المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
مسند النساء
The Female Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
باب تأويل قول الله والذي تولى كبره الآية
Interpretation of the words of Allah: "And he who took upon himself the greater part of it" (the verse)
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حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَى، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ وَعِنْدَهَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ يُنْشِدُهَا شِعْرًا لِأَبْيَاتٍ: حَصَانٌ رَزَانٌ مَا تُزَنُّ بِرِيبَةٍ وَتُصْبِحُ غَرْثَى مِنْ لُحُومِ الْغَوَافِلِ فَقَالَ لَهَا: تَدَعِينَ هَذَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْكِ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ؟، قَالَتْ: «فَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ»
Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: He went in to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and Hassan bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) was with her, reciting this verse of poetry to her: "She is chaste and dignified, no suspicion is ever cast upon her, and she stays hungry of the flesh (backbiting) of unsuspecting women." Masruq said to her: Do you let him come in to you, when he is one of those who took upon themselves the greater part of this slander? She said: "I have not seen him afflicted with a great punishment."
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْأَعْمَشِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الضُّحَى، يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ وَعِنْدَهَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ يُنْشِدُهَا شِعْرًا يُشَبِّبُ بِأَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ: حَصَانٌ رَزَانٌ مَا تُزَنُّ بِرِيبَةٍ وَتُصْبِحُ غَرْثَى مِنْ لُحُومِ الْغَوَافِلِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ عَائِشَةُ: «لَسْتَ كَذَلِكَ» ، قَالَ مَسْرُوقٌ: فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: أَتَأْذَنِينَ لَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَيْكِ وَقَدْ قَالَ اللهُ {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] ؟، فَقَالَتْ: «وَأَيُّ عَذَابٍ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْعَمَى؟» ، فَقَالَتْ: «إِنَّهُ يُنَافِحُ - أَوْ يُهَاجِمُ - عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ»
Masruq relates: I went in to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and Hassan bin Thabit was with her reciting his poetry, one verse of which was: "She is chaste and dignified, no suspicion is ever cast upon her, and she stays hungry of the flesh of unsuspecting women." Sayyidah Aishah said to him: You are not like that. Masruq said: I asked her: Do you permit him to come in to you, when Allah has said: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]? She said: What punishment is greater than blindness? And she said: He used to defend the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَالِمٍ الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، ثنا عَبِيدَةُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وَحَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ صُبَيْحٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: حَصَانٌ رَزَانٌ مَا تُزَنُّ بِرِيبَةٍ وَتُصْبِحُ غَرْثَى مِنْ لُحُومِ الْغَوَافِلِ فَقِيلَ لَهَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلَيْسَ اللهُ يَقُولُ: {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] ؟، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: «أَوَ مَا تَرَاهُ فِي عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٍ؟ وَلَقَدْ كَانَ حَسَّانُ أُصِيبَ بَصَرُهُ»
Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Hassan bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) came in to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), reciting this verse: "She is chaste and dignified, no suspicion is ever cast upon her, and she stays hungry of the flesh (backbiting) of unsuspecting women." It was said to her: O Mother of the Believers, does Allah Almighty not say: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]? Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Do you not see him afflicted with a great punishment? Hassan had lost his sight."
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ التُّسْتَرِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ صُبَيْحٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: «كَانَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ مِمَّنْ تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ» ، فَقِيلَ لَهَا تُدْخِلِينَ هَذَا عَلَيْكِ وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ قَالَ: اللهُ {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] ؟، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: «أَوَ لَيْسَ هُوَ فِي عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٍ؟، هُوَ ذَا قَدْ ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ»
Masruq narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: Hassan bin Thabit too was among those who took upon themselves the greater part of it (the accusation). It was said to her: Do you let him come in to you, when Allah has said: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]? Sayyidah Aishah said: Is he not in a great punishment? Look, his sight has gone.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الصَّائِغُ الْمَكِّيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ صُبَيْحٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ بَعْدَمَا كُفَّ بَصَرُهُ، فَقِيلَ لَهَا: أَتُدْخِلِينَ عَلَيْكِ هَذَا الَّذِي، قَالَ اللهُ « {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ} » - فِي قِرَاءَةِ عَبْدِ اللهِ - فَقَالَتْ: «أَوَلَيْسَ فِي عَذَابٍ؟ قَدْ كُفَّ بَصَرُهُ» ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَدَهَا بَيْتًا قَالَهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ: حَصَانٌ رَزَانٌ مَا تُزَنُّ بِرِيبَةٍ وَتُصْبِحُ غَرْثَى مِنْ لُحُومِ الْغَوَافِلِ "
Masruq relates: Hassan bin Thabit came in to Sayyidah Aishah after he had lost his sight. It was said to her: Do you let this man come in to you, about whom Allah said: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a painful punishment" — in the reading of Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) — Sayyidah Aishah said: Is he not in punishment? His sight has gone. Then Hassan recited to her the verse he had composed in his (defending) ode: "She is chaste and dignified, no suspicion is ever cast upon her, and she stays hungry of the flesh of unsuspecting women."
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: " {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ} [النور: ١١] عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ "
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it" [Surah An-Nur: 11] refers to Abdullah bin Ubayy.
حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْغَنِيِّ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الصَّنْعَانِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَعَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ} [النور: ١١] : «يُرِيدُ إِشَاعَتَهُ وَإِذَاعَتَهُ» ، {مِنْهُمْ} [النور: ١١] «يُرِيدُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ» ، {لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] «يُرِيدُ فِي الدُّنْيَا الْجَلْدُ، جَلَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَمَانِينَ، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ مَصِيرُهُ إِلَى النَّارِ»
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "And the one who took upon himself the greater part of it" [Surah An-Nur: 11]: meaning spreading it and making it public. "From among them" [Surah An-Nur: 11]: meaning Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul. "Will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]: meaning in this world the punishment of lashes — the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him eighty lashes — and in the Hereafter his abode is Hell.
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا عَارِمٌ أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ التُّسْتَرِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، قَالَ: " {الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ} [النور: ١١] عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ، وَمِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ، وَحَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ، وَحَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ، وَكَانَ أَكْثَرُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ "
Hisham bin Urwah said: "The one who took upon himself the greater part of it" [Surah An-Nur: 11] refers to Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul, Mistah bin Uthathah, Hassan bin Thabit and Hamnah bint Jahsh, and most of it came from Abdullah bin Ubayy.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] ، قَالَ: «عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ»
Mujahid said concerning this verse: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]: This is Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul.
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي الطَّاهِرِ بْنِ السَّرْحِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ: {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ} [النور: ١١] ، يَعْنِي: «عِظَمَهُ» ، {مِنْهُمْ} [النور: ١١] يَعْنِي: " الْقَذَفَةَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أُبَيٍّ رَأْسُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ: «مَا بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ وَمَا بَرِئَ مِنْهَا» ، {لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] «وَفِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ عِبْرَةٌ لِجَمِيعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِذَا كَانتَ فِيهِمْ خَطِيئَةٌ مِمَّنْ أَعَانَ عَلَيْهَا بِفِعْلٍ أَوْ كَلَامٍ أَوْ عَرَّضَ بِهَا أَوْ أَعْجَبَهُ ذَلِكَ أَوْ رَضِيَ، فَهُوَ فِي تِلْكَ الْخَطِيئَةِ على قَدْرَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ، وَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَطِيئَةٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ وَكَرِهَ فَهُوَ مِثْلُ الْغَائِبِ، وَمَنْ غَابَ وَرَضِيَ فَهُوَ مِثْلُ الشَّاهِدِ»
Sa'id bin Jubayr said: "And the one who took upon himself the greater part of it" [Surah An-Nur: 11], meaning the major part of it, "from among them" [Surah An-Nur: 11], meaning from among the accusers, and he is Ibn Ubayy, the chief of the hypocrites; he is the one who said: Neither am I free of her, nor is she free of me. "Will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]. In this verse there is a lesson for all Muslims: if one of them commits a wrong and someone helps him in it by deed or word, or alludes to it, or is pleased by it or approves of it, then he shares in that wrong in proportion to the part he took. And if a wrong occurs among the Muslims, whoever is present and dislikes it is like one who was absent, and whoever is absent and approves of it is like one who was present.
حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّرْسِيُّ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [النور: ١١] ، قَالَ: «الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ، وَمِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ»
Qatadah said concerning this verse: "And the one among them who took upon himself the greater part of it will have a great punishment" [Surah An-Nur: 11]: Those who took upon themselves the greater part of it were Hassan bin Thabit and Mistah bin Uthathah.
