المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب السيرة والمغازي
Book of the Sirah and the Military Expeditions
بَابُ إسلام عمر رضي اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
The acceptance of Islam by Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)
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قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْلَى ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُؤَمَّلِ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : كَانَ أَوَّلُ إِسْلَامِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : ضَرَبَ أُخْتِي الْمَخَاضُ لَيْلًا ، فَخَرَجْتُ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ فَدَخَلْتُ فِي أَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ قَارَّةٍ ، قَالَ : فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلَ الْحِجْرَ وَعَلَيْهِ نَعْلَاهُ ، فَصَلَّى مَا شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ ، قَالَ : فَسَمِعْتُ شَيْئًا لَمْ أَسْمَعْ مِثْلَهُ ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ : عُمَرُ ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا عُمَرُ ، مَا تَتْرُكُنِي لَيْلًا وَلَا نَهَارًا ، قَالَ : فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ عَلَيَّ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ، وَأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا عُمَرُ ، اسْتُرْهُ قُلْتُ : لَا ، وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَأُعْلِنَنَّهُ كَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ بِالشِّرْكِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the account of Sayyiduna Umar's (may Allah be pleased with him) acceptance of Islam is as follows; he stated: "One night my sister went into labour «al-makhad» (the pain of childbirth), so I went out of the house (in agitation) and on a bitterly cold night hid myself among the coverings of the House of Allah. Meanwhile the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came and entered the Hatim (al-Hijr), wearing his sandals. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for as long as Allah willed and then turned away from there." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) relates: "I heard from him (peace and blessings be upon him) (in his recitation) speech the like of which I had never heard before. So I came out (from the coverings) and followed him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: 'Who is this?' I said: 'Umar.' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O Umar, will you not leave me alone, neither by night nor by day?'" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: "I feared that he (peace and blessings be upon him) might supplicate against me, so I immediately said: «Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah, wa annaka Rasul Allah» 'I bear witness that there is no god worthy of worship but Allah, and that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah.' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O Umar, keep it hidden (for now).' I said: 'Never! By the One who sent you with the truth, I will certainly declare it openly, just as I declared polytheism openly.'"
[Musnad Abi Ya'la: 4229; its chain contains Abdullah bin al-Mu'ammal, who is da'if (weak) because of his memory.]
[Musnad Abi Ya'la: 4229; its chain contains Abdullah bin al-Mu'ammal, who is da'if (weak) because of his memory.]
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَزْرَقُ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ أَبُو الْعَلَاءِ الْبَصْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ لَقِيَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ وَهُوَ مُتَقَلِّدٌ السَّيْفَ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْنَ تَعْمِدُ يَا عُمَرُ ؟ فَقَالَ : أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَ مُحَمَّدًا ، قَالَ : وَكَيْفَ تَأْمَنُ فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَوْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ وَقَدْ قَتَلْتَ مُحَمَّدًا ؟ قَالَ : مَا أَرَاكَ إِلَّا قَدْ صَبَوْتَ وَتَرَكْتَ دِينَكَ الَّذِي أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : أَفَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى الْعَجَبِ يَا عُمَرُ ؟ إِنَّ خَتَنَكَ وَأُخْتَكَ قَدْ صَبَوَا وَتَرَكَا دِينَهُمَا الَّذِي هُمَا عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَمَشَى إِلَيْهِمَا ذَامِرًا ، قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : يَعْنِي مُتَغَضِّبًا ، حَتَّى دَنَا مِنَ الْبَابِ وَعِنْدَهُمَا رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ : خَبَّابٌ ، يُقْرِئُهُمَا سُورَةَ طه ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ خَبَّابٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حِسَّ عُمَرَ دَخَلَ تَحْتَ سَرِيرٍ لَهُمَا ، فَقَالَ : مَا هَذِهِ الْهَيْنَمَةُ الَّتِي سَمِعْتُهَا عِنْدَكُمْ ؟ قَالَا : مَا عِنْدَنَا حَدِيثٌ تَحَدَّثْنَا بَيْنَنَا ، فَقَالَ : لَعَلَّكُمَا صَبَوْتُمَا وَتَرَكْتُمَا دِينَكُمَا الَّذِي أَنْتُمَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَ خَتَنُهُ : يَا عُمَرُ ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ الْحَقُّ فِي غَيْرِ دِينِكَ ؟ قَالَ : فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى خَتَنِهِ فَوَطِئَهُ وَطْئًا شَدِيدًا ، قَالَ : فَدَفَعَتْهُ أُخْتُهُ عَنْ زَوْجِهَا ، فَضَرَبَ وَجْهَهَا فَدَمِيَ وَجْهُهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ الْحَقُّ فِي غَيْرِ دِينِكَ ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَرُونِي هَذَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ تَقْرَؤُونَ قَالَ : وَكَانَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقْرَأُ الْكُتُبَ ، فَقَالَتْ أُخْتُهُ : لَا ، أَنْتَ رِجْسٌ ، أَعْطِنَا مَوْثِقًا مِنَ اللهِ تَعَالَى لَتَرُدَّنَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَقُمْ فَاغْتَسِلْ وَتَوَضَّأْ ، قَالَ : فَفَعَلَ ، قَالَ : فَقَرَأَ : طه مَا أَنْـزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : دُلُّونِي عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ خَبَّابٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَلَامَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَبْشِرْ يَا عُمَرُ ، فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ دَعْوَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَكَ عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ : اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الدِّينَ بِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ بِعَمْرِو بْنِ هِشَامٍ ، فَقَالُوا : هُوَ فِي الدَّارِ الَّتِي فِي أَصْلِ الصَّفَا ، يَعْنِي : النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ ، فَانْطَلَقَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، وَعَلَى الْبَابِ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَأُنَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى حَمْزَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَجِلَ الْقَوْمُ مِنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، هَذَا عُمَرُ فَإِنْ يُرِدِ اللهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُسْلِمْ وَيَتَّبِعِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَإِنْ يَكُنْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ يَكُنْ قَتْلُهُ عَلَيْنَا هَيِّنًا ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَخَذَ بِمَجَامِعِ ثَوْبِهِ وَحَمَائِلِ السَّيْفِ ، فَقَالَ : مَا أَنْتَ مُنْتَهِي يَا عُمَرُ حَتَّى يُنْزِلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِكَ الْخِزْيَ وَالنَّكَالَ مَا أَنْزَلَ بِالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ، اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الدِّينَ بِعُمَرَ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، فَأَسْلَمَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : اخْرُجْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ .
4230 \ 2 - حَدَّثَنَا مُجَاهِدُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ الْأَزْرَقُ ، فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ .
4230 \ 3 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ ، فَذَكَرَهُ نَحْوَهُ .
وَأَوَّلَهُ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ : اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الدِّينَ بِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ بِعَمْرِو بْنِ هِشَامٍ ، قَالَ : فَتَقَلَّدَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ السَّيْفَ ، فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ ... الْحَدِيثَ .
4230 \ 2 - حَدَّثَنَا مُجَاهِدُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ الْأَزْرَقُ ، فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ .
4230 \ 3 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ ، فَذَكَرَهُ نَحْوَهُ .
وَأَوَّلَهُ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشِيَّةَ الْخَمِيسِ : اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الدِّينَ بِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ بِعَمْرِو بْنِ هِشَامٍ ، قَالَ : فَتَقَلَّدَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ السَّيْفَ ، فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ ... الْحَدِيثَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man of the tribe of Banu Zuhrah met Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) before he accepted Islam, while he had a sword hanging from his shoulder. The man asked: "O Umar, where are you heading?" He replied: "I want to kill (Allah forbid) Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)." The man said: "If you kill Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), how will you save your life from Banu Hashim and Banu Zuhrah?" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I think you too have abandoned your religion and left the old religion you were upon." He said: "O Umar, shall I not tell you something even more astonishing than this? Your brother-in-law and your sister have also abandoned their religion and become Sabians (converts)." On hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) set off towards them in a state of intense anger, until, when he came near the door, there was a man called Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him) who was teaching the two of them Surah Taha. When Sayyiduna Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him) sensed the sound of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he hid under a bed in the house. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) (entering) asked: "What was this murmuring (humming) that I heard with you?" They said: "There was nothing in particular with us; we were merely talking among ourselves." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Perhaps you two have turned away from your ancestral religion?" His brother-in-law said: "O Umar, just tell me, what is your view if the truth lies in a religion other than yours (Islam)?" On hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) fell upon his brother-in-law and beat him very severely. His sister came forward to save her husband, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) struck her on the face, so that it became bloodied. Then his sister said (with great resolve and certainty): "If the truth is somewhere other than in your religion, then listen! I bear witness that there is no god worthy of worship but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and His Messenger." Seeing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) (softened somewhat and) said: "Show me that writing which you were reading." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) knew how to read and write. His sister said: "No, you are impure (because of polytheism). First make a firm pledge in the name of Allah that after reading it you will return it to us; then get up, take a ritual bath (ghusl) and perform ablution (wudu)." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did so. Then he read that writing, in which were written the verses from {Ta Ha. We have not sent down the Qur'an to you that you be distressed} [Surah Taha: 1-2] up to the words of Allah Almighty {And establish prayer for My remembrance. Indeed, the Hour is coming; I almost conceal it} [Surah Taha: 14-15]. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) (deeply moved) said: "Show me where Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is." When Sayyiduna Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he came out and said: "O Umar, rejoice! I have strong hope that the supplication the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made for you on Thursday evening has been accepted. He (peace and blessings be upon him) had implored: «Allahumma a'izz al-dina bi-Umar bin al-Khattab aw bi-Amr bin Hisham» 'O Allah, grant dominance and honour to the religion of Islam through Umar bin al-Khattab or Amr bin Hisham.'" They told him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was at that time in a house at the foot of Mount Safa, and revelation was coming down upon him (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived there, and at the door were Sayyiduna Hamzah bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) and other Companions. When Sayyiduna Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) saw that the people were frightened by the awe of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: "Yes, this is Umar. If Allah intends good for him, he will accept Islam; and if the situation turns out otherwise, killing him will be a very easy matter for us." Meanwhile the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out, took firm hold of Sayyiduna Umar's (may Allah be pleased with him) clothes and sword-belt, and said: "O Umar, will you not desist until Allah Almighty sends down upon you the same humiliation and exemplary punishment that He sent down upon al-Walid bin al-Mughirah? O Allah, this is Umar bin al-Khattab; O Allah, grant honour and strength to the religion through Umar." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) exclaimed: "I bear witness that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah," and he entered the fold of Islam. Then he said: "O Messenger of Allah, now (go out and) proclaim (Islam)."
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated this hadith, and its other routes are also narrated from Mujahid bin Musa and Abd al-Rahman al-Basri with the same meaning. At the beginning of one narration it is also explicitly stated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated on Thursday evening: «Allahumma a'izz al-dina bi-Umar bin al-Khattab aw bi-Amr bin Hisham» "O Allah, grant dominance to the religion through Umar bin al-Khattab or Amr bin Hisham." After this, the incident of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) setting out with his sword hanging and meeting the man of Banu Zuhrah is mentioned in detail.
Imam Abu Ya'la narrated this hadith, and its other routes are also narrated from Mujahid bin Musa and Abd al-Rahman al-Basri with the same meaning. At the beginning of one narration it is also explicitly stated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated on Thursday evening: «Allahumma a'izz al-dina bi-Umar bin al-Khattab aw bi-Amr bin Hisham» "O Allah, grant dominance to the religion through Umar bin al-Khattab or Amr bin Hisham." After this, the incident of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) setting out with his sword hanging and meeting the man of Banu Zuhrah is mentioned in detail.
