وَعَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي جِنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ ، فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْقَبْرِ وَلَمَّا يُلْحَدُ ، فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَجَلَسْنَا حَوْلَهُ ، وَكَأَنَّ عَلَى رُءُوسِنَا الطَّيْرُ ، وَفِي يَدِهِ عُودٌ يَنْكُتُ بِهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ : " اسْتَعِيذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ " . مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا . ثُمَّ قَالَ : " إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ الْمُؤْمِنَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي انْقِطَاعٍ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَإِقْبَالٍ مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ ، نَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَلَائِكَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِيضُ الْوُجُوهِ ، كَأَنَّ وُجُوهَهُمُ الشَّمْسُ ، مَعَهُمْ كَفَنٌ مِنْ أَكْفَانِ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَحَنُوطٌ مِنْ حَنُوطِ الْجَنَّةِ ، حَتَّى يَجْلِسُوا مِنْهُ مَدَّ الْبَصَرِ ، وَيَجِيءُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَتَّى يَجْلِسَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ ، فَيَقُولُ : أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ ، اخْرُجِي إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانٍ . قَالَ : فَتَخْرُجُ فَتَسِيلُ كَمَا تَسِيلُ الْقَطْرَةُ فِي السِّقَاءِ ، فَيَأْخُذُهَا فَإِذَا أَخَذَهَا لَمْ يَدَعُوهَا فِي يَدِهِ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ حَتَّى يَأْخُذُوهَا ، فَيَجْعَلُوهَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْكَفَنِ وَفِي ذَلِكَ الْحَنُوطِ ، وَيَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا كَأَطْيَبِ نَفْحَةِ مِسْكٍ وُجِدَتْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ ، قَالَ : فَيَصْعَدُونَ بِهَا ، فَلَا يَمُرُّونَ [ يَعْنِي : بِهَا ] عَلَى مَلَإٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إِلَّا قَالُوا : مَا هَذَا الرُّوحُ الطَّيِّبُ ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ : فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ - بِأَحْسَنِ أَسْمَائِهِ الَّتِي كَانُوا يُسَمُّونَهُ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا - حَتَّى يَنْتَهُوا بِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَسْتَفْتِحُونَ لَهُمْ ، فَيُشَيِّعُهُ مِنْ كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ مُقَرَّبُوهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا ، حَتَّى يُنْتَهَى بِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ ، فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : اكْتُبُوا كِتَابَ عَبْدِي فِي عِلِّيِّينَ ، وَأَعِيدُوهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ [ فَإِنِّي مِنْهَا خَلَقْتُهُمْ وَفِيهَا أُعِيدُهُمْ وَمِنْهَا أُخْرِجُهُمْ تَارَةً أُخْرَى . قَالَ : فَتُعَادُ رُوحُهُ ] فِي جَسَدِهِ ، فَيَأْتِيهِ مَلَكَانِ فَيُجْلِسَانِهِ فَيَقُولَانِ [ لَهُ ] : مَنْ رَبُّكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ . فَيَقُولَانِ : مَا دِينُكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : دِينِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ . فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ : مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بُعِثَ فِيكُمْ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ . فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ : مَا عَمَلُكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : قَرَأْتُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَآمَنْتُ بِهِ وَصَدَّقْتُهُ . فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ : أَنْ صَدَقَ عَبْدِي فَأَفْرِشُوهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَأَلْبِسُوهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَافْتَحُوا لَهُ بَابًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ . قَالَ : فَيَأْتِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِهَا وَطِيبِهَا ، وَيُفْسَحُ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ مَدَّ بَصَرِهِ . قَالَ : وَيَأْتِيهِ رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ ، حَسَنُ الثِّيَابِ ، طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ ، فَيَقُولُ : أَبْشِرْ بِالَّذِي يَسُرُّكَ ، هَذَا يَوْمُكَ الَّذِي كُنْتَ تُوعَدُ . فَيَقُولُ : مَنْ أَنْتَ فَوَجْهُكَ الْوَجْهُ يَجِيءُ بِالْخَيْرِ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : أَنَا عَمَلُكَ الصَّالِحُ . فَيَقُولُ : رَبِّ أَقِمِ السَّاعَةَ ، رَبِّ أَقِمِ السَّاعَةَ ; حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِي وَمَالِي .
وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ الْكَافِرَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي انْقِطَاعٍ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَإِقْبَالٍ مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ نَزَلَ مَلَائِكَةٌ سُودُ الْوُجُوهِ ، مَعَهُمُ الْمُسُوحُ ، فَيَجْلِسُونَ مِنْهُ مَدَّ الْبَصَرِ ، ثُمَّ يَجِيءُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ حَتَّى يَجْلِسَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ ، فَيَقُولُ : أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْخَبِيثَةُ ، اخْرُجِي إِلَى سَخَطٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَغَضَبٍ . فَتُفَرَّقُ فِي جَسَدِهِ فَيَنْزِعُهَا كَمَا يَنْزِعُ السَّفُّودَ مِنَ الصُّوفِ الْمَبْلُولِ فَيَأْخُذُهَا ، فَإِذَا أَخَذَهَا لَمْ يَدَعُوهَا فِي يَدِهِ طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ حَتَّى يَجْعَلُوهَا فِي تِلْكَ الْمُسُوحِ ، وَيَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا كَأَنْتَنِ جِيفَةٍ وُجِدَتْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ . فَيَصْعَدُونَ بِهَا فَلَا يَمُرُّونَ بِهَا عَلَى مَلَإٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إِلَّا قَالُوا : مَا هَذِهِ الرِّيحُ الْخَبِيثَةُ ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ : فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ - بِأَقْبَحِ أَسْمَائِهِ الَّتِي كَانَ يُسَمَّى بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا - حَتَّى يُنْتَهَى بِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيُسْتَفْتَحُ لَهُ فَلَا يُفْتَحُ لَهُ " . ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَا تُفْتَحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَلِجَ الْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ الْخِيَاطِ ، فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : اكْتُبُوا كِتَابَهُ فِي سِجِّينٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ السُّفْلَى . ثُمَّ تُطْرَحُ رُوحُهُ طَرْحًا " . ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ( وَمَنْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَكَأَنَّمَا خَرَّ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَتَخْطَفُهُ الطَّيْرُ أَوْ تَهْوِي بِهِ الرِّيحُ فِي مَكَانٍ سَحِيقٍ ) فَيُعَادُ رُوحُهُ فِي جَسَدِهِ ، وَيَأْتِيهِ مَلَكَانِ فَيُجْلِسَانِهِ فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ : مَنْ رَبُّكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : هَاهْ هَاهْ ، لَا أَدْرِي . [ فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ : مَا دِينُكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : هَاهْ هَاهْ ، لَا أَدْرِي ، فَيَقُولَانِ لَهُ : مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بُعِثَ فِيكُمْ ؟ فَيَقُولُ هَاهْ هَاهْ ، لَا أَدْرِي ] فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ : أَنْ كَذَبَ ، فَأَفْرِشُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ ، وَافْتَحُوا لَهُ بَابًا إِلَى النَّارِ ، فَيَأْتِيهِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا وَسُمُومِهَا ، وَيُضَيَّقُ عَلَيْهِ قَبْرُهُ حَتَّى تَخْتَلِفَ فِيهِ أَضْلَاعُهُ ، وَيَأْتِيهِ رَجُلٌ قَبِيحُ الْوَجْهِ قَبِيحُ الثِّيَابِ ، مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ ، فَيَقُولُ : أَبْشِرْ بِالَّذِي يَسُوءُكَ هَذَا يَوْمُكَ الَّذِي كُنْتَ تُوعَدُ . فَيَقُولُ : مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ فَوَجْهُكَ الَّذِي يَجِيءُ بِالشَّرِّ . فَيَقُولُ : أَنَا عَمَلُكَ الْخَبِيثُ . فَيَقُولُ : رَبِّ لَا تُقِمِ السَّاعَةَ " .
قُلْتُ : هُوَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ وَغَيْرِهِ بِاخْتِصَارٍ .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We attended the funeral of a man from the Ansar with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When we reached the grave, the lahd had not yet been prepared. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat down and we sat around him, as though there were birds on our heads. In the blessed hand of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a stick with which he was scratching the ground. He raised his blessed head and said: "Seek refuge with Allah from the punishment of the grave." He said this twice, or perhaps three times. Then he said: "When the believing servant is departing from this world and heading towards the Hereafter, angels with white faces descend from the sky and come to him; their faces are like the sun (in radiance and brightness). With them is a shroud from Paradise and fragrance from Paradise, and they sit around him as far as the eye can see. Then the Angel of Death (peace be upon him) comes and sits at his head and says: 'O tranquil soul, come out to the forgiveness and pleasure of Allah Almighty.'" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then the soul comes out as a drop flows from a waterskin. The Angel of Death takes it, and when he has taken it, they do not leave it in his hand even for the blink of an eye until they take it and place it in that shroud and apply that fragrance. It comes out of the body like the finest scent of musk found on the face of the earth." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The angels take that soul up. Whatever group of angels they pass by with this soul, those angels say: 'Whose is this pure soul?' They reply: 'It is so-and-so, son of so-and-so,' calling him by the best of the names by which he used to be called in the world, until they bring it to the lowest heaven. They ask for the gate to be opened, and then from every heaven the angels who are close (to Allah) accompany the soul to the next heaven, until it is brought to the seventh heaven. Then Allah Almighty says: 'Record the book of My servant in Illiyyin, and return him to the earth, for from it We created them, into it We shall return them, and from it We shall bring them out once again.' Then the man's soul is returned to his body. Then two angels come to him, make him sit up and ask him: 'Who is your Lord?' He answers: 'My Lord is Allah Almighty.' The two angels ask: 'What is your religion?' He answers: 'My religion is Islam.' The two angels ask him: 'Who is this man who was sent among you?' He answers: 'He is the Messenger of Allah.' Then the two angels say to him: 'What were your deeds?' He answers: 'I read the Book of Allah, believed in it and affirmed it.' Then a caller calls out from the sky: 'My servant has spoken the truth. Spread for him bedding from Paradise, clothe him from Paradise and open for him a door to Paradise.' Then the coolness and fragrance of Paradise come to him, and his grave is widened for him as far as the eye can see. Then a man comes to him with a beautiful face, splendid clothes and a pleasant scent, and says: 'Receive glad tidings of what will delight you. This is the day you were promised.' The servant says: 'Who are you? Your face is very beautiful, and you have come with good.' He says: 'I am your righteous deeds.' The servant says: 'O my Lord, establish the Hour! O my Lord, establish the Hour, so that I may return to my family and my wealth.' (The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:) When the time comes for the disbeliever to depart from this world and head towards the Hereafter, angels with black faces descend, bringing coarse cloth with them, and they sit around him as far as the eye can see. Then the Angel of Death comes and sits at his head and says: 'O wicked soul, come out to the displeasure and wrath of the Lord.' Then the soul spreads throughout his body, and the Angel of Death pulls it out as a thorn is pulled out of wet wool. When the Angel of Death has taken it, he does not leave it even for the blink of an eye, but puts it straight into that coarse cloth. The soul comes out of the body like the foulest-smelling carcass found on the earth. The angels take it up. Whatever group of angels they pass by, those angels ask: 'What is this foul stench?' They reply: 'It is so-and-so, son of so-and-so,' mentioning him by the worst name by which he was called in the world, until they bring it to the lowest heaven. The gate is asked to be opened for him, but it is not opened." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "The gates of heaven will not be opened for them, nor will they enter Paradise until a camel passes through the eye of a needle." "Allah Almighty says: 'Record his book in Sijjin, in the lowest earth.' Then his soul is flung down." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "And whoever associates partners with Allah, it is as though he had fallen from the sky and the birds snatched him away, or the wind carried him off to a far-off place." "Then the man's soul is returned to his body. Then two angels come to him, make him sit up and ask him: 'Who is your Lord?' He answers: 'Alas, alas, I do not know.' The two angels ask him: 'What is your religion?' He answers: 'Alas, alas, I do not know.' The two angels ask him: 'Who is this man who was sent among you?' He answers: 'Alas, alas, I do not know.' Then a caller calls out from the sky: 'He has lied. Spread for him bedding from Hell and open for him a door to Hell,' so that its heat and scorching wind come to him. His grave is made narrow for him until his ribs interlock. Then a man comes to him with an extremely ugly face, ugly clothes and a foul smell, and says: 'Receive news of what will grieve you. This is the day you were promised.' The deceased asks: 'Who are you? You have come with evil.' He answers: 'I am your wicked deeds.' Then the deceased says: 'O my Lord, do not establish the Hour.'" (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say:
This report is reported in the Sahih and other books in abridged form.
Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.