Two Adhāns of Jumuʿah: Prophetic Sunnah ﷺ or the Practice of a Companion?
Source: Aḥkām wa Masāʾil – Kitāb al-Ṣalāh, Volume 1, Page 238
❖ Question
Throughout our lives, we have observed two adhāns on Friday: one before the Jumuʿah khuṭbah and the other immediately before the khuṭbah begins. We also practice this.
Is this practice correct?
If it is not established from the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ but rather from the action of a Companion رضي الله عنه, then what is the ruling on acting upon it?
❖ Answer
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, wa-ṣ-ṣalātu wa-s-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh, Ammā Baʿd!
- During the blessed times of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, the first Caliph Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq رضي الله عنه, and the second Caliph ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb رضي الله عنه, only one adhān was given for Jumuʿah.
- This is clearly and explicitly recorded in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and other ḥadīth collections:
(Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Jumuʿah, Bāb al-Adhān Yawm al-Jumuʿah)
Hence, giving one adhān for Jumuʿah is the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, and the Sunnah of the Companions رضي الله عنهم أجمعين.
Clarification on Mawlānā ʿUbaydullāh ʿAfīf’s Article
Mawlānā ʿUbaydullāh ʿAfīf authored an article in the journal al-Iʿtiṣām under the title “The Sharʿī Ruling of the First Adhān of Jumuʿah.”
All four installments of this article were carefully studied and found to be excellent, scholarly, and well-researched. May Allāh reward the Shaykh with goodness and grant him further success in authoring such valuable works. Āmīn Yā Rabb al-ʿĀlamīn.
An Important Point of Attention
In that article, under Objection No. 2, the respected Shaykh wrote:
“In our view, the correct meaning of this passage is that during the era of Imām al-Bukhārī, Imām Abū Dāwūd, and Imām al-Nasāʾī رحمهُم الله, the ‘Uthmānī adhān had become generally accepted, as mentioned by the author of al-Manhal al-ʿAdhb al-Mawrūd…” (al-Iʿtiṣām)
This statement would only be accurate if the words “fa-thabata al-amru ʿalā dhālika” were from Imām al-Bukhārī, Imām Abū Dāwūd, or Imām al-Nasāʾī themselves.
But in reality, these words were not said by any of those Imāms.
From the context of the ḥadīth, it is clear that the one who said these words was the narrator of the ḥadīth, al-Sāʾib ibn Yazīd رضي الله عنه.
Conclusion
Hādhā mā ʿindī wa-Allāhu Aʿlam bi-ṣ-ṣawāb.
