Islamic Inheritance: Division Among Husband, Sons and Daughters

Inheritance Distribution: Widow, Two Sons, and Three Daughters

Reference: Fatāwā Rāshidiyyah, Page 613

❖ Question

What do the esteemed scholars say regarding this case:

Musammat Halimah passed away, leaving behind:
◄ Two sons (Muhammad and Umair)
◄ Three daughters
◄ One husband

According to the Shariah of Muhammad ﷺ, how should the estate be divided among them?

❖ Answer

Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh, ammā baʿd!

Before dividing the inheritance, the following must be settled from the estate:

➊ Funeral and burial expenses
➋ Any debts of the deceased
➌ A valid bequest, if made, within one-third (⅓) of the estate

After these, the remaining property — movable or immovable — is divided among the heirs.

Distribution of Halimah’s Estate (1 Rupee)

Qur’anic Evidences

◈ Husband’s share:
﴿فَإِن كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَلَكُمُ الرُّ‌بُعُ﴾

◈ Sons and daughters’ shares:
﴿لِلذَّكَرِ‌ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ﴾

Decimal / Percentage Distribution (Total = 100)

◈ Husband = 25% (¼)
◈ Two sons (ʿaṣabah) = 42.857% → each 21.428%
◈ Three daughters (ʿaṣabah) = 32.124% → each 10.714%

ھذا ما عندی واللہ أعلم بالصواب