What to Pray If Jumuʿah Is Missed? And What Should a Woman Do If She Does Not Pray Jumuʿah?
Source: Aḥkām wa Masāʾil, Kitāb al-Ṣalāh, Volume 1, Page 247
❖ Question
If a person misses the Jumuʿah prayer, what should he pray?
I have read in Tārīkh Iṣfahān that a man once asked ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما:
“If I miss Jumuʿah, what should I do?”
He replied:
“Pray Jumuʿah, ذٰلِکَ سُنَّةُ أَبِی الْقَاسِمِ ﷺ.”
I have also heard that all narrations which state that one should pray Ẓuhr in case Jumuʿah is missed are weak.
Similarly, if a woman prays at home, should she perform the Jumuʿah rakʿāt or the Ẓuhr prayer?
❖ Answer
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, wa-ṣ-ṣalātu wa-s-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh, Ammā Baʿd!
Regarding the narration you mentioned:
The ḥadīth you read in Tārīkh Iṣfahān is not known to me.
Therefore, it is requested that you kindly send the chain of narration (isnād) so that it may be verified whether this ḥadīth is authentic or not.
❖ What should a woman do if she does not pray Jumuʿah?
As for the matter of a woman not attending the Jumuʿah prayer, and the question of whether she should pray Jumuʿah or Ẓuhr, the ruling is as follows:
✿ A woman should pray Ẓuhr.
Reasoning:
❀ Sharīʿah has exempted women from attending Jumuʿah.
❀ In Sharīʿah, five daily prayers are obligatory.
❀ If a woman neither prays Jumuʿah nor Ẓuhr, her obligatory prayers for the day will be four, while they must be five.
❀ Therefore, the woman who does not attend Jumuʿah should perform the Ẓuhr prayer.
Hādhā mā ʿindī wa-Allāhu Aʿlam bi-ṣ-ṣawāb.
