Sayyiduna al-Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he entered the House (the Ka'bah) with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not pray inside the Ka'bah when he entered it; but when he came out, he prayed two rak'ahs by the door of the Ka'bah.
Hadith Referenceالمعجم الكبير للطبراني / باب الفاء / 15834
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood inside the Ka'bah glorifying Allah, declaring His greatness, supplicating and seeking forgiveness, and he neither bowed nor prostrated.
Hadith Referenceالمعجم الكبير للطبراني / باب الفاء / 15835
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he entered the Ka'bah with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was at the door. Al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) did not pray; while Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed.
Hadith Referenceالمعجم الكبير للطبراني / باب الفاء / 15836