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المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
باب العين
Companions Whose Names Begin with Ayn (ع)
عبيد الله بن عبد الله عن ابن عباس
Ubaydullah bin Abdullah from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)
Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 10686 — Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الضَّبِّيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْزَلَ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة: ٤٤] ، {الظَّالِمُونَ} [المائدة: ٤٥] ، {الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة: ٤٧] ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنْزَلَهَا فِي طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ، وَكَانَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا قَدْ قَهَرَتِ الْأُخْرَى فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، حَتَّى ارْتَضَوْا وَاصْطَلَحُوا عَلَى أَنَّ كُلَّ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَتْهُ الْعَزِيزَةُ مِنَ الذَّلِيلَةِ فَدِيَتُهُ خَمْسُونَ وَسْقًا، وَكُلَّ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَتْهُ الذَّلِيلَةُ مِنَ الْعَزِيزَةِ فَدِيَتُهُ مِائَةُ وَسْقٍ، فَكَانُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَلَّتِ الطَّائِفَتَانِ لِحُكْمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَمْ يَظْهَرْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَلَمْ يُوطِئْهُمَا وَهُوَ الصُّلْحُ، فَقَتَلَتِ الذَّلِيلَةُ مِنَ الْعَزِيزَةِ قَتِيلًا، فَأَرْسَلَتِ الْعَزِيزَةُ إِلَى الذَّلِيلَةِ أَنِ ابْعَثُوا إِلَيْنَا مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ، فَقَالَتِ الذَّلِيلَةُ: وَهَلْ كَانَ هَذَا قَطُّ، دِينُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ، وَنَسَبُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ، دِيَةُ بَعْضِهِمْ نِصْفُ دِيَةِ بَعْضٍ، إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْنَاكُمْ هَذَا ضَيْمًا مِنْكُمْ لَنَا، وَفَرَقًا مِنْكُمْ، فَلَمَّا إِذْ قَدِمَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَا نُعْطِيكُمْ ذَلِكَ، فَكَادَتِ الْحَرْبُ تَهِيجُ بَيْنَهُمَا، ثُمَّ ارْتَضَوْا عَلَى أَنْ جَعَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَفَكَّرَتِ الْعَزِيزَةُ فَقَالَتْ: " وَاللهِ مَا مُحَمَّدٌ بِمُعْطِيكُمْ مِنْهُمْ ضِعْفَ مَا يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْكُمْ، وَلَقَدْ صَدَقُوا، مَا أَعْطَوْنَا هَذَا إِلَّا ضَيْمًا وَقَهْرًا لَهُمْ، فَدُسُّوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ يَخْبُرُ لَكُمْ رَأْيَهُ، فَإِنْ أَعْطَاكُمْ مَا تُرِيدُونَ حَكَّمْتُمُوهُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْطِكُمُوهُ حَذِرْتُمُوهُ فَلَمْ تُحَكِّمُوهُ، فَدَسُّوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَاسًا مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يَخْتَبِرُونَ لَهُمْ رَأْيَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْبَرَ اللهُ رَسُولَهُ بِأَمْرِهِمْ كُلِّهِ وَمَاذَا أَرَادُوا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا} [المائدة: ٤١] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة: ٤٧] . ثُمَّ قَالَ: فِيهِمْ وَاللهِ أُنْزِلَتْ، وَإِيَّاهُمْ عَنَى اللهُ
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed this verse: "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the disbelievers" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 44], "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the wrongdoers" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 45], "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the defiantly disobedient" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 47]. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: This verse was revealed concerning two tribes of the Jews. One of the two tribes had overpowered the other in the time of Jahiliyyah, until both agreed and settled on this: if a member of the dominant tribe killed a member of the subdued tribe, his blood money would be fifty wasq (of grain), and if a member of the subdued tribe killed a member of the dominant tribe, his blood money would be a hundred wasq. They remained upon that until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived, and both tribes submitted to the judgment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), although at that time the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not gained the upper hand over them nor subjugated them; rather it was a peace treaty. Then a member of the subdued tribe killed a member of the dominant tribe, and the dominant tribe sent word to the subdued tribe: Send us a hundred wasq. The subdued tribe said: Has such a thing ever happened? The religion of both is one and their lineage is one, and yet the blood money of one is half the blood money of the other? We gave you this only because of your oppression of us and out of fear of you; now that Muhammad ((peace and blessings be upon him)) has come, we will not give you this. At that, war was about to break out between them; then they agreed to make the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) the judge between them. The dominant tribe reflected and said: By Allah, Muhammad ((peace and blessings be upon him)) will not give you from them double what he gives them from you, and it is true that they gave us this only out of oppression and coercion upon them. So secretly send to Muhammad ((peace and blessings be upon him)) people who will bring you news of his view; if he gives you a judgment according to your wish, accept him as judge, and if he does not, beware of him and do not make him judge. So they secretly sent some of the hypocrites to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to find out for them the view of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When they came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Allah Almighty informed His Messenger ((peace and blessings be upon him)) of their whole affair and what they intended, and so Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: "O Messenger, let them not grieve you who hasten into disbelief" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 41] up to: "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then it is they who are the defiantly disobedient" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 47]. Then he said: By Allah, this verse was revealed concerning them, and it was they whom Allah meant.
