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المعجم الأوسط
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat (Tabarani)
باب الباء
Names Beginning with the Letter Ba
مَنِ اسْمُهُ بَكْرٌ
Those Named Bakr
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 3250 — Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik, who was one
وَبِهِ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، قَالَ : نَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ غَزِيَّةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَكَانَ أَحَدَ النَّفَرِ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تَابَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ : كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ ادَّانَ بِدَيْنٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَحَاطَ ذَلِكَ بِمَالِهِ ، وَكَانَ مُعَاذٌ مِنْ صُلَحَاءِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَا جَعَلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي حِينَ أَسْلَمْتُ أَنْ أَبْخَلَ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ بِمَالٍ مَلَكْتُهُ ، وَإِنِّي أَنْفَقْتُ مَالِي فِي أَمْرِ الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَأَبْقَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ دَيْنًا عَظِيمًا ، فَادْعُ غُرَمَائِي فَاسْتَرْفِقْهُمْ ، فَإِنْ أَرْفَقُوا بِي فَسَبِيلُ ذَلِكَ ، وَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاخْلَعْنِي لَهُمْ مِنْ مَالِي ، قَالَ : فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غُرَمَاءَهُ ، فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَرْفُقُوا بِهِ فَقَالُوا : نَحْنُ نُحِبُّ أَمْوَالَنَا ، I " فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَالَ مُعَاذٍ كُلَّهُ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا عَلَى بَعْضِ الْيَمَنِ لِيَجْبُرَهُ I " ، فَأَصَابَ مُعَاذٌ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مَرَافِقِ الْإِمَارَةِ مَالًا ، فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمُعَاذٌ بِالْيَمَنِ ، فَارْتَدَّ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ مُعَاذٌ وَأُمَرَاءُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَّرَهُمْ عَلَى الْيَمَنِ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ، ثُمَّ قَدِمَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ بِمَالٍ عَظِيمٍ ، وَأَتَاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّكَ قَدِمْتَ بِمَالٍ عَظِيمٍ ، وَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تَأْتِيَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَتَسْتَحِلَّ مِنْهُ ، فَإِنْ أَحَلَّهُ لَكَ طَابَ لَكَ ، وَإِلَّا دَفَعْتَهُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ : لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ يَا عُمَرُ ، مَا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا لِيَجْبُرَنِي حِينَ دَفَعَ مَالِي إِلَى غُرَمَائِي ، وَمَا كُنْتُ لِأَدْفَعَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ شَيْئًا مِمَّا جِئْتُ بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْأَلَنِيهِ ، فَإِنْ سَأَلَنِيهِ دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَأْخُذْ أَمْسَكْتُهُ I " ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ : إِنِّي لَمْ آلُكَ وَنَفْسِي إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، ثُمَّ قَامَ عُمَرُ ، فَانْصَرَفَ ، فَلَمَّا وَلَّى دَعَاهُ ، فَعَادَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي مُطِيعُكَ ، وَلَوْلَا رُؤْيَا رَأَيْتُهَا لَمْ أُطِعْكَ ، إِنِّي رَأَيْتُنِي فِي نَوْمِي غَرِقْتُ فِي حَوْمَةِ مَاءٍ ، فَأَرَاكَ أَخَذْتَ بِيَدِي ، فَأَنْجَيْتَنِي مِنْهَا ، فَانْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى دَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ ، فَذَكَرَ لَهُ مُعَاذٌ كَنَحْوٍ مِمَّا كَلَّمَ بِهِ عُمَرُ فِيمَا كَانَ مِنْ غُرَمَائِهِ ، وَمَا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ جَبْرِهِ ، ثُمَّ أَعْلَمَهُ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنَ الْمَالِ ، حَتَّى قَالَ : وَسَوْطِي هَذَا مِمَّا جِئْتُ بِهِ ، فَمَا رَأَيْتَ فَخُذْ ، وَمَا رَأَيْتَ فَأَطِبْهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : هُوَ لَكَ كُلُّهُ يَا مُعَاذُ ، فَالْتَفَتَ عُمَرُ إِلَى مُعَاذٍ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مُعَاذُ ، هَذَا حِينَ طَابَ لَكَ ، فَكَانَ مُعَاذٌ مِنْ أَكْثَرِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَالًا ، وَكَانَ مُعَاذٌ أَوَّلَ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ مَالًا مِنْ مَرَافِقِ الْإِمَارَةِ .
قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : فَمَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي مُعَاذِ بِأَنْ خَلَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَالِهِ ، وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِبَيْعِهِ ، وَفِي رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِهَذَا التَّمَامِ إِلَّا يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ ، وَعُمَارَةُ بْنُ غَزِيَّةَ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ .
قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : فَمَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي مُعَاذِ بِأَنْ خَلَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَالِهِ ، وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِبَيْعِهِ ، وَفِي رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِهَذَا التَّمَامِ إِلَّا يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ ، وَعُمَارَةُ بْنُ غَزِيَّةَ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ .
Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of the three people whose repentance Allah Almighty accepted, relates: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) took on debt until the debt engulfed all his wealth, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) was one of the pious and righteous Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah, when I accepted Islam I did not resolve in my heart to be stingy towards Islam with any wealth I owned, and I spent my wealth on the affairs of Islam, and as a result a heavy debt has remained upon me. So call my creditors and ask them to be lenient; if they are lenient with me, then well and good, and if they refuse, then hand my wealth over to them and release me from it." The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called his creditors and proposed to them that they be lenient with him, but they said: "We love our wealth." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) handed all of Sayyiduna Mu'adh's (may Allah be pleased with him) wealth over to them. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) as governor over part of Yemen, so that his loss could be made good through it. Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) acquired wealth in Yemen from the benefits and facilities of governorship. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away while Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) was still in Yemen. During that time some of the people of Yemen apostatised, so Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) and the other governors whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed over Yemen fought them until they entered Islam again. Then, during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) came with a great deal of wealth. Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him and said: "You have come with a great deal of wealth. My opinion is that you go to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and have him make this wealth lawful for you; if he makes it lawful for you, it will be pure for you, otherwise give this wealth to him." Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Umar, you know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me only so that my loss would be made good, when he (peace and blessings be upon him) had my wealth handed over to my creditors. And I will not give Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) anything of what I have brought unless he asks me for it; if he asks me for it, I will give it to him, and if he does not take it, I will keep it." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "I have wanted nothing but good for you and for myself." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) got up and went back. When he turned his back and left, Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) called him, and when he came back, he said: "I will follow your advice, and were it not for a dream that I have seen, I would not follow your advice. I saw myself in my sleep drowning in a whirlpool of water, and I saw you take hold of my hand and rescue me from it. So come with us to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)." Then the two of them went until they came to him. Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) told him about the matter of his creditors and the intention of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to make good his loss, just as he had told Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he informed him about the wealth he had brought, until he said: "Even this whip of mine is part of the wealth I have brought; take whatever you see fit, and make lawful for me whatever you see fit." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "O Mu'adh, all of it is yours." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "O Mu'adh, now this wealth has become pure for you." So Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) became one of the wealthiest of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was the first person to acquire wealth from the facilities of governorship.
Imam Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In the case of Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), the Sunnah was established that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) released him from his wealth and did not order him to be sold, and in the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) there is an excellent example."
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No one narrated this hadith from al-Zuhri in this complete detail except Yazid bin Abi Habib and Umarah bin Ghaziyyah, and Ibn Lahi'ah is alone in narrating it."
Imam Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In the case of Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him), the Sunnah was established that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) released him from his wealth and did not order him to be sold, and in the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) there is an excellent example."
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No one narrated this hadith from al-Zuhri in this complete detail except Yazid bin Abi Habib and Umarah bin Ghaziyyah, and Ibn Lahi'ah is alone in narrating it."
