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المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
مسند النساء
The Female Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذكر سن زينب ووفاتها ومن أخبارها
Age, death and accounts of Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her)
Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 19253 — Among the captives on the day of Badr
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: كَانَ فِي الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ أَبُو الْعَاصِ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ خَتَنُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَوْجُ ابْنَتِهِ زَيْنَبَ، وَكَانَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ مِنْ رِجَالِ مَكَّةَ الْمَعْدُودِينَ مَالًا وَأَمَانَةً، وَكَانَ لهالةَ بِنْتِ خُوَيْلِدٍ، وَكَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ خَالَتَهُ فَسَأَلَتْ خَدِيجَةُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ زَيْنَبَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُخَالِفُهَا، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ، وَكَانَتْ تَعُدُّهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ وَلَدِهَا فَلَمَّا أَكْرَمَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ، وَآمَنَتْ بِهِ خَدِيجَةُ وَبَنَاتُهُ، وَصَدَّقْنَهُ وَشَهِدْنَ أَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ وَدِنَّ بِدِينِهِ، وَثَبَتَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ عَلَى شِرْكِهِ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ زَوَّجَ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ أَبِي لَهَبٍ إِحْدَى بِنْتَيْهِ رُقَيَّةَ أَوْ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ فَلَمَّا بَادَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُرَيْشًا بِأَمْرِ اللهِ وَبَادَوْهُ قَالُوا: إِنَّكُمْ قَدْ فَرَّغْتُمْ مُحَمَّدًا مِنْ هَمِّهِ فَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهِ بَنَاتِهِ فَاشْغَلُوهُ بِهِنَّ فَمَشَوْا إِلَى أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فَقَالُوا: فَارِقْ صَاحِبَتَكَ، وَنَحْنُ نُزَوِّجُكَ أَيَّ امْرَأَةٍ شِئْتَ فَقَالَ: لَا هَا اللهِ إِذًا، لَا أُفَارِقُ صَاحِبَتِي، وَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِي بِامْرَأَتِي امْرَأَةً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ فِي صِهْرِهِ خَيْرًا - فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي - فَمَشَوْا إِلَى الْفَاسِقِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي لَهَبٍ فَقَالُوا: طَلِّقِ امْرَأَتَكَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَنَحْنُ نُنْكِحُكَ أَيَّ امْرَأَةٍ شِئْتَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فَقَالَ: إِنْ زَوَّجْتُمُونِي بِنْتَ أَبَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، أَوْ بِنْتَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَارَقْتُهَا فَزَوَّجُوهُ بِنْتَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَفَارَقَهَا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَدُوُّ اللهِ دَخَلَ بِهَا فَأَخْرَجَهَا اللهُ مِنْ يَدِهِ كَرَامَةً لَهَا وَهَوَانًا لَهُ، وَخَلَفَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَهُ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُحِلُّ بِمَكَّةَ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُ، مَغْلُوبًا عَلَى أَمْرِهِ، وَكَانَ الْإِسْلَامُ قَدْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ أَسْلَمَتْ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ إِلَّا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يُفِرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا، فَأَقَامَتْ مَعَهُ عَلَى إِسْلَامِهَا وَهُوَ عَلَى شِرْكِهِ حَتَّى هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَهِيَ مُقِيمَةٌ مَعَهُ بِمَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا سَارَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى بَدْرٍ سَارَ فِيهِمْ أَبُو الْعَاصِ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ فَأُصِيبَ فِي الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَكَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: لَمَّا بَعَثَ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ فِي فِدَاءِ أُسَرائِهِمْ بَعَثَتْ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي فِدَاءِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ وَبَعَثَتْ فِيهِ بِقِلَادَةٍ لَهَا كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ قَدْ أَدْخَلَتْهَا فِيهَا عَلَى أَبِي الْعَاصِ حِينَ بَنَى عَلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَقَّ لَهَا رِقَّةً شَدِيدَةً فَقَالَ: «إِنْ رَأَيْتُمْ أَنْ تُطْلِقُوا لَهَا أَسِيرَهَا وَتَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهَا مَالَهَا فَافْعَلُوا» فَقَالُوا: نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَأَطْلَقُوهُ وَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهَا الَّذِي لَهَا قَالَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ وَوَعَدَهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يُخَلِّيَ سَبِيلَ زَيْنَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِذْ كَانَ فِيمَا شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِي إِطْلَاقِهِ وَلَمْ يَظْهَرْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَلَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَيَعْلَمُ إِلَّا إِنَّهُ لَمَّا خَرَجَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَخَلَا سَبِيلُهُ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَرَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مَكَانَهُ وَقَالَ: " كُونَا بِبَطْحِ يَأْجِجَ حَتَّى تَمُرَّ بِكُمَا زَيْنَبُ فَتَصْحَبَانِهَا حَتَّى تَأْتِيَانِي بِهَا فَخَرَجَا مَكَانَهُمَا، وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ بَدْرٍ بِشَهْرٍ أَوْ شَيْعِهِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ مَكَّةَ أَمَرَهَا بِاللُّحُوقِ بِأَبِيهَا فَخَرَجَتْ جَهْرَةً قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ: حُدِّثْتُ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: بَيْنَمَا أَنَا أَتَجَهَّزُ بِمَكَّةَ لِلُّحُوقِ بِأَبِي لَقِيَتْنِي هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ فَقَالَتْ: يَا ابْنَةَ عَمِّي، إِنْ كَانَ لَكِ حَاجَةٌ بِمَتَاعٍ مِمَّا يُرْفَقُ بِكِ فِي سَفَرِكِ، أَوْ مَالٍ تَبْلُغِينَ بِهِ إِلَى أَبِيكِ، فَإِنَّ عِنْدِي حَاجَتَكِ، فَلَا تَضْطَنِي مِنِّي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا يَدْخُلُ بَيْنَ الرِّجَالِ قَالَتْ: وَوَاللهِ مَا أُرَاهَا قَالَتْ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا لِتَفْعَلَ، وَلَكِنْ خِفْتُهَا فَأَنْكَرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ أُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ، فَتَجَهَّزْتُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ مِنْ جَهَازِي قَدَّمَ لِي حَمْوِي كِنَانَةُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ أَخُو زَوْجِي بَعِيرًا فَرَكِبْتُهُ، وَأَخَذَ قَوْسَهُ وَكِنَانَتَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ بِهَا نَهَارًا يَقُودُ بِهَا، وَهِيَ فِي هَوْدَجِهَا وَتَحَدَّثَتْ بِذَلِكَ رِجَالُ قُرَيْشٍ، فَخَرَجُوا فِي طَلَبِهَا حَتَّى أَدْرَكُوهَا بِذِي طُوًى، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَيْهَا هَبَّارُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ قُصَيٍّ، وَنَافِعُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِقِينَةِ بَنِي أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ نَافِعٍ الَّذِي بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ فَرَوَّعَهَا هَبَّارُ بِالرُّمْحِ وَهِيَ فِي هَوْدَجِهَا، وَكَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ حَامِلًا فِيمَا يَزْعُمُونَ، فَلَمَّا رِيعَتْ أَلْقَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَنَزَلَ حَمْوُهَا وَنَثَرَ كِنَانَتَهُ فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ لَا يَدْنُو مِنِّي رَجُلٌ إِلَّا وَضَعْتُ فِيهِ سَهْمًا، فَتَكَرْكَرَ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ، وَأَتَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فِي جُلَّةِ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ، كَفَّ عَنَّا نَبْلَكَ حَتَّى نُكَلِّمَكَ، فَكَفَّ وَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصِبْ خَرَجْتَ بِامْرَأَةٍ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ عَلَانِيَةً، وَقَدْ عَرَفْتَ مُصِيبَتَنَا وَنَكْبَتَنَا، وَمَا قَدْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ فَيَظُنُّ النَّاسُ إِذَا خَرَجَتْ إِلَيْهِ ابْنَتُهُ عَلَانِيَةً مِنْ ظَهْرَانَيْنَا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ ذُلٍّ أَصَابَنَا عَنْ مُصِيبَتِنَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ، وَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا ضِعْفٌ وَوَهَنٌ وَأَنَّهُ لَعَمْرِي مَا لَنَا فِي حَبِسِهَا عَنْ أَبِيهَا حَاجَةٌ، وَلَكِنْ أَرْجِعِ الْمَرْأَةَ حَتَّى إِذَا هَدَأَ الصَّوْتُ، وَتَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ أَنَا قَدْ رَدَدْنَاهَا، فَسُلَّهَا سِرًّا وَأَلْحِقْهَا بِأَبِيهَا قَالَ: فَفَعَلَ وَأَقَامَتْ لَيَالِي حَتَّى إِذَا هَدَأَ النَّاسُ خَرَجَ بِهَا لَيْلًا، حَتَّى أَسْلَمَهَا إِلَى زَيْدِ بنِ حَارِثَةَ وَصَاحِبِهِ فَقَدِمَا بِهَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَقَامَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ بِمَكَّةَ وَكَانَتْ زَيْنَبُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ فَرَّقَ الْإِسْلَامُ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ قُبَيلَ الْفَتْحِ خَرَجَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ تَاجِرًا إِلَى الشَّامِ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مَأْمُونًا بِمَالٍ لَهُ وَأَمْوَالٍ لِرِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَبْضَعُوهَا مَعَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ تِجَارَتِهِ أَقْبَلَ قَافِلًا فَلَقِيَتْهُ سَرِيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَصَابُوا مَا مَعَهُ وَأَعْجَزَهُمْ هَارِبًا، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتِ السَّرِيَّةُ بِمَا أَصَابُوا مِنْ مَالِهِ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ تَحْتَ اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَجَارَ بِهَا فَأَجَارَتْهُ، وَجَاءَ فِي طَلَبِ مَالِهِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الصُّبْحِ كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ رُومَانَ فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرَ النَّاسُ خَرَجَتْ زَيْنَبُ مِنْ صُفَّةِ النِّسَاءِ وَقَالَتْ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي أَجَرْتُ أَبَا الْعَاصِ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ: «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَسَمِعْتُمْ» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ قَالَ: «أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا عَمِلْتُ بِشَيْءٍ كَانَ حَتَّى سَمِعْتُهُ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيُجِيرُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَدْنَاهُمْ» ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ فَقَالَ: «يَا بُنَيَّةُ أَكْرِمِي مَثْوَاهُ وَلَا يَخْلُصْ إِلَيْكِ فَإِنَّكِ لَا تَحَلِّينَ لَهُ» قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ إِلَى السَّرِيَّةِ الَّذِينَ أَصَابُوا مَالَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ: أَنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ مِنَّا حَيْثُ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَقَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ لَهُ مَالًا، فَإِنْ تُحْسِنُوا وَتَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهِ الَّذِي لَهُ فَإِنَّا نُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ، وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ فَهُوَ فَيْءُ اللهِ الَّذِي أَفَاءَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَنْتُمُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ " قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَلْ نَرُدَّهُ، فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ مَالَهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَأْتِي بِالْحَبْلِ وَيَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ بِالشَّنَّةِ وَبِالْإِدْوَاةِ حَتَّى إِنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ لَيَأْتِي بِالشَّظَاظِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ مَالَهُ بِأَسْرِهِ لَا يَفْقِدُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا احْتَمَلَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَرَدَّ إِلَى كُلِّ ذِي مَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَالَهُ مِمَّنْ كَانَ أَبْضَعَ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، هَلْ بَقِيَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ عِنْدِي مَالٌ لَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ؟ قَالُوا: لَا وَجَزَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا فَقَدْ وَجَدْنَاكَ لَعَفِيفًا كَرِيمًا قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، وَاللهِ مَا مَنَعَنِي مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا تَخَوُّفًا أَنْ تَظُنُّوا أَنِّي إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ آكُلَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ فَأَمَّا إِذَا أَدَّاهَا اللهُ إِلَيْكُمْ وَفَرَغْتُ مِنْهَا أَسْلَمْتُ وَخَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Muhammad bin Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Among the captives on the day of Badr was Abu al-As bin al-Rabi' bin Abd al-Uzza bin Abd Shams, the son-in-law of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the husband of his (peace and blessings be upon him) daughter Zaynab. Abu al-As was one of the men of Makkah counted among those of wealth and trustworthiness. He was the son of Halah bint Khuwaylid, and Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) was his maternal aunt. Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to marry him to Zaynab, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would not refuse her; this was before prophethood came to him, and Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) regarded him as her own son. When Allah honoured His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with prophethood, and Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) and his (peace and blessings be upon him) daughters believed in him (peace and blessings be upon him), affirmed him, bore witness that what he (peace and blessings be upon him) had brought was the truth and adopted his religion, Abu al-As remained firm in his polytheism. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had married one of his daughters, Ruqayyah or Umm Kulthum, to Utbah bin Abi Lahab. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) openly proclaimed Allah's command and Quraysh openly opposed him, Quraysh said: You have relieved Muhammad of his worry; return his daughters to him so that he is kept busy with them. So they went to Abu al-As bin al-Rabi' and said: Leave your wife, and we will marry you to whichever woman you wish. He said: No, by Allah, never! I will not leave my wife, and I would not like to have any woman of Quraysh in place of my wife. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to praise this son-in-law of his, as has reached me. Then they went to the wicked Utbah bin Abi Lahab and said: Divorce your wife, the daughter of Muhammad, and we will marry you to whichever woman of Quraysh you wish. He said: If you marry me to the daughter of Aban bin Sa'id bin al-As, or the daughter of Sa'id bin al-As, I will leave her. So they married him to the daughter of Sa'id bin al-As and he left her; that enemy of Allah had not even consummated the marriage with her, and Allah took her out of his hands as an honour for her and a humiliation for him. After him, Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) married her. In Makkah the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was not able to declare anything lawful or unlawful; the polytheists had the upper hand over his (peace and blessings be upon him) affairs. Islam had separated Sayyidah Zaynab bint Rasulullah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Abu al-As bin al-Rabi' when she accepted Islam, except that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was not able to separate them. So she remained with him upon her Islam while he remained upon his polytheism, until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) emigrated to Madinah while she stayed with him in Makkah. When Quraysh set out for Badr, Abu al-As bin al-Rabi' set out among them, and on the day of Badr he was taken among the captives and stayed in Madinah with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Ibn Ishaq said: Yahya bin Abbad bin Abdullah bin al-Zubayr narrated to me from his father Abbad bin Abdullah bin al-Zubayr, from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that she said: When the people of Makkah sent (representatives) for the ransom of their captives, Sayyidah Zaynab bint Rasulullah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent (her wealth) for the ransom of Abu al-As, and with it she sent her necklace which Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) had put on her at the time she was taken to her husband. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw that necklace, he (peace and blessings be upon him) felt intense tenderness for Sayyidah Zaynab and said: "If you see fit, release her captive for her and return her property to her." The Companions said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah. So they released Abu al-As and returned her property too. The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had taken a promise from Abu al-As that he would leave the way open for Sayyidah Zaynab to come to him (peace and blessings be upon him), in return for his release, and this was among the conditions of his release; but neither he nor the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made it public, so that no one would know. Then, when Abu al-As set out for Makkah and was set free, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Zayd bin Harithah and a man of the Ansar in his place and said: "Wait in Batn Ya'jij, and when Zaynab passes by you, accompany her and bring her to me." So the two of them set out for their post; this was a month or so after Badr. When Abu al-As reached Makkah, he told Sayyidah Zaynab to join her father, so she set out openly. Ibn Ishaq said: Abdullah bin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm said that I was told that Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I was preparing my provisions in Makkah to join my father when Hind bint Utbah met me and said: O daughter of my uncle, if you need any goods to make your journey easier, or any money with which to reach your father, I have what you need, so do not be shy of me, for what comes between men does not come between women. Sayyidah Zaynab said: By Allah, I think she said it truly intending to do it (to help), but I was wary of her, so I denied that I needed anything. Then I prepared for the journey. When I had finished my preparations, my husband's brother Kinanah bin al-Rabi' brought me a camel, which I mounted, and he took up his bow and his quiver, then set out with me in the daytime while I was in my howdah. The men of Quraysh came to know of it, so they set out in pursuit of me and caught up with me at Dhu Tuwa. The first to reach me was Habbar bin al-Aswad bin al-Muttalib bin Asad bin Abd al-Uzza bin Qusayy, and with him was Nafi' bin Abd al-Qays al-Zuhri, who was one of the slaves of Banu Abi Ubaydah bin Uqbah bin Nafi' in Ifriqiyah. Habbar frightened me with his spear while I was in my howdah, and I was (as people claim) pregnant; out of fear I miscarried. At that my husband's brother dismounted, spread out his quiver and said: By Allah, whoever comes near me, I will shoot an arrow into him. So the people drew back from him. Then Abu Sufyan came with the leaders of Quraysh and said: O man, hold back your arrows from us so that we can speak to you. He held back his arrows, and Abu Sufyan came forward and addressed him, saying: You have not done well to set out with a woman openly in front of everyone, when you know of our calamity and our defeat, and what has befallen us at the hands of Muhammad. People will think that if his daughter leaves openly from among us, this is a sign of the humiliation and weakness that has come upon us because of this calamity of ours. We have no interest in keeping her from her father; but take the woman back, and when the talk has died down and people say that we have sent her back, then take her out quietly and let her join her father. The narrator said: So he did that, and they stayed several nights; then, when the people had calmed down, he set out with her at night until he handed her over to Zayd bin Harithah and his companion, and the two of them brought her to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Abu al-As remained in Makkah, and Sayyidah Zaynab remained with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Islam having separated the two of them. Then, some time before the Conquest of Makkah, Abu al-As set out to Syria for trade. He was a trustworthy man, and with him was his own wealth and also the wealth of some men of Quraysh which they had entrusted to him. When he had finished his trading and was on his way back, a detachment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) met him on the way and seized all his wealth, but he himself escaped by fleeing. When the detachment came back with his wealth, Abu al-As came secretly under cover of night to Sayyidah Zaynab bint Rasulullah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked her for protection, and she granted him protection. He had come intending to get his wealth back. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out for the Fajr prayer, as Yazid bin Ruman told me, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said the takbir and the people said the takbir, Sayyidah Zaynab came out from the women's row and said: O people, I have granted protection to Abu al-As bin al-Rabi'. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, he turned to the people and said: "O people, did you hear?" The people said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, I knew nothing of this until I heard it, and even the lowest-ranking individual among the Muslims may grant protection." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went back and came to his daughter and said: "My daughter, treat him as an honoured guest, but let him not come close to you, for you are no longer lawful for him." Ibn Ishaq said: Abdullah bin Abi Bakr told me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent word to the detachment that had seized the wealth of Abu al-As bin al-Rabi': This man is one of us, as you know, and you have taken his wealth. If you do him a kindness and return his property to him, we would like that; and if you refuse, it is the spoil that Allah has given you, and you have more right to it. The Companions said: O Messenger of Allah, rather we will return it. So they returned his wealth to him, to the extent that one man would bring a rope, another would bring a water-skin and a vessel, and one of them would even bring a small wooden peg, until all his wealth was returned without anything missing. He took it to Makkah and returned in full to every man of Quraysh whose wealth he had with him. Then he said: O people of Quraysh, does anyone of you still have wealth with me that he has not received? The people said: No, may Allah reward you with good; we have found you trustworthy and generous. He said: I bear witness that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the servant and Messenger of Allah. By Allah, nothing kept me from accepting Islam except my fear that you would think I only wanted to consume your wealth; but now that Allah has had your wealth returned to you and I am free of it, I have accepted Islam. Then he set out until he came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
