوْلَةُ بِنْتُ حَكِيمِ بْنِ الْأَوْقَصِ امْرَأَةُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ، وَذَلِكَ بِمَكَّةَ: أَيْ رَسُولَ اللهِ أَلَا تَزَوَّجُ؟ قَالَ: «مَنْ؟» قَالَتْ: إِنْ شِئْتَ بِكْرًا وَإِنْ شِئْتَ ثَيِّبًا، قَالَ: «وَمَنِ الثَّيِّبُ؟» قَالَتْ: سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ، قَدْ آمَنَتْ بِكَ وَاتَّبَعَتْكَ عَلَى مَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: «فَاذْهَبِي فَاذْكُرِيهَا عَلَيَّ» فَخَرَجْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى سَوْدَةَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا سَوْدَةُ مَاذَا أَدْخَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ؟ قَالَتْ: وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قَالَتْ أَرْسَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْطُبُكِ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَتْ: وَدِدْتُ فَادْخُلِي عَلَى أَبِي وَاذْكُرِي ذَلِكَ لَهُ، قُلْتُ: وَهُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَقَدْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنِ الْحَجِّ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَحَيَّيْتُهُ بِتَحِيَّةِ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ: إِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَرْسَلَنِي أَخْطَبُ عَلَيْهِ سَوْدَةَ، فَقَالَ: كُفُؤٌ كَرِيمٌ، فَمَاذَا تَقُولُ صَاحِبَتُكِ؟ قَالَتْ: تُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: فادْعِيهَا إِلَيَّ، فَدَعَوْتُهَا، فَقَالَ: أَيْ سَوْدَةُ رَفَعَتْ هَذِهِ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَخْطُبُكِ وَهُوَ كُفُؤٌ كَرِيمٌ، أَفَتُحِبِّينَ أَنْ أُزَوِّجَهُ؟ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَادْعِيهِ لِي فَدَعَوْتُهُ فَجَاءَ فَزَوَّجَهَا، فَجَاءَ أَخُوهَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ مِنَ الْحَجِّ، فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو فِي رَأْسِهِ التُّرَابَ فَقَالَ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَسْلَمَ: إِنِّي لَسَفِيهٌ يَوْمَ أَحْثُو فِي رَأْسِي التُّرَابَ أَنْ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: When Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) passed away, Khawlah bint Hakim bin al-Awqas, the wife of Uthman bin Maz'un (may Allah be pleased with him), said, and this was in Makkah: O Messenger of Allah! Will you not marry? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whom?" She said: If you wish, a virgin, and if you wish, a previously married woman. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And who is the previously married woman?" She said: Sawdah bint Zam'ah; she has believed in you and followed you in the religion you are upon. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go and mention me to her for marriage." So I went out and visited Sawdah and said: O Sawdah! What goodness and blessing Allah has brought upon you! She asked: And what is that? I said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent me to propose marriage to you on his behalf. She said: I would like that, so go to my father and mention it to him. I said: And he was a very old man who had stayed behind from the Hajj. So I went to him and greeted him with the greeting of the people of Jahiliyyah, then said: Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abd al-Muttalib has sent me to you to propose marriage to Sawdah. He said: A noble match! What does your friend say? I said: She would like it. He said: Then call her to me, so I called her. He said: O Sawdah! This woman has told me that Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abd al-Muttalib is proposing to you, and he is a noble match. Would you like me to marry you to him? She said: Yes. He said: Then call him to me, so I called him, and he came, and he married her to him. Then her brother Abdullah bin Zam'ah came back from the Hajj and began pouring dust on his head. After he accepted Islam, he said: How foolish I was on the day I poured dust on my head because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sawdah bint Zam'ah.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْقَرَاطِيسِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ شَاهِينٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ السَّدُوسِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو بِلَالٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، قَالُوا: ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: " مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَنَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ فِي الْقَسْمِ، وَكَانَ قَلَّ يَوْمٌ إِلَّا وَهُوَ يُطِيفُ بِنَا وَيَدْنُو مِنْ كُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسِيسٍ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى الَّتِي هُوَ يَوْمُهَا فَيَبِيتُ عِنْدَهَا، فَلَقَدْ قَالَتْ لَهُ سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ وَكَانَتْ قَدْ يَئِسَتْ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَوْمِي مِنْكَ وَنَصِيبِي لِعَائِشَةَ فَقَبِلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا "، فَفِيهَا نَزَلَتْ: {وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يُصْلِحَا بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحًا} [النساء: ١٢٨]
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not favour any of us over another in dividing his turns, and there was hardly a day on which he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not go round to all of us and come close to each woman among us, without intimacy, until he reached the one whose day it was, and he would spend the night with her. And Sawdah bint Zam'ah, who had reached old age, when he (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to part from her, said: My day with you and my share are for Aishah, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) accepted that from her." So it was concerning her that this verse was revealed: "And if a woman fears ill-conduct or turning away from her husband, there is no sin on them both if they make a settlement between themselves." [Surah al-Nisa: 128]
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، وَأَبُو مُسْلِمٍ الْكَشِّيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الْمِنْهَالِ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، " أَنَّ سَوْدَةَ جَعَلَتْ يَوْمَهَا لِعَائِشَةَ، وَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي لَا أُرِيدُ مَا تُرِيدُ النِّسَاءُ "
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) gave her turn to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and said: O Messenger of Allah! I do not want what other women want.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، «أَنَّ سَوْدَةَ وَهَبَتْ يَوْمَهَا لِعَائِشَةَ فَكَانَ يَقْسِمُ لِعَائِشَةَ بِيَوْمِهَا وَيَوْمِ سَوْدَةَ»
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) gifted her turn to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), so he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to allot to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) both her own turn and the turn of Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her).
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ غَنَّامٍ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: «لَمَّا كَبُرَتْ سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ فَوَهَبَتْ يَوْمَهَا لِعَائِشَةَ، فَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْسِمُ لِعَائِشَةَ يَوْمَ سَوْدَةَ»
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "When Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her) grew old, she gifted her turn to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to allot Sawdah's turn to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) as well."
حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْمُقَدَّمِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: " خَشِيتْ سَوْدَةُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمْسِكْنِي وَلَا تُطَلِّقْنِي، وَاجْعَلْ يَوْمِي لِعَائِشَةَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {فَلَا جُنَاحَ} [النساء: ١٢٨] عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يُصْلِحَا بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحًا وَالصُّلْحُ خَيْرٌ، فَمَا اصْطَلَحَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ "
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) feared that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would divorce her, so she said: O Messenger of Allah! Keep me and do not divorce me, and give my turn to Aishah. So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: "There is no sin on them both" if they make a settlement between themselves, and settlement is better; and whatever they settle upon is permissible.
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّبَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَابِطٍ، قَالَ: " أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِرَاقَ سَوْدَةَ فَدَعَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ لِيُشْهِدْهُما عَلَى طَلَاقِهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، مَا بِي رَغْبَةٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا لَأُحْشَرَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي أَزْوَاجَكَ، فَيَكُونَ لِي مِنَ الثَّوَابِ مَا لَهُنَّ "
Abd al-Rahman bin Sabit said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to part from Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her), so he called Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) to make them witnesses to her divorce. She said: O Messenger of Allah! I have no desire in this world except that I be counted among your wives on the Day of Resurrection, so that I may have the same reward as they have.
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ، عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ، أَوْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ، «شَكَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ طَلَّقَ سَوْدَةَ تَطْلِيقَةً، فَجَلَسَتْ فِي طَرِيقِهِ، فَلَمَّا مَرَّ سَأَلَتْهُ الرَّجْعَةَ وَأَنْ تَهَبَ قَسَمَهَا مِنْهُ لِأَيِّ أَزْوَاجِهِ شَاءَ، رَجَاءَ أَنْ تُبْعَثَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ زَوْجَتُهُ، فَرَاجَعَهَا وَقَبِلَ ذَلِكَ»
Al-Haytham or Abu al-Haytham (may Allah have mercy on him) (the narrator Abu Bakr was in doubt about this) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) one divorce. So she sat in his (peace and blessings be upon him) path, and when he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by, she asked him to take her back, and offered to give her turn to whichever of his wives he wished, hoping to be raised on the Day of Resurrection as his (peace and blessings be upon him) wife. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) took her back and accepted that.
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ غَنَّامٍ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: «كَانَتْ سَوْدَةُ امْرَأَةً جَسِيمَةً يُفْزِعُ النَّاسَ جِسْمُهَا»
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) was a woman of large build; her body would startle people."
