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المعجم الأوسط
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat (Tabarani)
باب الميم
Names Beginning with the Letter Mim
مَنِ اسْمُهُ مُحَمَّدٌ
Those Named Muhammad
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 6577 — on the day of the Conquest of Makkah
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ بِمِصْرَ ، نَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ ، نَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : أَمَّنَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ : عَبْدَ الْعُزَّى بْنَ خَطَلٍ ، وَمِقْيَسَ بْنَ صُبَابَةَ الْكِنَانِيَّ ، وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ ، وَأُمَّ سَارَةَ امْرَأَةً ، فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى ، فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ . قَالَ : وَنَذَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ إِذَا رَآهُ ، وَكَانَ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْتَشْفِعُ بِهِ ، فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ اشْتَمَلَ عَلَى السَّيْفِ ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِهِ ، فَوَجَدَهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَهَابَ قَتْلَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَتَرَدَّدُ ، وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَبَسَطَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَهُ فَبَايَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ : I " قَدِ انْتَظَرْتُكَ أَنْ تُوَفِّيَ بِنَذْرِكَ I " قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هِبْتُكَ ، أَفَلَا أَوْمَضْتَ إِلَيَّ ؟ قَالَ : I " إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُومِضَ I " وَأَمَّا مِقْيَسٌ ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ قُتِلَ خَطَأً مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي فِهْرٍ لِيَأْخُذَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْعَقْلَ ، فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ لَهُ الْعَقْلَ وَرَجَعَ نَامَ الْفِهْرِيُّ ، فَوَثَبَ مِقْيَسٌ فَأَخَذَ حَجَرًا فَجَلَدَ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ ، فَقَتَلَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : شَفَى النَّفْسَ مَنْ قَدْ بَاتَ بِالْقَاعِ مُسْنَدًا يُضَرِّجُ ثَوْبَيْهِ دِمَاءُ الْأَخَادِعِ وَكَانَتْ هُمُومُ النَّفْسِ مِنْ قَبْلِ قَتْلِهِ تُهَيَّجُ فَتُنْسِينِي وِطَاءَ الْمَضَاجِعِ حَلَلْتُ بِهِ ثَأْرِي وَأَدْرَكْتُ ثَوْرَتِي وَكُنْتُ إِلَى الْأَوْثَانِ أَوَّلَ رَاجِعِ وَأَمَّا أُمُّ سَارَةَ ، فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَوْلَاةً لِقُرَيْشٍ ، فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَشَكَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجَةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهَا كِتَابًا لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ، يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ لِيُحْفَظَ فِي عِيَالِهِ ، وَكَانَ لَهُ بِهَا عِيَالٌ ، فَأَخْبَرَ جِبْرِيلُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَاكَ ، فَبَعَثَ فِي أَثَرِهَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَعَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، فَلَحِقَاهَا ، فَفَتَّشَاهَا ، فَلَمْ يَقْدِرَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا ، فَأَقْبَلَا رَاجِعِينَ ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ : وَاللهِ مَا كَذَبْنَا وَلَا كُذِبْنَا ، ارْجِعْ بِنَا إِلَيْهَا ، فَرَجِعَا إِلَيْهَا ، فَسَلَّا سَيْفَهُمَا ، فَقَالَا : وَاللهِ لَنُذِيقَنَّكِ الْمَوْتَ أَوْ لَتَدْفَعِنَّ إِلَيْنَا الْكِتَابَ ، فَأَنْكَرَتْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَرُدَّانِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَبِلَاهُ مِنْهَا ، فَحَلَّتْ عِقَالَ رَأْسِهَا ، فَأَخْرَجَتْ كِتَابًا مِنْ قُرُونِهَا ، فَدَفَعَتْهُ إِلَيْهِمَا ، فَرَجَعَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَدَفَعَاهُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ : I " مَا هَذَا الْكِتَابُ ؟ I " قَالَ : أُخْبِرُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لَيْسَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ مَعَكَ إِلَّا وَلَهُ بِمَكَّةَ مَنْ يَحْفَظُهُ فِي عِيَالِهِ غَيْرِي ، فَكَتَبْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ لِيَكُونُوا لِي فِي عِيَالِي ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ لَمْ يَرْوِ أَوَّلَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قِصَّةَ مِقْيَسٍ ، وَابْنِ خَطَلٍ ، وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ إِلَّا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ I " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted safety to all the people except four persons: Abd al-Uzza bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah al-Kinani, Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh, and a woman, Umm Sarah. As for Abd al-Uzza, he was killed while holding on to the curtains of the Ka'bah. The narrator said: A man from the Ansar had vowed that he would kill Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh when he saw him, and he (Abdullah) was the foster brother of Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) brought him to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to intercede for him. When the Ansari caught sight of him, he took up his sword and went out after him (intending to kill him), but he found him in the gathering of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So he hesitated to kill him and disliked attacking him because he was in the gathering of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stretched out his blessed hand and took the pledge of allegiance from him (Abdullah). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Ansari: "I was waiting for you to fulfil your vow." He said: O Messenger of Allah! I was held back by awe of you; why did you not give me a signal (with your eye)? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is not befitting for a prophet to give a secret signal (with the eye)." As for Miqyas, he had a brother who had been killed by mistake while with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (on an expedition). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent a man from Banu Fihr with him to obtain for him the blood money for his brother from the Ansar. When he had collected the blood money and returned, the Fihri man fell asleep. Miqyas leapt upon him, took a stone, struck him on the head with it and killed him. Then he came back reciting these verses, whose meaning is: "My thirst has been quenched by the one who lies propped up in the open plain, his two garments stained red by the blood of his neck veins. Before his killing, the worries of my heart kept me awake and made me forget the softness of my bed. Through him I have taken my revenge and obtained my retaliation, and I have become the first to return to the idols." As for Umm Sarah, she was a freed slave woman of Quraysh. She came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and complained to him of her need and poverty, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her something. Then a man came to her and gave her a letter addressed to the people of Makkah, by which he sought to win their favour so that (in return) his family in Makkah would be protected, for he had wife and children there. Jibril (peace be upon him) informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) of this, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab and Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with them both) after her. They caught up with her and searched her, but they found nothing. When they were about to turn back, one of them said to his companion: By Allah! We have not lied, nor have we been given false information; we should go back to her. So the two of them went back to her, drew their swords and said: By Allah! Either we will make you taste death, or you will hand over the letter to us. At first she denied it, then she said: I will hand it over to you on condition that you do not take me back to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). They accepted this condition. She undid the braids of her hair, took the letter out of the plaits of her hair and handed it over to them. The two of them brought it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and handed the letter over to him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) sent for the man and asked: "What is this letter?" He said: O Messenger of Allah! I will tell you the truth. Every one of the Companions with you has someone in Makkah who protects his family, except me, so I wrote this letter so that they would look after my family. At this, Allah Almighty revealed the verse: "O you who believe! Do not take My enemy and your enemy as allies, extending affection to them" to the end of the verses.
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The first part of this hadith, containing the story of Miqyas, Ibn Khatal and Abdullah bin Sa'd, was narrated from Qatadah from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) only by al-Hakam bin Abd al-Malik, and al-Hasan bin Bishr is alone in narrating it from him."
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The first part of this hadith, containing the story of Miqyas, Ibn Khatal and Abdullah bin Sa'd, was narrated from Qatadah from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) only by al-Hakam bin Abd al-Malik, and al-Hasan bin Bishr is alone in narrating it from him."
