سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
کتاب العلل
The Book on Ilal
( باب )
Trustworthy Narrators and Their Ranks and Grades
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قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: وَإِنَّمَا تَفَاضَلَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحِفْظِ وَالإِتْقَانِ وَالتَّثَبُّتِ عِنْدَ السَّمَاعِ مَعَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْلَمْ مِنْ الْخَطَإِ وَالْغَلَطِ كَبِيرُ أَحَدٍ مِنْ الأَئِمَّةِ مَعَ حِفْظِهِمْ.
Tirmidhi says: The scholars differ in their memorization, precision, and verification and recording of the narration of hadith; despite the strength of their memory, even the greatest Imam is not free from error, mistake, and slip.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ الرَّازِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ: إِذَا حَدَّثْتَنِي؛ فَحَدِّثْنِي عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَرِيرٍ؛ فَإِنَّهُ حَدَّثَنِي مَرَّةً بِحَدِيثٍ، ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِسِنِينَ فَمَا أَخْرَمَ مِنْهُ حَرْفًا.
Amarah bin Qaqa’ says that Ibrahim Nakha’i said to me: When you narrate hadith from me, narrate it from Abu Zur’ah bin Amr bin Jarir. Abu Zur’ah once narrated a hadith to me, and then after many years I asked him about it, and he had not left out even a single letter.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَفْصٍ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ: مَا لِسَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ أَتَمُّ حَدِيثًا مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ: لأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْتُبُ.
Mansur says: I asked Ibrahim Nakha'i, "Why does Salim bin Abi Al-Ja'd narrate hadith better than you?" He said: Because he used to write down the hadith.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُالْجَبَّارِ بْنُ الْعَلائِ بْنِ عَبْدِالْجَبَّارِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُالْمَلِكِ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ: إِنِّي لأُحَدِّثُ بِالْحَدِيثِ فَمَا أَدَعُ مِنْهُ حَرْفًا.
Abdul Malik bin Umair says: When I narrate a hadith, I do not omit even a single letter.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُالرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: مَا سَمِعَتْ أُذُنَايَ شَيْئًا قَطُّ إِلا وَعَاهُ قَلْبِي.
Qatadah said: Whatever my ears heard settled in my heart.
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَنَصَّ لِلْحَدِيثِ مِنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ.
Amr bin Dinar says: I have not seen anyone narrate the text of hadith more than Zuhri.
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ: مَا عَلِمْتُ أَحَدًا كَانَ أَعْلَمَ بِحَدِيثِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْدَ الزُّهْرِيِّ مِنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ.
Ayyub Sakhtiyani says: To my knowledge, after Zuhri, there is no greater scholar of hadith among the people of Madinah than Yahya bin Abi Kathir.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ يُحَدِّثُ فَإِذَا حَدَّثْتُهُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بِخِلافِهِ تَرَكَهُ فَأقُولُ: قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ؛ فَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ أَيُّوبَ أَعْلَمُنَا بِحَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ.
Hammad bin Zaid says: Ibn Aun used to narrate hadith, and when I would narrate to him something contrary from Ayyub, he would abandon his own narration. I would say: "Have you heard that hadith?" He would reply: "Ayyub Sakhthiyani was the most knowledgeable among us regarding the ahadith of Ibn Sirin."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بُكْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِاللَّهِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ: أَيُّهُمَا أَثْبَتُ: هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ أَمْ مِسْعَرٌ؟ قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ مِسْعَرٍ، كَانَ مِسْعَرٌ مِنْ أَثْبَتِ النَّاسِ.
Ali bin Al-Madini says: I asked Yahya bin Sa'id Al-Qattan: Is Hisham Dastawai more trustworthy and reliable, or Mas'ar? He said: I have not seen anyone like Mas'ar; among the people, Mas'ar was the most trustworthy and reliable.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُالْقُدُّوسِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ قَال: سَمِعْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ يَقُولُ: مَا خَالَفَنِي شُعْبَةُ فِي شَيْئٍ إِلا تَرَكْتُهُ.
Hammad bin Zaid says: In every hadith in which Shu’bah disagreed with me, I abandoned it.
قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُوالْوَلِيدِ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ: إِنْ أَرَدْتَ الْحَدِيثَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِشُعْبَةَ.
Abu Al-Waleed says that Hammad bin Salamah said: If you want Hadith, then hold on to Shu’bah’s garment.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُودَاوُدَ، قَالَ: قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: مَا رَوَيْتُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَدِيثًا وَاحِدًا إِلا أَتَيْتُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مَرَّةٍ، وَالَّذِي رَوَيْتُ عَنْهُ عَشَرَةَ أَحَادِيثَ أَتَيْتُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ عَشْرِ مِرَارٍ، وَالَّذِي رَوَيْتُ عَنْهُ خَمْسِينَ حَدِيثًا أَتَيْتُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ خَمْسِينَ مَرَّةً، وَالَّذِي رَوَيْتُ عَنْهُ مِائَةً أَتَيْتُهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةِ مَرَّةٍ، إِلا حَيَّانَ الْكُوفِيَّ الْبَارِقِيَّ؛ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ هَذِهِ الأَحَادِيثَ، ثُمَّ عُدْتُ إِلَيْهِ؛ فَوَجَدْتُهُ قَدْ مَاتَ.
Sha’bah says: Whenever I narrated a hadith from any narrator, I went to him more than once, and from whom I narrated ten ahadith, I went to him more than ten times, and from whom I narrated fifty ahadith, I went to him more than fifty times, and from whom I narrated a hundred ahadith, I went to him more than a hundred times, except that I heard these ahadith from Hayyan al-Kufi, and when I went to him again, he had passed away.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي الأَسْوَدِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ قَال: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ يَقُولُ: شُعْبَةُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ.
Abdur Rahman bin Mahdi says that I heard Sufyan Thawri say: In the field of Hadith, Shu’bah is the Amir al-Mu’minin (leader of the believers).
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِاللَّهِ، قَال: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ يَقُولُ: لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ شُعْبَةَ، وَلا يَعْدِلُهُ أَحَدٌ عِنْدِي، وَإِذَا خَالَفَهُ سُفْيَانُ أَخَذْتُ بِقَوْلِ سُفْيَانَ.
Ali bin Al-Madini says that I heard Yahya bin Saeed Al-Qattan say: "There is no one I like more than Shu’bah; in my view, there is no one equal to him. But when Sufyan Al-Thawri disagrees with him, I accept the statement of Sufyan Al-Thawri."
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: قُلْتُ لِيَحْيَى: أَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَحْفَظَ لِلأَحَادِيثِ الطِّوَالِ سُفْيَانُ أَوْ شُعْبَةُ قَالَ: كَانَ شُعْبَةُ؟ أَمَرَّ فِيهَا.
Ali bin Al-Madini says: I asked Yahya bin Sa'id Al-Qattan, "Who remembers the lengthy hadiths more, Sufyan Al-Thawri or Shu'bah?" He said: "Shu'bah remembered them more."
قَالَ يَحْيَى: وَكَانَ شُعْبَةُ أَعْلَمَ بِالرِّجَالِ فُلانٌ عَنْ فُلانٍ، وَكَانَ سُفْيَانُ صَاحِبَ أَبْوَابٍ.
Yahya al-Qattan says: Shu’bah was the greatest expert scholar in the narrators of hadith, that is, who narrates from whom, and Sufyan al-Thawri was an expert in the chapters of jurisprudence.
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَال: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَالرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ يَقُولُ: الأَئِمَّةُ فِي الأَحَادِيثِ أَرْبَعَةٌ: سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، وَالأَوْزَاعِيُّ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ.
Amr bin Ali Al-Fallas says: I heard Ibn Mahdi say: The Imams of Hadith are four: Sufyan Thawri, Malik bin Anas, Awza'i, and Hammad bin Zaid.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ، قَال سَمِعْتُ وَكِيعًا يَقُولُ: قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: سُفْيَانُ أَحْفَظُ مِنِّي، مَا حَدَّثَنِي سُفْيَانُ عَنْ شَيْخٍ بِشَيْئٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ إِلا وَجَدْتُهُ كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي.
Waki’ says: I heard Shu’bah say: Sufyan Thawri is a greater memorizer of hadith than I am. Whenever Sufyan Thawri narrated a hadith from any shaykh to us, I would ask him about it, and I found it to be exactly as he had narrated it to me.
سَمِعْت إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ مُوسَى الأَنْصَارِيَّ، قَال: سَمِعْتُ مَعْنَ بْنَ عِيسَى الْقَزَّازَ يَقُولُ: كَانَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ يُشَدِّدُ فِي حَدِيثِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْيَائِ وَالتَّائِ وَنَحْوِهِمَا.
Ma'n bin Isa al-Qazzaz says: Malik bin Anas was strict in narrating the hadith of the Messenger, even regarding words like "ya", "ta", etc.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِاللَّهِ بْنِ قُرَيْمٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ قَاضِي الْمَدِينَةِ، قَالَ: مَرَّ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَلَى أَبِي حَازِمٍ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ؛ فَجَازَهُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ: لِمَ لَمْ تَجْلِسْ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَمْ أَجِدْ مَوْضِعًا أَجْلِسُ فِيهِ، وَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ آخُذَ حَدِيثَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا قَائِمٌ.
Qazi of Madinah, Ibrahim bin Abdullah bin Kareem Ansari, says: Imam Malik passed by Abu Hazim while he was sitting. He went ahead, so it was said to him: Why did you not sit? He replied: I did not find a place to sit, so I disliked to listen to the hadith of the Messenger while standing.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: "مَالِكٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ" أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ "سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ".
Yahya bin Saeed Al-Qattan says: "The hadith narrated with the chain of Malik from Saeed bin Al-Musayyib is more preferable to me than (the one narrated by) Sufyan Al-Thawri from Ibrahim Al-Nakha'i."
قَالَ يَحْيَى: مَا فِي الْقَوْمِ أَحَدٌ أَصَحُّ حَدِيثًا مِنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، كَانَ مَالِكٌ إِمَامًا فِي الْحَدِيثِ.
Yahya bin Saeed Al-Qattan says: Among the community of hadith scholars, there is no one with more authentic hadiths than Malik; Malik was the Imam of hadith.
سَمِعْت أَحْمَدَ بْنَ الْحَسَنِ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ بِعَيْنِي مِثْلَ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ.
Ahmad bin Al-Hasan says: I heard Ahmad bin Hanbal say: I have not seen anyone like Yahya bin Sa'id Al-Qattan.
قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بن الحسن : وَسُئِلَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، عَنْ وَكِيعٍ وَعَبْدِالرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ فَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ: وَكِيعٌ أَكْبَرُ فِي الْقَلْبِ، وَعَبْدُالرَّحْمَنِ إِمَامٌ.
Ahmad bin Al-Hasan says: Ahmad bin Hanbal was asked about Waki‘ and ‘Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi, so he said: Waki‘ bin Jarrah is greater in heart (that is, in piety, righteousness, asceticism, worship, and devotion), and ‘Abd al-Rahman bin Mahdi is an Imam.
سَمِعْت مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ نَبْهَانَ بْنِ صَفْوَانَ الثَّقَفِيَّ الْبَصْرِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ يَقُولُ: لَوْ حُلِّفْتُ بَيْنَ الرُّكْنِ وَالْمَقَامِ لَحَلَفْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا أَعْلَمَ مِنْ عَبْدِالرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ.
Ali bin Al-Madini says: If I were made to swear an oath between the Rukn and Maqam Ibrahim, I could swear that I have not seen a greater scholar than Abdur Rahman bin Mahdi.
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: وَالْكَلامُ فِي هَذَا وَالرِّوَايَةُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ تَكْثُرُ، وَإِنَّمَا بَيَّنَّا شَيْئًا مِنْهُ عَلَى الاخْتِصَارِ لِيُسْتَدَلَّ بِهِ عَلَى مَنَازِلِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَتَفَاضُلِ بَعْضِهِمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ فِي الْحِفْظِ وَالإِتْقَانِ، وَمَنْ تُكُلِّمَ فِيهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لأَيِّ شَيْئٍ تُكُلِّمَ فِيهِ.
Imam Tirmidhi says: There is much discussion among the scholars regarding the narrators of hadith, and there are many narrations from the people of knowledge on this subject. We have mentioned some points briefly, so that from this the ranks of the people of knowledge and the differences and distinctions among them in memorization and precision may be deduced, and so that it may be known what are the reasons for which the people of knowledge have spoken about certain narrators.
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: وَالْقِرَائَةُ عَلَى الْعَالِمِ إِذَا كَانَ يَحْفَظُ مَا يُقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ يُمْسِكُ أَصْلَهُ فِيمَا يُقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَحْفَظْ هُوَ صَحِيحٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مِثْلُ السَّمَاعِ.
Imam Tirmidhi says: Reciting hadith to a scholar, if he has memorized the hadiths being recited, or if he has not memorized the hadiths, then the original copy of the book being recited is in his hand, then according to the people of hadith, this is as valid as direct hearing. 1.
حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُالرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى عَطَائِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: كَيْفَ أَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَ: قُلْ: "حَدَّثَنَا".
Ibn Jurayj says: I recited to Ata bin Abi Rabah, then I asked him, "How should I say?" He said: Say, «حدثنا» (the sheikh) narrated this hadith to us.
حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عِصْمَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ: أَنَّ نَفَرًا قَدِمُوا عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الطَّائِفِ بِكِتَابٍ مِنْ كُتُبِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُقَدِّمُ وَيُؤَخِّرُ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي بَلِهْتُ لِهَذِهِ الْمُصِيبَةِ؛ فَاقْرَئُوا عَلَيَّ؛ فَإِنَّ إِقْرَارِي بِهِ كَقِرَائَتِي عَلَيْكُمْ .
Ikrimah says: A group from Ta’if came to Ibn Abbas, and they had with them one of Ibn Abbas’s books. So Ibn Abbas began to read it to them, sometimes reading from the beginning and sometimes from the end, and said: I am unable to bear this difficulty, you read it to me, my acknowledgment is the same as if I were to read it to you.
حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ قَالَ: إِذَا نَاوَلَ الرَّجُلُ كِتَابَهُ آخَرَ فَقَالَ: ارْوِ هَذَا عَنِّي؛ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْوِيَهُ.
Mansur bin Mu'tamir says: When a person hands his book to someone and says, "Narrate this from me," then it is permissible for him to narrate it (this is called «مناولہ» in the terminology of the hadith scholars).
و سَمِعْت مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ يَقُولُ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَاصِمٍ النَّبِيلَ عَنْ حَدِيثٍ فَقَالَ: اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ؛ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ هُوَ فَقَالَ: أَأَنْتَ لا تُجِيزُ الْقِرَائَةَ، وَقَدْ كَانَ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ يُجِيزَانِ الْقِرَائَةَ؟!.
I heard Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari say: I asked Abu Asim Al-Nabeel about a hadith, so he said: Recite it to me. I preferred that he recite it, but he said: Do you not consider recitation (reading to the sheikh) permissible, when Sufyan Al-Thawri and Malik bin Anas considered recitation to the sheikh permissible!
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْجُعْفِيُّ الْمِصْرِيُّ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُاللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ مَا قُلْتُ: "حَدَّثَنَا" فَهُوَ مَا سَمِعْتُ مَعَ النَّاسِ وَمَا قُلْتُ: "حَدَّثَنِي" فَهُوَ مَا سَمِعْتُ وَحْدِي وَمَا قُلْتُ: "أَخْبَرَنَا" فَهُوَ مَا قُرِئَ عَلَى الْعَالِمِ وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ، وَمَا قُلْتُ: "أَخْبَرَنِي" فَهُوَ مَا قَرَأْتُ عَلَى الْعَالِمِ يَعْنِي وَأَنَا وَحْدِي.
Abdullah bin Wahb says: When I use the expression «حدثنا» in narrating hadith, it refers to those ahadith which we heard together with other people, and when I say «حدثنا», it refers to those which are from what I heard alone, and when I say «أخبرنا», it refers to those ahadith which were read before the scholar of hadith, in which I was present, and when I say «اخبرنی», it refers to those narrations which I alone read before the scholar of hadith.
وسَمِعْت أَبَا مُوسَى مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْمُثَنَّى يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، يَقُولُ: "حَدَّثَنَا" وَ "أَخْبَرَنَا" وَاحِد.
Yahya bin Saeed Al-Qattan says: «حدثنا» and «أخبرنا» are both synonymous words.
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي مُصْعَبٍ الْمَدِينِيِّ فَقُرِئَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ حَدِيثِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: كَيْفَ نَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَ: قُلْ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ.
Tirmidhi says: We were with Abu Mus'ab, some of his ahadith were read to him, so I said to him: Which expression should we use when narrating hadith? He said: Say: «حدثنا ابو مصعب» that is, Abu Mus'ab narrated hadith to us.
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: وَقَدْ أَجَازَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ الإِجَازَةَ إِذَا أَجَازَ الْعَالِمُ لأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَرْوِيَ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْوِيَ عَنْهُ.
Imam Tirmidhi says: Some scholars have considered the permission (Ijazah) of Hadith to be permissible; when a scholar of Hadith grants someone permission to narrate any of his Hadith, then it is permissible for the one receiving the permission (Mustajez) to narrate from the one granting the permission (the Sheikh giving Ijazah of Hadith).
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلانَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُدَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ كِتَابًا عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ؛ فَقُلْتُ: أَرْوِيهِ عَنْكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.
Bashir bin Nahik says: I wrote a book from the narration of Abu Hurairah, so I asked him, "May I narrate it from you?" He said, "Yes, narrate it."
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، عَنْ عَوْفٍ الأَعْرَابِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْحَسَنِ: عِنْدِي بَعْضُ حَدِيثِكَ أَرْوِيهِ عَنْكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.
Muhammad bin Ismail Wasti narrated to us, from him Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Wasti narrated, he reports from Awf Al-A’rabi that a man said to Hasan Al-Basri: I have some of your hadiths with me, may I narrate them from you? He said: Yes.
قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ بِمَحْبُوبِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، وَقَدْ حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ الأَئِمَّةِ.
Tirmidhi says: Muhammad bin Al-Hasan is known by the name "Mahbub bin Al-Hasan," and many Imams have narrated from him.
حَدَّثَنَا الْجَارُودُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِاللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ بِكِتَابٍ؛ فَقُلْتُ له: هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِكَ، أَرْوِيهِ عَنْكَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.
Ubaidullah bin Umar says: I came to Zuhri with a book and said to him: These are your hadiths, may I narrate them from you? He said: Yes.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِاللَّهِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: جَاءَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ إِلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بِكِتَابٍ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثُكَ أَرْوِيهِ عَنْكَ؟ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ.
Yahya bin Saeed Al-Qattan says: Ibn Jurayj brought a book to Hisham bin Urwah and said to him, "These are your hadiths; may I narrate them from you?" He said, "Yes."
