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المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
باب العين
Companions Whose Names Begin with Ayn (ع)
عبيد الله بن عبد الله عن ابن عباس
Ubaydullah bin Abdullah from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)
Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 10691 — In the time of Jahiliyyah, qasamah was
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، قَالَا: ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " كَانَتِ الْقَسَامَةُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ حِجَازًا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ صَبْرٍ أَثِمَ فِيهَا، أُرِيَ عُقُوَبةً مِنَ اللهِ يُنَكَّلُ بِهَا مِنَ الْجُرْأَةِ عَلَى الْمَحَارِمِ، فَكَانُوا يَتَوَرَّعُونَ عَنْ أَيْمَانِ الصَّبْرِ وَيَخَافُونَهَا، فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللهُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَقَرَّ الْقَسَامَةَ، وَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ هُمْ أَهْيَبَ لَهَا؛ لِمَا عَلَّمَهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْقَسَامَةِ بَيْنَ حَيَّيْنِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ بَنُو حَارِثَةَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ يَهُودَ قَتَلَتْ مُحَيِّصَةَ فَأَنْكَرَتِ الْيَهُودُ، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْيَهُودَ لِقَسَامَتِهِمْ؛ لِأَنَّهُمُ الَّذِينَ ادَّعَوُا الدَّمَ، فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُحَلِّفُوا خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا أَنَّهُمْ لَبَرَاءٌ مِنْ قَتْلِهِ، فَنَكَلَتْ يَهُودُ عَنِ الْأَيْمَانِ، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُحَلِّفُوا خَمْسِينَ يَمِينًا خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا أَنَّ يَهُودَ قَتَلَتْهُ غِيلَةً، وَيَسْتَحِقُّونَ بِذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ الَّذِي قَتَلَ صَاحِبَهُمْ، فَنَكَلَتْ بَنُو حَارِثَةَ عَنِ الْأَيْمَانِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِعَقْلِهِ عَلَى يَهُودَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ وُجِدَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ وَفِي دِيَارِهِمْ
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: In the time of Jahiliyyah, qasamah was a deterrent among people. Whoever swore a binding oath (yamin sabr) falsely incurred sin by it; he would be shown some punishment from Allah by which those who dared to violate what is forbidden were made an example of. So they would avoid binding oaths and fear them. Then when Allah Almighty sent Muhammad ((peace and blessings be upon him)), he ((peace and blessings be upon him)) retained qasamah, and the Muslims were even more in awe of it because of what Allah Almighty had taught them about it. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) judged by qasamah between two clans of the Ansar who were called Banu Harithah. The reason was that the Jews had killed Muhayyisah, but the Jews denied it. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called the Jews to their qasamah, since it was they (Banu Harithah) who were claiming the blood. He ((peace and blessings be upon him)) ordered them that fifty men swear fifty oaths that they were innocent of his killing, but the Jews refused to swear the oaths. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called Banu Harithah and ordered them that fifty men swear fifty oaths that the Jews had killed him treacherously, and thereby establish their claim against the one whom they alleged had killed their companion; but Banu Harithah also refused to swear the oaths. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw this, he ruled that the blood money was due from the Jews, because the slain man had been found among them and in their territory.
