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المعجم الأوسط
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat (Tabarani)
باب الميم
Names Beginning with the Letter Mim
مَنِ اسْمُهُ مُحَمَّدٌ
Those Named Muhammad
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 5991 — When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ النَّاقِطُ الْبَصْرِيُّ ، قَالَ : نَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، قَالَ : نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ ، وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ ، فَذَهَبَتْ بِي أُمِّي إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ رِجَالَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَنِسَاءَهُمْ قَدْ أَتْحَفُوكَ غَيْرِي ، وَإِنِّي لَمْ أَجِدْ مَا أُتْحِفُكَ بِهِ إِلَّا بُنَيَّ هَذَا ، فَاقْبَلْهُ مِنِّي يَخْدُمْكَ مَا بَدَا لَكَ ، قَالَ : فَخَدَمْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ ، فَلَمْ يَضْرِبْنِي ضَرْبَةً ، وَلَمْ يَسُبَّنِي ، وَلَمْ يَعْبَسْ فِي وَجْهِي .
وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا أَوْصَانِي أَنْ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، اكْتُمْ سِرِّي تَكُنْ مُؤْمِنًا ، فَمَا أَخْبَرْتُ بِسِرِّهِ أَحَدًا قَطُّ ، وَإِنَّ أُمِّي وَأَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلُونِي ، فَمَا أَخْبَرْتُهُنَّ بِسِرِّهِ ، وَلَا أُخْبِرُ سِرَّهُ أَحَدًا أَبَدًا .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ أَسْبِغِ الْوُضُوءَ يُزَدْ فِي عُمُرِكَ ، وَيُحِبَّكَ حَافِظَاكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَلَّا تَبِيتَ إِلَّا عَلَى وُضُوءٍ فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاهُ الْمَوْتُ وَهُوَ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ أُعْطِيَ الشَّهَادَةَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَلَّا تَزَالَ تُصَلِّي فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَزَالُ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْكَ مَا دُمْتَ تُصَلِّي ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِيَّاكَ وَالِالْتِفَاتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ، فَإِنَّ الِالْتِفَاتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ هَلَكَةٌ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَفِي التَّطَوُّعِ لَا فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا رَكَعْتَ فَضَعْ كَفَّيْكَ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْكَ ، وَفَرِّجْ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِكَ ، وَارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْكَ ، فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَمَكِّنْ لِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مَوْضِعَهُ ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَنْظُرُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَى مَنْ لَا يُقِيمُ صُلْبَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَلَا تَنْقُرْ كَمَا يَنْقُرُ الدِّيكُ ، وَلَا تُقْعِ كَمَا يُقْعِي الْكَلْبُ ، وَلَا تَفْرِشْ ذِرَاعَيْكَ الْأَرْضَ افْتِرَاشَ السَّبُعِ ، وَافْرِشْ ظَهْرَ قَدَمَيْكَ بِالْأَرْضِ ، وَضَعْ إِلْيَتَيْكَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْكَ ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَيْسَرُ عَلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي حِسَابِكَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ بَالِغْ فِي الْغُسْلِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ ، تَخْرُجْ مِنْ مُغْتَسَلِكَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ ذَنْبٌ وَلَا خَطِيئَةٌ ، قُلْتُ : بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي ، مَا الْمُبَالَغَةُ فِي الْغُسْلِ ؟ قَالَ : تَبُلُّ أُصُولَ الشَّعَرِ وَتُنَقِّي الْبَشَرَةَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ فِي بَيْتِكَ شَيْئًا فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّهُ يَكْثُرُ خَيْرُ بَيْتِكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ فَسَلِّمَ ، يَكُونُ بَرَكَةً عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ فَلَا يَقَعَنَّ بَصَرُكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَّا سَلَّمْتَ عَلَيْهِ ، تَرْجِعُ وَقَدْ زِيدَ فِي حَسَنَاتِكَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تُمْسِيَ وَتُصْبِحَ لَيْسَ فِي قَلْبِكَ غِشٌّ لِأَحَدٍ فَافْعَلْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا أَنَسُ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ فَلَا يَقَعَنَّ بَصَرُكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَّا ظَنَنْتَ أَنَّ لَهُ الْفَضْلَ عَلَيْكَ فَافْعَلْ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُنَّتِي ، فَمَنْ أَحْيَا سُنَّتِي فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي ، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّنِي كَانَ مَعِيَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ حَفِظْتَ وَصِيَّتِي فَلَا يَكُونُ شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِهَذَا التَّمَامِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، وَلَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ إِلَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، عَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَتَفَرَّدَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ عَبَّادٍ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ .
وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا أَوْصَانِي أَنْ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، اكْتُمْ سِرِّي تَكُنْ مُؤْمِنًا ، فَمَا أَخْبَرْتُ بِسِرِّهِ أَحَدًا قَطُّ ، وَإِنَّ أُمِّي وَأَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلُونِي ، فَمَا أَخْبَرْتُهُنَّ بِسِرِّهِ ، وَلَا أُخْبِرُ سِرَّهُ أَحَدًا أَبَدًا .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ أَسْبِغِ الْوُضُوءَ يُزَدْ فِي عُمُرِكَ ، وَيُحِبَّكَ حَافِظَاكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَلَّا تَبِيتَ إِلَّا عَلَى وُضُوءٍ فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاهُ الْمَوْتُ وَهُوَ عَلَى وُضُوءٍ أُعْطِيَ الشَّهَادَةَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَلَّا تَزَالَ تُصَلِّي فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَزَالُ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْكَ مَا دُمْتَ تُصَلِّي ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِيَّاكَ وَالِالْتِفَاتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ، فَإِنَّ الِالْتِفَاتَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ هَلَكَةٌ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَفِي التَّطَوُّعِ لَا فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا رَكَعْتَ فَضَعْ كَفَّيْكَ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْكَ ، وَفَرِّجْ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِكَ ، وَارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْكَ ، فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَمَكِّنْ لِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مَوْضِعَهُ ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَنْظُرُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَى مَنْ لَا يُقِيمُ صُلْبَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَلَا تَنْقُرْ كَمَا يَنْقُرُ الدِّيكُ ، وَلَا تُقْعِ كَمَا يُقْعِي الْكَلْبُ ، وَلَا تَفْرِشْ ذِرَاعَيْكَ الْأَرْضَ افْتِرَاشَ السَّبُعِ ، وَافْرِشْ ظَهْرَ قَدَمَيْكَ بِالْأَرْضِ ، وَضَعْ إِلْيَتَيْكَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْكَ ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَيْسَرُ عَلَيْكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي حِسَابِكَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ بَالِغْ فِي الْغُسْلِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ ، تَخْرُجْ مِنْ مُغْتَسَلِكَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ ذَنْبٌ وَلَا خَطِيئَةٌ ، قُلْتُ : بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي ، مَا الْمُبَالَغَةُ فِي الْغُسْلِ ؟ قَالَ : تَبُلُّ أُصُولَ الشَّعَرِ وَتُنَقِّي الْبَشَرَةَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ فِي بَيْتِكَ شَيْئًا فَافْعَلْ ، فَإِنَّهُ يَكْثُرُ خَيْرُ بَيْتِكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ فَسَلِّمَ ، يَكُونُ بَرَكَةً عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ فَلَا يَقَعَنَّ بَصَرُكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَّا سَلَّمْتَ عَلَيْهِ ، تَرْجِعُ وَقَدْ زِيدَ فِي حَسَنَاتِكَ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تُمْسِيَ وَتُصْبِحَ لَيْسَ فِي قَلْبِكَ غِشٌّ لِأَحَدٍ فَافْعَلْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا أَنَسُ إِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ فَلَا يَقَعَنَّ بَصَرُكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ إِلَّا ظَنَنْتَ أَنَّ لَهُ الْفَضْلَ عَلَيْكَ فَافْعَلْ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ سُنَّتِي ، فَمَنْ أَحْيَا سُنَّتِي فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي ، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّنِي كَانَ مَعِيَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي : يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ حَفِظْتَ وَصِيَّتِي فَلَا يَكُونُ شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِهَذَا التَّمَامِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ إِلَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، وَلَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ إِلَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، عَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَتَفَرَّدَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ عَبَّادٍ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ .
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah, I was eight years old at that time. My mother took me to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, all the men and women of the Ansar have presented gifts to you, except me. I have nothing to present to you except this son of mine, so accept him from me; he will serve you for as long as you see fit." So I served the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for ten years, and during that time he (peace and blessings be upon him) never struck me, never reviled me, and never frowned at me.
The very first advice he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me was: "My son, keep my secret, and you will be a believer." So I never told anyone his (peace and blessings be upon him) secret; even when my mother and the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked me, I did not tell them his (peace and blessings be upon him) secret, and I will never tell anyone.
Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "My son, perform ablution thoroughly; your life will be lengthened, and your two guardian angels will love you." Then he said: "My son, if you are able always to sleep only in a state of ablution, then do so, for whoever is overtaken by death while in a state of ablution is granted the rank of martyrdom."
Then he said: "My son, if you are able to keep praying constantly, then do so, for the angels keep praying for mercy for you as long as you are praying." Then he said: "My son, beware of looking around in prayer, for looking around in prayer is ruin; and if it cannot be avoided, then let it be in voluntary prayer, not in obligatory prayer."
Then he said to me: "My son, when you bow, place your palms on your knees, spread your fingers apart, and keep your arms away from your sides. Then when you raise your head from bowing, let every limb settle in its place, for Allah Almighty will not look (with mercy) on the Day of Resurrection at the one who does not straighten his back." Then he said to me: "My son, when you prostrate, do not peck like a rooster pecks, do not squat (iq'a') like a dog squats, and do not spread your forearms on the ground like a beast of prey. Lay the tops of your feet on the ground and place your buttocks on your heels, for that will be easier for you in your reckoning on the Day of Resurrection."
Then he said to me: "My son, be thorough in the ritual bath (ghusl) from major impurity (janabah); you will come out of your bathing place with no sin and no fault upon you." I said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! What is meant by thoroughness in the ritual bath?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "To wet the roots of the hair and to cleanse the skin well."
Then he said to me: "My son, if you are able to offer some of your prayer in your house, then do so, for it will increase the good of your house." Then he said to me: "My son, when you enter upon your family, give the greeting of salam; it will be a blessing for you and for the people of your house." Then he said to me: "My son, when you leave your family, let your eye fall on no one of the people of the qiblah without your greeting him with salam; you will return with your good deeds increased."
Then he said: "My son, if you are able to spend your evenings and mornings with no ill will in your heart towards anyone, then do so." Then he said to me: "O Anas, when you leave your family, let your eye fall on no one of the people of the qiblah without your considering him better than yourself; if you are able, then do so."
Then he said to me: "My son, all of this is part of my Sunnah. Whoever revives my Sunnah has loved me, and whoever loves me will be with me in Paradise."
Then he said to me: "My son, if you preserve this advice of mine, nothing will be dearer to you than death."
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No one narrated this hadith in this full detail from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib except Ali bin Zayd, and no one narrated it from Ali bin Zayd except Abdullah bin al-Muthanna. Muslim bin Hatim is alone in narrating it from al-Ansari, from his father, and Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Abi Yazid is alone in narrating it from Abbad al-Minqari."
The very first advice he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me was: "My son, keep my secret, and you will be a believer." So I never told anyone his (peace and blessings be upon him) secret; even when my mother and the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked me, I did not tell them his (peace and blessings be upon him) secret, and I will never tell anyone.
Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "My son, perform ablution thoroughly; your life will be lengthened, and your two guardian angels will love you." Then he said: "My son, if you are able always to sleep only in a state of ablution, then do so, for whoever is overtaken by death while in a state of ablution is granted the rank of martyrdom."
Then he said: "My son, if you are able to keep praying constantly, then do so, for the angels keep praying for mercy for you as long as you are praying." Then he said: "My son, beware of looking around in prayer, for looking around in prayer is ruin; and if it cannot be avoided, then let it be in voluntary prayer, not in obligatory prayer."
Then he said to me: "My son, when you bow, place your palms on your knees, spread your fingers apart, and keep your arms away from your sides. Then when you raise your head from bowing, let every limb settle in its place, for Allah Almighty will not look (with mercy) on the Day of Resurrection at the one who does not straighten his back." Then he said to me: "My son, when you prostrate, do not peck like a rooster pecks, do not squat (iq'a') like a dog squats, and do not spread your forearms on the ground like a beast of prey. Lay the tops of your feet on the ground and place your buttocks on your heels, for that will be easier for you in your reckoning on the Day of Resurrection."
Then he said to me: "My son, be thorough in the ritual bath (ghusl) from major impurity (janabah); you will come out of your bathing place with no sin and no fault upon you." I said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! What is meant by thoroughness in the ritual bath?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "To wet the roots of the hair and to cleanse the skin well."
Then he said to me: "My son, if you are able to offer some of your prayer in your house, then do so, for it will increase the good of your house." Then he said to me: "My son, when you enter upon your family, give the greeting of salam; it will be a blessing for you and for the people of your house." Then he said to me: "My son, when you leave your family, let your eye fall on no one of the people of the qiblah without your greeting him with salam; you will return with your good deeds increased."
Then he said: "My son, if you are able to spend your evenings and mornings with no ill will in your heart towards anyone, then do so." Then he said to me: "O Anas, when you leave your family, let your eye fall on no one of the people of the qiblah without your considering him better than yourself; if you are able, then do so."
Then he said to me: "My son, all of this is part of my Sunnah. Whoever revives my Sunnah has loved me, and whoever loves me will be with me in Paradise."
Then he said to me: "My son, if you preserve this advice of mine, nothing will be dearer to you than death."
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No one narrated this hadith in this full detail from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib except Ali bin Zayd, and no one narrated it from Ali bin Zayd except Abdullah bin al-Muthanna. Muslim bin Hatim is alone in narrating it from al-Ansari, from his father, and Muhammad bin al-Hasan bin Abi Yazid is alone in narrating it from Abbad al-Minqari."
