المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الخلافة والإمارة
Book of the Caliphate and Leadership
بَابُ أجر الحاكم إِذَا اجتهد فِي الحق
The reward of the judge when he strives to reach the truth
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، ثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ - رَجُلٍ مِنْ آلِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ - أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، حِينَ اسْتُخْلِفَ قَعَدَ فِي بَيْتِهِ حَزِينًا ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ يَلُومُهُ ، وَقَالَ : أَنْتَ كَلَّفْتَنِي هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَشَكَى إِلَيْهِ الْحُكْمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ . فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَوَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : إِنَّ الْوَالِيَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ الْحَقَّ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ ، وَإِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَخْطَأَ الْحَقَّ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ وَاحِدٌ ، فَكَأَنَّهُ سَهَّلَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا .
It is narrated from Musa bin Ibrahim (a man from the family of Abu Rabi'ah) that it reached him that when Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) was chosen as caliph, he sat in his house in sorrow. Then Sayyiduna Umar al-Faruq (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to him and began reproaching him, and said: "It was you who burdened me with this affair (the caliphate)," and he complained of the heavy responsibility of judging (al-hukm) between people. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Indeed, when the ruler exercises ijtihad (careful judgement) (in a matter) and reaches the truth, he has two rewards; and if he exercises ijtihad and errs in reaching the truth, he (still) has one reward.'" So it was as though this hadith related by Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the matter easy for Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him).
This narration is mursal, because Musa bin Ibrahim's hearing from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) is not established; however, the text of this hadith exists with a sahih chain in the Sahihayn and other books of hadith.
This narration is mursal, because Musa bin Ibrahim's hearing from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) is not established; however, the text of this hadith exists with a sahih chain in the Sahihayn and other books of hadith.
قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مُحْرِزُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ ، ثَنَا فَرَجُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ خَصْمَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا عَمْرُو ، اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا . قُلْتُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَنْتَ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ . قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَإِنْ كَانَ . قُلْتُ : عَلَى مَاذَا أَقْضِي ؟ قَالَ : عَلَى إِنْ أَصَبْتَ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَلَكَ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ ، وَإِنِ اجْتَهَدْتَ فَأَخْطَأْتَ فَلَكَ حَسَنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ .
قُلْتُ : فَرَجٌ ضَعِيفٌ وَالْحَدِيثُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِغَيْرِ السِّيَاقِ ، وَفِيهِ : إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ .
قُلْتُ : فَرَجٌ ضَعِيفٌ وَالْحَدِيثُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِغَيْرِ السِّيَاقِ ، وَفِيهِ : إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him), that he said: Two disputing parties came with their quarrel to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Amr, judge between the two of them." I said: "O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you (peace and blessings be upon him) are more entitled to that (judging)." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Even if that is so (you still judge)." I said: "On what basis shall I judge?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "On the basis that if you judge correctly between them, you will have ten good deeds, and if you exert your utmost effort (ijtihad) but err, you will have one good deed."
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Faraj bin Fadalah is a weak narrator, and this hadith is in the two Sahihs from Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) but with a different wording (siyaq), and in it are these words: "When (the judge) exerts his effort (ijtihad) and reaches the correct judgement, he has two rewards."
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Faraj bin Fadalah is a weak narrator, and this hadith is in the two Sahihs from Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) but with a different wording (siyaq), and in it are these words: "When (the judge) exerts his effort (ijtihad) and reaches the correct judgement, he has two rewards."
وَبِهِ إِلَى فَرَجٍ ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ ، يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ عَمْرٍو إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ : أُجُورٌ بَدَلَ حَسَنَاتٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him), who attributes it (marfu') to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he mentioned the like of the hadith of Amr, except that in it the word "ujur" (rewards) is narrated in place of "hasanat" (good deeds).
The chain of this hadith is narrated by way of Faraj bin Fadalah from Rabi'ah bin Yazid.
The chain of this hadith is narrated by way of Faraj bin Fadalah from Rabi'ah bin Yazid.
