المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
باب الألف
Companions Whose Names Begin with Alif (أ)
ومن أخبار الأشعث بن قيس
Some accounts of al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him)
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حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَلْمٍ الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْمُؤْمِنِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا قُدِمَ بِالْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ أَسِيرًا عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَطْلَقَ وِثَاقَهُ وَزَوَّجَهُ أُخْتَهُ، فَاخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ، وَدَخَلَ سُوقَ الْإِبِلِ، فَجَعَلَ لَا يَرَى جَمَلًا وَلَا نَاقَةً إِلَّا عَرْقَبَهُ، وَصَاحَ النَّاسُ: كَفَرَ الْأَشْعَثُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ، طَرَحَ سَيْفَهُ، وَقَالَ: «إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا كَفَرْتُ، وَلَكِنْ زَوَّجَنِي هَذَا الرَّجُلُ أُخْتَهُ، وَلَوْ كُنَّا فِي بِلَادِنَا كَانَتْ لَنَا وَلِيمَةٌ غَيْرَ هَذِهِ، يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، انْحَرُوا وَكُلُوا، وَيَا أَصْحَابَ الْإِبِلِ، تَعَالَوْا خُذُوا شَرْوَاهَا»
Qays bin Abi Hazim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Sayyiduna al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) was brought as a captive to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), he untied his bonds and married his sister to him. He drew his sword and entered the camel market, and he began to hamstring every camel, male or female, that he saw. People cried out: Al-Ash'ath has become a disbeliever! When he had finished, he threw down his sword and said: "By Allah, I have not become a disbeliever. Rather, this man has married his sister to me, and had we been in our own land, our wedding feast (walimah) would have been different from this. O people of Madinah, slaughter and eat! And O owners of the camels, come and take (new camels) in their place."
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْأَشْعَثِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْمُلَائِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: كَانَ لِي عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ دَيْنٌ، وَكُنْتُ أَخْتَلِفُ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَسْحَارِ، فَأَدْرَكَتْنِي صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْأَشْعَثِ فَصَلَّيْتُ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الْإِمَامُ «وَضَعَ قُدَّامَ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ حُلَّةً، وَنَعْلًا، وَخَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ» قُلْتُ: إِنِّي لَسْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَسْجِدِ، قَالَ: وَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَسْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَسْجِدِ، قُلْتُ: مَا هَذِهِ؟ قَالُوا: قَدِمَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ مِنْ مَكَّةَ
Abu Ishaq said: I was owed a debt by a man from Kindah, and I used to go to him repeatedly in the early hours before dawn. One day the time of the Fajr prayer came upon me in the mosque of al-Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him), so I prayed. When the imam gave the salam, a suit of clothes, a pair of sandals and five hundred dirhams were placed in front of every person. I said: I am not one of the people of this mosque. They said: Even if you are not one of the people of this mosque. I asked: What is this? The people said: Al-Ash'ath bin Qays has come back from Makkah.
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُوسَى السُّدِّيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنِ الْأَجْلَحِ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ أُمِّ حَكِيمٍ بِنْتِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سِنَانٍ الْجَدَلِيَّةِ، قَالَتْ: اسْتَأْذَنَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَرَدَّهُ قَنْبَرٌ، فَأَدْمَى أَنْفَهُ، فَخَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَالَ: «مَا لَكَ وَمَا لَهُ يَا أَشْعَثُ؟ أَمْ وَاللهِ لَوْ بِعَبْدِ ثَقِيفٍ تَمَرَّسْتَ، اقْشَعَرَّتْ شُعَيْرَاتُ اسْتِكَ» قِيلَ لَهُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَمَنْ عَبْدُ ثَقِيفٍ؟ قَالَ: «غُلَامٌ يَلِيهِمْ لَا يَبْقَى أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُمْ ذُلًّا» قِيلَ: كَمْ يَمْلِكُ؟ قَالَ: «عِشْرِينَ إِنْ بَلَغَ»
Umm Hakim bint Amr bin Sinan al-Jadaliyyah relates: Al-Ash'ath bin Qays sought permission (to visit) Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), but Qanbar turned him back and made his nose bleed. So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came out and said: O Ash'ath! What is the matter between you and him? By Allah, had you clashed with the slave of Thaqif, the hairs of your backside would have stood on end. He was asked: O Commander of the Believers! Who is the slave of Thaqif? He said: A young man who will rule over them; there will not remain a household of the Arabs but he will bring humiliation upon them. It was asked: How long will he rule? He said: Twenty (years), if he completes them.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَلِيفَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ: " إِنَّمَا يُعَدُّ الشُّرَفُ مَا كَانَ قُبَيْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، وَاتَّصَلَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، فَبَيْتُ الْيَمَنِ الَّذِي فِي الصُّفَّةِ عِنْدَ الْعِزِّ فِي كِنْدَةَ: الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، وَفَارِسُهَا فِي بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ: عَمْرُو بْنُ مَعْدِ يكَرِبَ، وَشَاعِرُهَا امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ لَا يُخْتَلَفُ فِي هَذَا "
Abu Khalifah said: Muhammad bin Sallam said: "Nobility is only counted as that which began shortly before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), reached the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him), and continued into Islam. So the house of Yemen that stood on the height of honour in Kindah is (the house of) al-Ash'ath bin Qays; their horseman (champion) among Banu Zubayd was Amr bin Ma'dikarib; and their poet was Imru' al-Qays, who was from Kindah. There is no disagreement about this."
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ شَبَّةَ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ الْهِلَالِيُّ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: " اسْتَأْذَنَ الْأَشْعَثُ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ، فَحَجَبَهُ مَلِيًّا، وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، فَقَالَ: أَعَنْ هَذَيْنِ حَجَبْتَنِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ صَاحِبَهُمَا جَاءَنَا فَمَلَأَنَا كَذِبًا - يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا - فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَتُرَانِي أَسُبُّكَ بِابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ؟ قَالَ: مَا سُبَّ عَرَبِيُّ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: عَبْدُ مَهْرَةَ قَتَلَ جَدَّكَ، وَطَعَنَ فِي اسْتِ أَبِيكَ. فَقَالَ: أَلَا تَسْمَعُ مَا يَقُولُ لِي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ قَالَ: أَنْتَ بَدَأْتَ "
Isa bin Yazid said: Al-Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him) sought permission (to visit) Mu'awiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) in Kufah, and he kept him waiting for a long while, while Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas and Sayyiduna al-Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) were with him. Al-Ash'ath said: O Commander of the Believers! Is it because of these two that you kept me waiting? You know that their companion (meaning Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)) came to us and filled us with lies. Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Do you think I would revile you by means of Ibn Abi Talib? Al-Ash'ath said: No Arab better than me has ever been reviled. Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: (As for you,) a slave of Mahrah killed your grandfather and speared your father in his backside. At that al-Ash'ath said (to Mu'awiyah): Do you not hear what he is saying to me, O Commander of the Believers? Mu'awiyah said: It was you who started it.
