Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الزهد
Book of Asceticism
بَابٌ مِنْهُ فِي عِظَةِ الْخَضِرِ مُوسَى - عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ - .
Al-Khidr's admonition to Musa (peace be upon them both)
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 17722
اُردوEn
عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " قَالَ أَخِي مُوسَى - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - : يَا رَبِّ ، أَرِنِي الَّذِي كُنْتَ أَرَيْتَنِي فِي السَّفِينَةِ ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ : يَا مُوسَى ، إِنَّكَ سَتَرَاهُ ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَتَاهُ الْخَضِرُ ، وَهُوَ فِي طِيبِ الرِّيحِ ، وَحُسْنِ ثِيَابِ الْبَيَاضِ ، فَقَالَ : السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ ، إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ : السَّلَامُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ قَالَ مُوسَى : هُوَ السَّلَامُ ، وَإِلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ، وَمِنْهُ السَّلَامُ ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ، الَّذِي لَا أُحْصِي نِعَمَهُ ، وَلَا أَقْدِرُ عَلَى شُكْرِهِ ، إِلَّا بِمَعُونَتِهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ مُوسَى : أُرِيدُ أَنْ تُوصِيَنِي بِوَصِيَّةٍ يَنْفَعُنِي اللَّهُ بِهَا بَعْدَكَ ، قَالَ الْخَضِرُ : يَا طَالِبَ الْعِلْمِ ، إِنَّ الْقَائِلَ أَقَلُّ مَلَالَةً مِنَ الْمُسْتَمِعِ ، فَلَا تُمِلَّ جُلَسَاءَكَ إِذَا حَدَّثَتْهُمْ ، وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ قَلْبَكَ وِعَاءٌ ، فَانْظُرْ بِمَا تَحْشُو بِهِ وِعَاءَكَ ، وَاعْرِفِ الدُّنْيَا ، وَانْبِذْهَا وَرَاءَكَ ; فَإِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ لَكَ بِدَارٍ ، وَلَا لَكَ فِيهَا قَرَارٌ ، وَإِنَّهَا جُعِلَتْ بُلْغَةً لِلْعِبَادِ لِيَتَزَوَّدُوا مِنْهَا لِلْمَعَادِ ، وَيَا مُوسَى ، وَطِّنْ نَفْسَكَ عَلَى الصَّبْرِ تَلْقَ الْحِلْمَ ، وَأَشْعِرْ قَلَبَكَ التَّقْوَى تَنَلِ الْعِلْمَ ، وَرُضْ نَفْسَكَ عَلَى الصَّبْرِ تَخْلُصْ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ . يَا مُوسَى ، تَفَرَّغْ لِلْعِلْمِ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُهُ ; فَإِنَّمَا الْعِلْمُ لِمَنْ تَفَرَّغَ لَهُ ، وَلَا تَكُنْ هَكَّارًا بِالْمَنْطِقِ مِهْذَارًا ، إِنَّ كَثْرَةَ الْمَنْطِقِ تَشِينُ الْعُلَمَاءَ ، وَتُبْدِي مَسَاوِئَ الْخَفَاءِ ، وَلَكِنَّ عَلَيْكَ بِذِي اقْتِصَادٍ ; فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنَ التَّوْفِيقِ وَالسَّدَادِ ، وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجَاهِلِ ، وَاحْلُمْ عَنِ السُّفَهَاءِ ; فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ الْحُكَمَاءِ ، وَزَيْنُ الْعُلَمَاءِ . إِذَا شَتَمَكَ الْجَاهِلُ فَاسْكُتْ عَنْهُ سِلْمًا ، وَجَانِبْهُ حَزْمًا ; فَإِنَّ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ جَهْلِهِ عَلَيْكَ ، وَشَتْمِهِ إِيَّاكَ أَعْظَمُ وَأَكْثَرُ .
يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، إِنَّكَ لَا تَرَى أُوتِيَتْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ; فَإِنَّ الِانْدِلَاقَ وَالتَّعَسُّفَ مِنَ الِاقْتِحَامِ وَالتَّكَلُّفِ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، لَا تَفْتَحَنَّ بَابًا لَا تَدْرِي مَا غَلْقُهُ ، وَلَا تَغْلِقَنَّ بَابًا لَا تَدْرِي مَا فَتْحُهُ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، مَنْ لَا يَنْتَهِي مِنَ الدُّنْيَا نَهْمَتُهُ ، وَلَا تَنْقَضِي مِنْهَا رَغْبَتُهُ ، كَيْفَ يَكُونُ عَابِدًا ؟ مَنْ يُحَقِّرُ حَالَهُ ، وَيَتَّهِمُ اللَّهَ بِمَا قَضَى لَهُ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ زَاهِدًا ؟ هَلْ يَكُفُّ عَنِ الشَّهَوَاتِ مَنْ قَدْ غَلَبَ هَوَاهُ ، وَيَنْفَعُهُ طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ وَالْجَهْلِ قَدْ حَوَّلَهُ ; لِأَنَّ سَفَرَهُ إِلَى آخِرَتِهِ ، وَهُوَ مُقْبِلٌ عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ . يَا مُوسَى ، تَعَلَّمْ مَا تَعْلَمَنَّ لِتَعْمَلَ بِهِ ، وَلَا تَعَلَّمْهُ لِتُحَدِّثَ بِهِ ، فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْكَ بَوْرُهُ ، وَيَكُونُ لِغَيْرِكَ نَوْرُهُ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، اجْعَلِ الزُّهْدَ وَالتَّقْوَى لِبَاسَكَ ، وَالْعِلْمَ وَالذِّكْرَ كَلَامَكَ ، وَأَكْثِرْ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ ; فَإِنَّكَ مُصِيبٌ السَّيِّئَاتِ ، وَزَعْزِعْ بِالْخَوْفِ قَلْبَكَ ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُرْضِي رَبَّكَ ، وَاعْمَلْ خَيْرًا ; فَإِنَّكَ لَا بُدَّ عَامِلٌ سِوَاهُ . قَدْ وُعِظْتَ إِنْ حَفِظْتَ .
فَتَوَلَّى الْخَضِرُ وَبَقِيَ مُوسَى حَزِينًا مَكْرُوبًا " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ ، وَفِيهِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ يَحْيَى الْوَقَّارُ ، وَقَدْ ضَعَّفَهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ ، وَذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ فِي الثِّقَاتِ ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ أَخْطَأَ فِي وَصْلِهِ ، وَالصَّوَابُ فِيهِ : عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ وُثِّقُوا .
يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، إِنَّكَ لَا تَرَى أُوتِيَتْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ; فَإِنَّ الِانْدِلَاقَ وَالتَّعَسُّفَ مِنَ الِاقْتِحَامِ وَالتَّكَلُّفِ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، لَا تَفْتَحَنَّ بَابًا لَا تَدْرِي مَا غَلْقُهُ ، وَلَا تَغْلِقَنَّ بَابًا لَا تَدْرِي مَا فَتْحُهُ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، مَنْ لَا يَنْتَهِي مِنَ الدُّنْيَا نَهْمَتُهُ ، وَلَا تَنْقَضِي مِنْهَا رَغْبَتُهُ ، كَيْفَ يَكُونُ عَابِدًا ؟ مَنْ يُحَقِّرُ حَالَهُ ، وَيَتَّهِمُ اللَّهَ بِمَا قَضَى لَهُ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ زَاهِدًا ؟ هَلْ يَكُفُّ عَنِ الشَّهَوَاتِ مَنْ قَدْ غَلَبَ هَوَاهُ ، وَيَنْفَعُهُ طَلَبُ الْعِلْمِ وَالْجَهْلِ قَدْ حَوَّلَهُ ; لِأَنَّ سَفَرَهُ إِلَى آخِرَتِهِ ، وَهُوَ مُقْبِلٌ عَلَى دُنْيَاهُ . يَا مُوسَى ، تَعَلَّمْ مَا تَعْلَمَنَّ لِتَعْمَلَ بِهِ ، وَلَا تَعَلَّمْهُ لِتُحَدِّثَ بِهِ ، فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْكَ بَوْرُهُ ، وَيَكُونُ لِغَيْرِكَ نَوْرُهُ . يَا ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ ، اجْعَلِ الزُّهْدَ وَالتَّقْوَى لِبَاسَكَ ، وَالْعِلْمَ وَالذِّكْرَ كَلَامَكَ ، وَأَكْثِرْ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ ; فَإِنَّكَ مُصِيبٌ السَّيِّئَاتِ ، وَزَعْزِعْ بِالْخَوْفِ قَلْبَكَ ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُرْضِي رَبَّكَ ، وَاعْمَلْ خَيْرًا ; فَإِنَّكَ لَا بُدَّ عَامِلٌ سِوَاهُ . قَدْ وُعِظْتَ إِنْ حَفِظْتَ .
فَتَوَلَّى الْخَضِرُ وَبَقِيَ مُوسَى حَزِينًا مَكْرُوبًا " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ ، وَفِيهِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ يَحْيَى الْوَقَّارُ ، وَقَدْ ضَعَّفَهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ ، وَذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ فِي الثِّقَاتِ ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ أَخْطَأَ فِي وَصْلِهِ ، وَالصَّوَابُ فِيهِ : عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ وُثِّقُوا .
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "My brother, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him), said: 'O my Lord, show me the one You showed me in the boat.' So Allah Almighty revealed to him: 'O Musa, you will soon see him.' After a short while, Sayyiduna al-Khidr (peace be upon him) came to him; his fragrance was pleasant and he was wearing clean white garments. He said: 'Peace be upon you, O Musa bin Imran. Your Lord has also sent you greetings of peace, and may the mercy of Allah Almighty descend upon you.' Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: 'He is the Giver of peace, peace returns to Him and comes from Him, and all praise belongs to Allah Almighty, the Lord of all the worlds, whose blessings I cannot count and whom I have no power to thank, except with His help (can He be thanked).' Then Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: 'I wish that you give me some advice by which Allah Almighty will benefit me after you.' Sayyiduna al-Khidr (peace be upon him) said: 'O seeker of knowledge! The speaker grows weary less than the listener, so when you talk with those sitting with you, do not make them weary. And know that your heart is a vessel, so keep examining what you are filling your vessel with. Come to know the world and cast it behind you, for it is not your dwelling place, nor are you to settle in it; it has only been made a provision for the servants, so that they may take from it provisions for the journey to the Hereafter. O Musa! Keep yourself steadfast upon patience and you will attain wisdom; make your heart conscious of taqwa (God-fearing piety) and you will reach knowledge; keep your soul on the path of patience and you will be freed from sin. O Musa! Devote yourself to knowledge if you intend to acquire it, for knowledge is granted to the one who devotes himself to it. When you speak, do not be one who shows self-admiration and talks idly, for much talking brings disgrace upon scholars and exposes hidden faults; you must adopt moderation, for that is part of divine enablement (tawfiq) and staying on the right course. Turn away from the ignorant person, and show forbearance towards fools, for this is the excellence of the wise and the adornment of scholars. When an ignorant person speaks ill of you, remain silent in response to him, with peace and safety, and keep away from him with caution, for what remains of his ignorance against you and his speaking ill of you will be greater and more. O Ibn Imran! Bear in mind that the knowledge you have been given is only a little; harshness and severity are part of excess and affectation. O Ibn Imran! Do not open a door when you do not know how it will be closed, and do not close a door when you do not know how it will be opened. O Ibn Imran! One whose interest in the world has no final limit, and whose desire for it never ends, how can he be a worshipper? One who regards his own state as contemptible, and casts blame regarding what Allah Almighty has decreed for him, how can he be an ascetic? Can a person refrain from following desires when his desire has overpowered him? Can seeking knowledge benefit a person whom ignorance has changed? For his journey is towards the Hereafter, yet he is turned towards the world. O Musa bin Imran! Acquire knowledge whose purpose is to act upon it; do not acquire knowledge in order to talk about it, otherwise its harm will be upon you and its light will go to others. O Ibn Imran! Make asceticism and taqwa your garment, make remembrance (of Allah) and knowledge your speech, and do good deeds in abundance, for sins may also be committed by you. Keep your heart unsettled with fear, for this will please your Lord. Do good deeds, for it may be that you will also do something other than that. I have given you advice, if you preserve it (it is better for you).' Then Sayyiduna al-Khidr (peace be upon him) went away, and Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) was left grieved and distressed."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Zakariyya bin Yahya al-Waqqar, whom more than one scholar declared da'if (weak). Ibn Hibban mentioned him in Kitab al-Thiqat, and stated that this narrator erred in narrating it as mawsul (connected), and that the correct version is that it is reported from Sufyan al-Thawri: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said. The rest of its narrators have been declared trustworthy.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its chain contains Zakariyya bin Yahya al-Waqqar, whom more than one scholar declared da'if (weak). Ibn Hibban mentioned him in Kitab al-Thiqat, and stated that this narrator erred in narrating it as mawsul (connected), and that the correct version is that it is reported from Sufyan al-Thawri: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said. The rest of its narrators have been declared trustworthy.
