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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب العلم
Book of Knowledge
بَابُ ذَهَابِ الْعِلْمِ .
The departure of knowledge
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 976
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ : لَمَّا كَانَ فِي حِجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُرْدِفُ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَلَى جَمَلٍ آدَمَ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، خُذُوا مِنَ الْعِلْمِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْبَضَ الْعَلْمُ ، وَقَبْلَ أَنْ يُرْفَعَ " وَقَدْ كَانَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - ( يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَسْأَلُوا عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ وَإِنْ تَسْأَلُوا عَنْهَا حِينَ يُنَزَّلُ الْقُرْآنُ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ . قَالَ : وَكُنَّا قَدْ كَرِهْنَا كَثِيرًا مِنْ مَسْأَلَتِهِ ، وَاتَّقَيْنَا ذَلِكَ حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - ذَلِكَ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : فَأَتَيْنَا أَعْرَابِيًّا فَرَشَوْنَاهُ بِرِدَاءٍ فَاعْتَمَّ بِهِ . قَالَ : حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ حَاشِيَتَهُ خَارِجَةً عَلَى حَاجِبِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ . قَالَ : ثُمَّ قُلْنَا لَهُ : سَلِ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ لَهُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ يُرْفَعُ الْعِلْمُ مِنَّا وَبَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا الْمَصَاحِفُ ، وَقَدْ تَعَلَّمْنَا مَا فِيهَا ، وَعَلَّمْنَاهَا نِسَاءَنَا وَذَرَارِيَّنَا وَخَدَمَنَا ؟ قَالَ : فَرَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - رَأْسَهُ وَقَدْ عَلَتْ وَجْهَهُ حُمْرَةٌ مِنَ الْغَضَبِ . قَالَ : فَقَالَ : " أَيْ ، ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكَ ، وَهَذِهِ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمُ الْمَصَاحِفُ لَمْ يُصْبِحُوا يَتَعَلَّقُوا مِنْهَا بِحَرْفٍ مِمَّا جَاءَتْهُمْ بِهِ أَنْبِيَاؤُهُمْ ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ ذَهَابَ الْعِلْمِ ذَهَابُ حَمَلَتِهِ " ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَعِنْدَ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ ، وَإِسْنَادُ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ أَصَحُّ ; لِأَنَّ فِي إِسْنَادِ أَحْمَدَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ يَزِيدَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا ، وَهُوَ عِنْدَ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ مِنْ طُرُقٍ فِي بَعْضِهَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ ، وَهُوَ مُدَلِّسٌ صَدُوقٌ ، يُكْتَبُ حَدِيثُهُ ، وَلَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يَتَعَمَّدُ الْكَذِبَ . وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَعِنْدَ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ ، وَإِسْنَادُ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ أَصَحُّ ; لِأَنَّ فِي إِسْنَادِ أَحْمَدَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ يَزِيدَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا ، وَهُوَ عِنْدَ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ مِنْ طُرُقٍ فِي بَعْضِهَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ ، وَهُوَ مُدَلِّسٌ صَدُوقٌ ، يُكْتَبُ حَدِيثُهُ ، وَلَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يَتَعَمَّدُ الْكَذِبَ . وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the occasion of the Farewell Hajj, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up. He (peace and blessings be upon him) had seated Sayyiduna al-Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) behind him on his mount, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was riding an ash-coloured camel. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O people! Acquire knowledge before knowledge is taken away and before it is lifted." Allah Almighty had revealed this verse: "O you who believe! Do not ask about things which, if they were made plain to you, would displease you; and if you ask about them while the Qur'an is being revealed, they will be made plain to you. Allah has pardoned that, and Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing." The narrator says: We already disliked asking him (peace and blessings be upon him) many questions, and when Allah Almighty revealed this verse to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), we became cautious. The narrator says: We came to a Bedouin and gave him a sheet, which he tied as a turban, until I saw the border of the sheet coming out over his right eyebrow. Then we said to him: "Ask the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)." He said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "O Prophet of Allah! How will knowledge be lifted from among us when the Qur'an is present among us, and we have learned what it contains and have taught it to our wives, children and servants?" The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his blessed head, and his blessed face had turned red with anger. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O man! May your mother lose you! The Jews and the Christians also had their sacred books among them, yet they do not hold on to a single letter of what their prophets brought to them. Remember! The departure of knowledge means the departure of those who carry it (the scholars)." (The narrator says:) He (peace and blessings be upon him) said this three times.
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; Ibn Majah recorded part of it. However, al-Tabarani's chain is more sound, because Ahmad's chain contains a narrator, Ali bin Yazid, and he is very da'if (weak). Al-Tabarani recorded it through several routes, some of whose chains contain a narrator, Hajjaj bin Artat; he is a mudallis who is saduq (truthful), his hadith are written down, and he is not one of those who lie deliberately. And Allah knows best.
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; Ibn Majah recorded part of it. However, al-Tabarani's chain is more sound, because Ahmad's chain contains a narrator, Ali bin Yazid, and he is very da'if (weak). Al-Tabarani recorded it through several routes, some of whose chains contain a narrator, Hajjaj bin Artat; he is a mudallis who is saduq (truthful), his hadith are written down, and he is not one of those who lie deliberately. And Allah knows best.
