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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابٌ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ إِلَى رِعْيَةَ السُّحَيْمِيِّ
An expedition against Ri'yah al-Suhaymi
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 10348
اُردوEn
عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ رِعْيَةَ السُّحَيْمِيِّ ، قَالَ : كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي أَدِيمٍ أَحْمَرَ ، فَأَخَذَ كِتَابَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَرَقَعَ بِهِ دَلْوَهُ ، فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - سَرِيَّةً فَلَمْ يَدَعُوا لَهُ سَارِحَةً وَلَا رَائِحَةً ، وَلَا أَهْلًا وَلَا مَالًا إِلَّا أَخَذُوهُ . وَانْفَلَتَ عُرْيَانًا عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ سُتْرَةٌ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى ابْنَتِهِ وَهِيَ مُتَزَوِّجَةٌ فِي بَنِي هِلَالٍ ، وَقَدْ أَسْلَمَتْ ، وَأَسْلَمَ أَهْلُهَا ، وَكَانَ مَجْلِسُ الْقَوْمِ بِفِنَاءِ بَيْتِهَا فَدَارَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْبَيْتِ .
فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ [ ثَوْبًا ] ، قَالَتْ : مَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ : كُلُّ الشَّرِّ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِأَبِيكِ ، مَا تُرِكَ لَهُ سَارِحَةٌ وَلَا رَائِحَةٌ ، وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ [ إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُخِذَ ] ، قَالَتْ : دُعِيتَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : أَيْنَ بَعْلُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ : فِي الْإِبِلِ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُ ، قَالَ : مَا لَكَ ؟ فَقَالَ : كُلُّ الشَّرِّ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِهِ ، مَا تُرِكَ لَهُ رَائِحَةٌ وَلَا سَارِحَةٌ ، وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ إِلَّا أُخِذَ ، وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا أُبَادِرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ مَالِي وَأَهْلِي ، قَالَ : خُذْ رَاحِلَتِي بِرَحْلِهَا ، قَالَ : لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا .
قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ قَعُودَ الرَّاعِي ، وَزَوَّدَهُ إِدَاوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ ، فَخَرَجَ وَعَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ إِذَا غَطَّى وَجْهَهُ خَرَجَتِ اسْتُهُ ، وَإِذَا غَطَّى اسْتَهُ خَرَجَ وَجْهُهُ ، وَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُعْرَفَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَعَقَلَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَتَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَكَانَ بِحِذَائِهِ حَيْثُ يُقِيلُ ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْفَجْرَ ، قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ ، قَالَ : فَبَسَطَهَا ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عَلَيْهَا قَبَضَهَا إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثَلَاثًا وَيَفْعَلُهُ . فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الثَّالِثَةُ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ " . قَالَ : أَنَا رِعَيْةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ ، قَالَ : فَتَنَاوَلَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَضُدَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، هَذَا رِعْيَةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ الَّذِي كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ كِتَابِي فَرَقَعَ بِهِ دَلْوَهُ " فَأَخَذَ يَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَيْهِ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَهْلِي وَمَالِي . قَالَ : " أَمَّا مَالُكَ فَقَدْ قُسِمَ ، وَأَمَّا أَهْلُكَ فَمَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ " .
فَإِذَا ابْنُهُ قَدْ عَرَفَ الرَّاحِلَةَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عِنْدَهَا فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هَذَا ابْنِي ، فَقَالَ : " يَا بِلَالُ ، اخْرُجْ مَعَهُ فَسَلْهُ : أَبُوكَ هَذَا ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ ، فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ " . فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : أَبُوكَ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ . فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا اسْتَعْبَرَ لِصَاحِبِهِ ، قَالَ : " ذَاكَ جَفَاءُ الْأَعْرَابِ " .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بِإِسْنَادَيْنِ ، أَحَدُهُمَا رِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ ، وَهُوَ هَذَا ، وَالْآخَرُ مُرْسَلٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ ، وَلَمْ يَقُلْ عَنْ رِعْيَةَ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ .
فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ [ ثَوْبًا ] ، قَالَتْ : مَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ : كُلُّ الشَّرِّ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِأَبِيكِ ، مَا تُرِكَ لَهُ سَارِحَةٌ وَلَا رَائِحَةٌ ، وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ [ إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُخِذَ ] ، قَالَتْ : دُعِيتَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : أَيْنَ بَعْلُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ : فِي الْإِبِلِ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُ ، قَالَ : مَا لَكَ ؟ فَقَالَ : كُلُّ الشَّرِّ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِهِ ، مَا تُرِكَ لَهُ رَائِحَةٌ وَلَا سَارِحَةٌ ، وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ إِلَّا أُخِذَ ، وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا أُبَادِرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ مَالِي وَأَهْلِي ، قَالَ : خُذْ رَاحِلَتِي بِرَحْلِهَا ، قَالَ : لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا .
قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ قَعُودَ الرَّاعِي ، وَزَوَّدَهُ إِدَاوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ ، فَخَرَجَ وَعَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ إِذَا غَطَّى وَجْهَهُ خَرَجَتِ اسْتُهُ ، وَإِذَا غَطَّى اسْتَهُ خَرَجَ وَجْهُهُ ، وَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُعْرَفَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَعَقَلَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَتَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَكَانَ بِحِذَائِهِ حَيْثُ يُقِيلُ ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْفَجْرَ ، قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ ، قَالَ : فَبَسَطَهَا ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عَلَيْهَا قَبَضَهَا إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثَلَاثًا وَيَفْعَلُهُ . فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الثَّالِثَةُ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ " . قَالَ : أَنَا رِعَيْةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ ، قَالَ : فَتَنَاوَلَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَضُدَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، هَذَا رِعْيَةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ الَّذِي كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ كِتَابِي فَرَقَعَ بِهِ دَلْوَهُ " فَأَخَذَ يَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَيْهِ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَهْلِي وَمَالِي . قَالَ : " أَمَّا مَالُكَ فَقَدْ قُسِمَ ، وَأَمَّا أَهْلُكَ فَمَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ " .
فَإِذَا ابْنُهُ قَدْ عَرَفَ الرَّاحِلَةَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عِنْدَهَا فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هَذَا ابْنِي ، فَقَالَ : " يَا بِلَالُ ، اخْرُجْ مَعَهُ فَسَلْهُ : أَبُوكَ هَذَا ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ ، فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ " . فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : أَبُوكَ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ . فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا اسْتَعْبَرَ لِصَاحِبِهِ ، قَالَ : " ذَاكَ جَفَاءُ الْأَعْرَابِ " .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بِإِسْنَادَيْنِ ، أَحَدُهُمَا رِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ ، وَهُوَ هَذَا ، وَالْآخَرُ مُرْسَلٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ ، وَلَمْ يَقُلْ عَنْ رِعْيَةَ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ .
Imam al-Sha'bi has transmitted this account of Sayyiduna Ri'yah al-Suhaymi (may Allah be pleased with him): "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a letter to him on red leather. He took the letter of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and patched his bucket with it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a military expedition. The members of that expedition left none of that man's animals, family or wealth; they took everything. That man rode out from there on his horse in a naked state; there was nothing on his body to cover him, until he reached the area of his daughter, who had been married into Banu Hilal. That woman and her household had become Muslims. At their house, people used to sit in the courtyard of the house, so the man went around and entered the house from the back. When his daughter saw him in this condition, she gave him a garment and asked: 'What has happened to you?' He said: 'Every kind of evil has descended upon your father. Those people have left no animal, no member of the family and no wealth; they have taken everything.' The woman said: 'You were invited to Islam.' The man asked: 'Where is your husband?' The woman said: 'He is with the camels.' The man went to him, and he asked: 'What has happened to you?' He said: 'Every kind of evil has befallen him; none of his animals, livestock, members of his family or anything of his wealth is left; everything has been taken. Now I want to go to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and reach him before he has distributed my wealth and my family.' So his son-in-law said: 'Take my mount along with its saddle.' He said: 'I have no need of it.' The narrator says: Then he took a shepherd's equipment and a water-skin and set out from there. On his body was such a garment that when he covered his face with it, his private parts were exposed, and when he covered his private parts, his face would show. He disliked being recognised before reaching Madinah. He tied up his mount, then came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished praying at that time. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had offered the Fajr prayer, he said: 'O Messenger of Allah, stretch out your hand so that I may pledge allegiance to you.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stretched out his hand. When the man intended to strike his hand upon it, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drew his hand back. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did this three times, and the man kept doing the same. When it was the third time, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: 'Who are you?' He said: 'I am Ri'yah al-Suhaymi.' The narrator says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took hold of his upper arm, raised it, and then said: 'O company of Muslims, this is Ri'yah al-Suhaymi, to whom I wrote a letter, and he patched his bucket with my letter.' Then that man began to humble himself and plead before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, my family and my wealth?' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'As for your wealth, it has already been distributed; as for your family, take whichever of them you can find.' Meanwhile his son had recognised the mount and was standing beside that mount. He went back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this is my son.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O Bilal, go out with him and ask this boy whether this is your father. If he answers yes, hand the boy over to him.' Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) went out to him and asked: 'Is this your father?' The boy answered: 'Yes.' Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I did not see either of them shed tears for the other.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'That is the particular harshness of the Bedouins.'"
Ahmad recorded it with two chains, the narrators of one of which are the narrators of the Sahih, and it is this report; the other report is "mursal", transmitted from Abu Amr al-Shaybani, in which he did not state that it is transmitted from Sayyiduna Ri'yah (may Allah be pleased with him). Al-Tabarani recorded this report.
Ahmad recorded it with two chains, the narrators of one of which are the narrators of the Sahih, and it is this report; the other report is "mursal", transmitted from Abu Amr al-Shaybani, in which he did not state that it is transmitted from Sayyiduna Ri'yah (may Allah be pleased with him). Al-Tabarani recorded this report.
