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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ الكذب والظلم
Chapter: Prohibition of lying and oppression
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2628 — Prohibition of lying and oppression
اُردوEn
قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَامِعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ ، عَنِ الزِّبْرِقَانِ ، عَنِ النَّوَّاسِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَصْلُحُ الْكَذِبُ إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثَةٍ : يَكْذِبُ فِي الْحَرْبِ ، وَالْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ ، وَالرَّجُلُ يَكْذِبُ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمَا ، وَالرَّجُلُ يَكْذِبُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ لِيُرْضِيَهَا " .
خَالَفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، رَوَاهُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ ، عَنْ شَهْرٍ مُرْسَلًا .
وَخَالَفَ دَاوُدُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ ، رَوَاهُ عَنْ شَهْرٍ ، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ رَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ ، وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ مُطَوَّلًا .
2628 \ 2 - قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَنْبَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى أَبُو هَمَّامٍ ، ثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ ، قَالَ : بُعِثَ ( ح ) .
2628 \ 3 - قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الضَّبِّيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ بِهَذَا السَّنَدِ ، قَالَ : بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَرِيَّةً ، فَمَرُّوا بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ ، اجْزُرْ لَنَا شَاةً ، قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُمْ بِعَتُودٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهِ ، فَذَبَحُوهَا ، قَالَ : فَظَلُّوا يَطْبُخُونَ وَيَشْوُونَ ، حَتَّى انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ ، وَأَظَلَّ بِظِلِّهِ عَلَى غَنَمِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ ، أَخْرِجْ لَنَا غَنَمَكَ ، حَتَّى نَقِيلَ فِي الْمِظَلَّةِ ، قَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللهَ ، فَإِنَّهَا وُلَّدٌ ، فَإِنْ أَنَا أَخْرَجْتُهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ طَرَحَتْ ، فَقَالُوا : أَنْفُسُنَا أَعَزُّ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ غَنَمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَأَخْرَجُوهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ ، فَطَرَحَتْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ رَاحُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ ، وَتَرَكُوهُ ، حَتَّى أَتَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَإِذَا بِهِ قَدْ سَبَقَهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ ، فَلَمَّا جَاؤُوا سَأَلَهُمْ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَمَّا ذَكَرَ ، فَأَنْكَرُوا ، فَاعْتَمَدَ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا فُلَانُ ، إِنْ كَانَ مَا فِي أَصْحَابِكَ خَيْرٌ ، فَعَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَكَ ، اصْدُقْنِي " ، فَقَالَ : صَدَقَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، الْخَبَرُ مِثْلُ مَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَتَهَافَتُونَ فِي الْكَذِبِ تَهَافُتَ الْفَرَاشِ فِي النَّارِ ، كُلُّ كَذِبٍ مَكْتُوبٌ لَا مَحَالَةَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْحَرْبِ ، فَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ خَدْعَةٌ ، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمَا ، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ لِيُرْضِيَهَا " .
خَالَفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، رَوَاهُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ ، عَنْ شَهْرٍ مُرْسَلًا .
وَخَالَفَ دَاوُدُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ ، رَوَاهُ عَنْ شَهْرٍ ، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ رَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ ، وَرَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ مُطَوَّلًا .
2628 \ 2 - قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَنْبَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى أَبُو هَمَّامٍ ، ثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ ، قَالَ : بُعِثَ ( ح ) .
2628 \ 3 - قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الضَّبِّيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ بِهَذَا السَّنَدِ ، قَالَ : بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَرِيَّةً ، فَمَرُّوا بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ ، اجْزُرْ لَنَا شَاةً ، قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُمْ بِعَتُودٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهِ ، فَذَبَحُوهَا ، قَالَ : فَظَلُّوا يَطْبُخُونَ وَيَشْوُونَ ، حَتَّى انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ ، وَأَظَلَّ بِظِلِّهِ عَلَى غَنَمِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ ، أَخْرِجْ لَنَا غَنَمَكَ ، حَتَّى نَقِيلَ فِي الْمِظَلَّةِ ، قَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللهَ ، فَإِنَّهَا وُلَّدٌ ، فَإِنْ أَنَا أَخْرَجْتُهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ طَرَحَتْ ، فَقَالُوا : أَنْفُسُنَا أَعَزُّ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ غَنَمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَأَخْرَجُوهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ ، فَطَرَحَتْ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ رَاحُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ ، وَتَرَكُوهُ ، حَتَّى أَتَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَإِذَا بِهِ قَدْ سَبَقَهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ ، فَلَمَّا جَاؤُوا سَأَلَهُمْ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَمَّا ذَكَرَ ، فَأَنْكَرُوا ، فَاعْتَمَدَ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا فُلَانُ ، إِنْ كَانَ مَا فِي أَصْحَابِكَ خَيْرٌ ، فَعَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَكَ ، اصْدُقْنِي " ، فَقَالَ : صَدَقَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، الْخَبَرُ مِثْلُ مَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَتَهَافَتُونَ فِي الْكَذِبِ تَهَافُتَ الْفَرَاشِ فِي النَّارِ ، كُلُّ كَذِبٍ مَكْتُوبٌ لَا مَحَالَةَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْحَرْبِ ، فَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ خَدْعَةٌ ، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمَا ، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ لِيُرْضِيَهَا " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Nawwas bin Sam'an (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Lying is not permissible except in three situations: first, that a person lies in war, for war is stratagem and deception; second, that he resorts to a lie to bring about peace and reconciliation between two people; and third, that a husband tells his wife an (affectionate) untruth to please and gladden her."
Yahya bin Abi Za'idah contradicted Dawud in this narration and reported it from Shahr as mursal; and Dawud also contradicted Abdullah bin Uthman bin Khuthaym, who narrated it through Shahr from Sayyidah Asma' bint Yazid (may Allah be pleased with her), and Isma'il bin Ayyash reported it from Ibn Khuthaym in detail.
It is narrated from Shahr bin Hawshab that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a small detachment on a military expedition. On the way they passed by a Bedouin and said to him: O Bedouin, slaughter a goat for us. He brought a one-year-old young goat from his flock, which they slaughtered, and they cooked and roasted it until midday. Meanwhile, the Bedouin was sitting with his goats in the shade of a shelter. The men of the detachment said to him: O Bedouin, take your goats out of here so that we can take our midday rest (qaylulah) here. He said: I implore you by Allah not to do so, for these goats are pregnant; if I take them out and the hot wind strikes them, they will lose their young. But they replied: Our own lives are dearer to us than your goats. So they forcibly drove the goats out into the sun, and because of the heat they miscarried. Then they set off from there, but when they reached Madinah they found that the Bedouin had already reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) before them and had told him the whole story. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked them about it, they denied it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed one man among them and said: "O so-and-so, if there is any good left in your companions, I hope it will be with you, so tell me the truth." He said: O Messenger of Allah, the Bedouin has spoken the truth; the matter is exactly as he described it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You are rushing headlong into lying just as moths fall into fire. Remember! Every lie is inevitably recorded (in the record of deeds), except that a person lies in war, for war is a stratagem and tactic, or lies to make peace between two men, or a husband tells his wife an (agreeable) untruth to please her."
Yahya bin Abi Za'idah contradicted Dawud in this narration and reported it from Shahr as mursal; and Dawud also contradicted Abdullah bin Uthman bin Khuthaym, who narrated it through Shahr from Sayyidah Asma' bint Yazid (may Allah be pleased with her), and Isma'il bin Ayyash reported it from Ibn Khuthaym in detail.
It is narrated from Shahr bin Hawshab that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a small detachment on a military expedition. On the way they passed by a Bedouin and said to him: O Bedouin, slaughter a goat for us. He brought a one-year-old young goat from his flock, which they slaughtered, and they cooked and roasted it until midday. Meanwhile, the Bedouin was sitting with his goats in the shade of a shelter. The men of the detachment said to him: O Bedouin, take your goats out of here so that we can take our midday rest (qaylulah) here. He said: I implore you by Allah not to do so, for these goats are pregnant; if I take them out and the hot wind strikes them, they will lose their young. But they replied: Our own lives are dearer to us than your goats. So they forcibly drove the goats out into the sun, and because of the heat they miscarried. Then they set off from there, but when they reached Madinah they found that the Bedouin had already reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) before them and had told him the whole story. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked them about it, they denied it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed one man among them and said: "O so-and-so, if there is any good left in your companions, I hope it will be with you, so tell me the truth." He said: O Messenger of Allah, the Bedouin has spoken the truth; the matter is exactly as he described it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You are rushing headlong into lying just as moths fall into fire. Remember! Every lie is inevitably recorded (in the record of deeds), except that a person lies in war, for war is a stratagem and tactic, or lies to make peace between two men, or a husband tells his wife an (agreeable) untruth to please her."
