Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me one day very happy, the lines of his face shining. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did you not see the physiognomist Mujazziz al-Mudliji? He came to us while Usamah bin Zayd and Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with them both) had a sheet over them, but their feet were uncovered, and he said: 'These feet are from one another.'"
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21253
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me, and his forehead was shining with joy. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did you not hear what the physiognomist said? When he saw Usamah and Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both) sleeping with their feet uncovered, he said: 'These are part of one another.'"
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21254
Urwah narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that a physiognomist came in while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was present, and Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zayd and Sayyiduna Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with them both) were lying down. The physiognomist said that these are part of one another. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) liked this very much, and, being pleased, he (peace and blessings be upon him) also told Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) about it.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21255
Ibrahim bin Sa'd (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) was of reddish-white complexion, and Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him) was like the night, that is, dark.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21256
Urwah bin al-Zubayr narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was extremely pleased by what the physiognomist said. He had found Usamah lying with his father (may Allah be pleased with them both), and he said: These are part of one another. The physiognomist was Mujazziz.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21257
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib said that two men made a claim over a child, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called a physiognomist, who said: Both of them share in him. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him (the child): Take whichever of the two you wish as your guardian.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21258
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib narrates from his father that two men came to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) with a dispute over a child from the Jahiliyyah. One would say: He is my son, and the other would say: He is my son. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for a physiognomist of Banu al-Mustaliq, who looked at the child and said: These two both share in him. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) struck him with a whip and said to the child: Go with whichever of them you wish. So the child went with one of them. Abd al-Rahman said: The child sided with one of them and went off. And Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May Allah destroy the Mustaliqi!
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21261
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave judgement between two men concerning a man whose father was not known, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Follow whichever of them you wish.
This chain is sahih (authentic) and mawsul (connected).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21262
Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Whenever a child from the time of Jahiliyyah was claimed in Islam, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would attach him to the one who claimed him. Sulayman (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Two men were both claiming a woman's child, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called a physiognomist. He looked at the two of them and said: Both of them share in him. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) struck him with a whip and said to the woman: Tell me the true account. She said: This man used to come to me while I was among my family's camels, until he firmly believed that a pregnancy had become established; then he left me, and then I bled. After that, the other one began to come. I do not know from which of the two he is. At that the physiognomist said Allahu Akbar, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Go with whichever of them you wish.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21263
Abdullah bin Ubayd bin Umayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) sold a slave-girl. He used to have intercourse with her, (and sold her) before istibra' (establishing that her womb was clear), and the pregnancy became apparent while she was with the buyer, so the dispute came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called a physiognomist, who looked and attached (the child) to him. In another place (it is reported) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Did you have intercourse with her? He said: Yes. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You sold her before istibra'? He said: Yes. He said: That was not fitting of you. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called the physiognomist.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21264
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that two men shared (intercourse with) a woman in the same period of purity, and she gave birth to a child. They brought the dispute to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He sent for three physiognomists and called for some soil, on which the two men and the boy trod. Then he said to one of them: Look. The physiognomist looked at (the prints) from the front, from the side and from behind, then said: Shall I say it quietly or openly? He said: Say it quietly. He said: The resemblance is with both of them; I do not know whose he is. Then the second looked, and he too said: Shall I say it openly or keep it quiet? He was told: Keep it quiet. (He said:) The resemblance is with both of them, but it cannot be known whose he is. Then the third was told: Look. He looked and asked: Shall I say it openly or keep it quiet? He said: Say it openly. He said: The resemblance is with both of them, but whose he is cannot be told. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said three times: We (too) trace footprints; and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was himself a physiognomist. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the child heir of both of them, and they would be his heirs. Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: (Do you know) who his 'asabah (paternal heirs) are? I said: No. He said: Whichever of the two survives.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21265
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called a physiognomist when two men claimed a woman's child, and the physiognomist said: Both of them share in him. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) assigned him jointly to the two of them. Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Do you know who will inherit from him? He said: The one who dies last.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21266
Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that two men had intercourse with a slave-girl in the same period of purity. She gave birth to a boy, and the matter came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for three physiognomists. They all agreed that the resemblance was with both of them. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also judged by the signs and said: If black, yellow and spotted dogs mount a bitch, (her pups) bear a resemblance to each one. I had never seen this (among people), but now I see it. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the two of them heirs of the child, and the child will be their heir; and he belongs to whichever of them survives.
Both of these narrations are munqati' (broken in their chains).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21267
Humayd narrates from a son of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) fell ill, and he had a doubt about the pregnancy of a slave-girl of his. He said: If I die, call a physiognomist for him.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21269
Musa bin Anas bin Malik narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), that he made a bequest during his illness, and he had doubts about the pregnancy of his slave-girl. He said: "If the need arises, call in the physiognomists (qafah)." He said: Then he recovered from that illness. [Sahih. It has preceded.]
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21270
Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) gave judgement by physiognomy (qiyafah), and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) also used to accept the word of the physiognomist.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الدعوى والبينات / 21271