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المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
مسند النساء
The Female Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ما روى ابن عباس، عن أسماء
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) from Asma (may Allah be pleased with her)
Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 20733 — from his father, from his grandfather
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ الرَّازِيِّ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ نَجِيَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تُذْكَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَا يَذْكُرُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صَدَّ عَنْهُ حَتَّى يَئِسُوا مِنْهَا، فَلَقِي سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ عَلِيًّا فَقَالَ: إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحْبِسُهَا إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: فَلِمَ تَرَ ذَلِكَ؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا أَنَا بِوَاحِدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ دُنْيَا يَلْتَمِسُ مَا عِنْدِي، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ مَا لِي صَفْرَاءَ وَلَا بَيْضَاءَ، وَمَا أَنَا بِالْكَافِرِ الَّذِي يَتَرَقَّقُ بِهَا عَنْ دِينِهِ - يَعْنِي يَتَأَلَّفَهُ بِهَا - إِنِّي لَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: فَإِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتَفْرِجَنَّهَا عَنِّي، فَإِنَّ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَجًا، فَقَالَ: أَقُولُ مَاذَا؟ فَقَالَ: تَقُولُ جِئْتُ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ فَعَرَضَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ ثَقِيلٌ حَصِرٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كَأَنَّ لَكَ حَاجَةً يَا عَلِيُّ؟» ، قَالَ: أَجَلْ جِئْتُكَ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَرْحَبًا» كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً، فَرَجَعَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ: قَدْ فَعَلْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ، فَلَمْ يَزِدْ أَنْ رَحَّبَ بِي بِكَلِمَةٍ ضَعِيفَةٍ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: أَنْكَحَكَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّهُ لَا خُلْفَ الْآنَ وَلَا كَذِبَ، أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَمَّا أَتَيْتُهُ غَدًا فَلَتَقُولَنَّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى تُبْنِينِي؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: هَذِهِ أَشَدُّ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْأُولَى، أَوَلَا أَقُولُ حَاجَتِي؟ قَالَ: قُلْ كَمَا أَمَرْتُكَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى تُبْنِينِي؟ قَالَ: غَدًا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِلَالًا، فَقَالَ: «يَا بِلَالُ، قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي، وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ سَنَةِ أُمَّتِي الطَّعَامُ عِنْدَ النِّكَاحِ فَائْتِ الْغَنَمَ، فَخُذْ شَاةً وَأَرْبَعَةَ أَمْدَادٍ - أَوْ خَمْسَةٍ - فَاجْعَلْ لِي قَصِيعَةً لَعَلِّي أَجْمَعُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارَ، فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْهَا فَائْذِنِّي بِهَا» فَانْطَلَقَ فَفَعَلَ مَا أَمَرَهُ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِقَصْعَةٍ فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَطَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي رَأْسِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ: ادْخِلْ عَلِيَّ النَّاسَ زُفَّةً زُفَّةً وَلَا تُغَادِرَنَّ زُفَّةً إِلَى غَيْرِهَا - يَعْنِي إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْ زُفَّةٍ لَمْ تَعُدْ ثَانِيَةً - فَجَعَلَ النَّاسَ يَرِدُونَ كُلَّمَا فَرَغَتْ زُفَّةً وَرَدَتْ أُخْرَى، حَتَّى فَرَغَ النَّاسُ، ثُمَّ عَمَدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى فَضْلٍ مِنْهَا فَثَفَلَ فِيهَا وَبَارَكَ، وَقَالَ: " يَا بِلَالُ احْمِلْهَا إِلَى أُمَّهَاتِكَ، وَقُلْ لَهُنَّ: كُلْنَ وَأَطْعِمْنَ مَنْ غَشِيَكُنَّ "، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ: «إِنِّي زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي، وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُنَّ مَنْزِلَتَهَا مِنِّي، وَأَنَا دَافِعُهَا إِلَيْهِ فَدُونَكُنَّ ابْنَتُكُنَّ» فَقُمْنَ النِّسَاءُ إِلَيْهَا فَغَلَّفْنَهَا مِنْ طِيبِهِنَّ، وَأَلْبَسْنَهَا مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ، وَحَلَّيْنَهَا مِنْ حُلِيِّهِنَّ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ النِّسَاءُ وَثَبْنَ وَبَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سُتْرَةً، وَتَخَلَّفَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كَمَا أَنْتِ، عَلَى رِسْلِكِ مَنْ أَنْتِ؟» قَالَتْ: أَنَا الَّتِي أَحْرُسُ ابْنَتَكَ، إِنَّ الْفَتَاةَ لَيْلَةَ يُبْنَى بِهَا، لَا بُدَّ لَهَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَكُونُ قَرِيبًا مِنْهَا إِنْ عُرِضَتْ لَهَا حَاجَةٌ، أَوْ أَرَادَتْ شَيْئًا أَفَضَتْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهَا، قَالَ: «فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُ إِلَهِي أَنْ يَحْرُسَكِ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْكِ، وَمِنْ خَلْفَكِ، وَعَنْ يَمِينِكِ، وَعَنْ شِمَالِكِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ» ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِفَاطِمَةَ فَأَقْبَلَتْ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ عَلِيًّا جَالِسًا إِلَى جَنْبِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَصِرَتْ وَبَكَتْ، فَأَشْفَقَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَكُونَ بُكَاؤُهَا لِأَنَّ عَلِيًّا لَا مَالَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا يُبْكِيكِ فَمَا أَلَوْتُكِ فِي نَفْسِي وَقَدْ أَصَبْتُ لَكِ خَيْرَ أَهْلٍ، وَايْمُ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكِ سَعِيدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ» فُلَانٌ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَسْمَاءُ ائْتِينِي بِالْمِخْضَبِ وَامْلَئِيهِ مَاءً» فَأَتَتْهُ أَسْمَاءُ بِالْمِخْضَبِ فَمَلَأَتْهُ مَاءً، ثُمَّ تَمَسَّحَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِ وَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ وَوَجْهَهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ فَأَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا ، وَكَفًّا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا، ثُمَّ رَشَّ جِلْدَهُ وَجِلْدَهَا، ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهُمَا فَقَالَ: «اللهُمَّ إِنَّهُمَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمَا، اللهُمَّ كَمَا أَذْهَبْتَ عَنَّا الرِّجْسَ وَطَهَّرْتَنِي فَطَهِّرْهُمَا» ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمِخْضَبٍ آخَرَ، ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيًّا فَصَنَعَ بِهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ بِهَا، ثُمَّ دَعَا لَهُ كَمَا دَعَا لَهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «قُومَا إِلَى بَيْتِكُمَا، جَمَعَ اللهُ بَيْنَكُمَا، وَبَارَكَ فِي سَيْرِكُمَا، وَأَصْلَحَ بَالَكُمَا» ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِمَا بَابَهُ بِيَدِهِ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ أَنَّهَا رَمَقَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْعُو لَهُمَا خَاصَّةً لَا يُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي دُعَائِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى تَتَوَارَى فِي حُجَرِهِ
Hanzalah bin Sabrah bin al-Musayyab bin Najiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father, from his grandfather, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to be mentioned before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but whoever mentioned her, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would turn away from him, until people despaired of her. Then Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) met Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: By Allah, I think that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is holding her back only for you. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Why do you think so? By Allah, I am not one of those two kinds of men: I am neither a man of worldly wealth whose possessions would be sought - and he knows that I have neither gold nor silver - nor am I like the disbeliever whose heart would be softened towards the religion through her - that is, to win him over by it. I was indeed the first to accept Islam. Sa'd said: Then I urge you resolutely to relieve me of this (difficulty), for in it there is relief for me. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What shall I say? Sa'd said: Say: I have come to Allah and His Messenger to ask for the hand of Fatimah bint Muhammad. So Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went and presented himself before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while he (Ali) was heavy-hearted and tongue-tied with shyness. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "It seems you have some need, O Ali?" He said: Yes, I have come to Allah and His Messenger to ask for the hand of Fatimah bint Muhammad. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said only: "Welcome," a faint word. So Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went back to Sa'd bin Mu'adh and said: I did what you told me to, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) greeted me with only a faint word and said nothing more. Sa'd said: By the One who sent him with the truth, he (peace and blessings be upon him) has married you to her; now there will be neither going back on a promise nor falsehood. I adjure you that when you go to him tomorrow, you must say: O Messenger of Allah! When will you send her to my home? Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This is even harder for me than the first. Should I not state my need myself? Sa'd said: Say it just as I have told you. So Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went and said: O Messenger of Allah! When will you send her to my home? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tomorrow, if Allah wills." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) called Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "O Bilal! I have married my daughter to my cousin, and I would like serving food at marriage to be part of the Sunnah of my Ummah. So go to the sheep and take one sheep and four - or five - mudds of grain, and prepare a large dish for me; perhaps I will gather the Muhajirun and the Ansar. When you have finished with it, let me know." So he went and did as he was told, then brought a large dish and placed it before him (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) put his hand into it, then said: "Send the people in to me group by group, and do not leave one group for another" - that is, once a group has finished, it should not come back a second time. So the people kept coming; whenever one group finished, another came, until all the people had finished. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) put some of his saliva into what was left over and supplicated for blessing in it, and said: "O Bilal! Take this to your mothers and tell them: Eat yourselves and feed whoever comes to you." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and went in to the women and said: "I have married my daughter to my cousin, and you know what standing she has with me, and I am handing her over to him, so take your daughter." So the women rose to her, put their perfume on her, dressed her in their clothes and adorned her with their jewellery. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came in, and when the women saw him (peace and blessings be upon him), they jumped up and placed a screen between themselves and him (peace and blessings be upon him), while Sayyidah Asma' bint Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) stayed behind. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: "Stay as you are; wait. Who are you?" She said: I am the one who is watching over your daughter. Indeed, on the night a girl is taken to her husband, she needs a woman to be near her, so that if some need arises for her or she wants something, she can tell her. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then I ask my Lord to protect you from in front of you, from behind you, from your right and from your left, from Satan the accursed." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) called out to Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and she came. When she saw Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting beside the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), she stopped short out of shyness and began to weep. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) feared that her weeping might be because Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) had no wealth, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What makes you weep? I have spared no effort for you, and I have chosen for you the best of my family. By the One in whose hand is my soul, I have married you to one who is fortunate in this world, and in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Asma'! Bring me the basin and fill it with water." So Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) brought the basin and filled it with water. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) put his hands into it and wiped with it, and washed his feet and his face. Then he called Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), took a handful of water and poured it on her head, and a handful in front of her, then sprinkled water on his own body and on hers, then embraced them both and said: "O Allah! These two are from me and I am from them. O Allah! Just as You removed impurity from us and purified me, so purify them." Then he called for another basin, then called Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and did with him as he had done with Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), then made the same supplication for him as he had made for her. Then he said: "Go, both of you, to your home. May Allah keep you together, bless your journey and set your affairs right." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and closed the door on them with his own hand. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Sayyidah Asma' bint Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) told me that she watched the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicating for the two of them specifically, not including anyone else in his supplication, until he (peace and blessings be upon him) disappeared into his apartment.
