❀ Difference Between Riba al-Fadl and Husn al-Qada’ with Shar‘i Explanation ❀
Source: Ahkam wa Masail, Issues of Buying & Selling, Vol. 1, p. 355
❖ Question:
What is the difference between Riba al-Fadl (usurious increase) and Husn al-Qada’ (good repayment)? This is also discussed in Sahih al-Bukhari.
Also, is it necessary that the condition of extra payment be stipulated at the time of transaction?
❖ Answer:
Alhamdulillah, was-salatu was-salamu ‘ala Rasulillah, amma ba‘d!
✦ Difference Between Riba al-Fadl and Husn al-Qada’
◈ Riba al-Fadl (usurious increase) → is always riba and prohibited.
◈ Husn al-Qada’ (good repayment) → may sometimes be riba and sometimes not, depending on the situation.
✦ Detailed Explanation:
✔ If in Husn al-Qada’, the borrower voluntarily gives more at the time of repayment, without any prior condition, as a gesture of goodwill → it is not riba.
✔ But if the extra repayment is stipulated at the time of contract (i.e., when taking the loan it is agreed that more will be repaid), then it falls under riba.
✦ Summary Statement:
«فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْفَرْقَ بَيْنَ رِبَا الْفَضْلِ وَحُسْنِ الْقَضَاءِ أَنَّ رِبَا الْفَضْلِ لاَ يَکُوْنُ إِلاَّ رِبًا ، وَحُسْنَ الْقَضَاءِ قَدْ يَکُوْنُ رِبًا ، وَقَدْ لاَ يَکُوْنُ رِبًا ، وَإِنَّمَا هٰذَا إِذَا لَمْ يُشْتَرَطْ فِیْ حُسْنِ الْقَضَاءِ أَنْ يَکُوْنَ غَيْرَ رِبًا ، وَإِنِ اشْتُرِطَ فَالْفَرْقُ أَنَّ رِبَا الْفَضْلِ رِبًا ، وَحُسْنَ الْقَضَاءِ لَيْسَ بِرِبًا»
“The difference between Riba al-Fadl and Husn al-Qada’ is that Riba al-Fadl is always riba, while Husn al-Qada’ may or may not be riba. If it is not stipulated, it is not riba; but if it is stipulated, then Riba al-Fadl remains riba, while Husn al-Qada’ is not considered riba.”
✦ Is stipulation at the time of transaction necessary?
«أَمَّا سُؤَالُکَ : هَلْ يُشْتَرَطُ أَنْ يَکُوْنَ طَلَبُ الْفَضْلِ مَشْرُوْطًا عِنْدَ الْمُعَامَلَةِ ؟ فَجَوَابُه أَنَّهُ لاَ يُشْتَرَطُ»
“As for your question whether the request for extra repayment must be stipulated at the time of the transaction, the answer is: it is not necessary.”
ھذا ما عندي، والله أعلم بالصواب
