السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الدعوى والبينات
Book of Claims and Evidence
باب: : الرجل يجيء بشاهدين على رجل بحق فلا يمين عليه مع شاهديه.
A man who brings two witnesses against another for a right owes no oath with his two witnesses
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَا: ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنبأ جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ بِهَا مَالًا وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا} [آل عمران: ٧٧] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا، فَقَالَ: مَا يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ؟ فَحَدَّثْنَاهُ بِمَا قَالَ، فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ، لَفِيَّ نَزَلَتْ، كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ خُصُومَةٌ فِي شَيْءٍ، فَاخْتَصَمْنَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: " شَاهِدَاكَ أَوْ يَمِينُهُ "، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّهُ إِذًا حَلَفَ، وَلَا يُبَالِي، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ لِيَسْتَحِقَّ بِهَا مَالًا وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ "، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ. ⦗٤٤١⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ وَقُتَيْبَةَ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever swears an oath by which he becomes entitled to wealth while he is lying in it will meet Allah while He is angry with him." Then Allah revealed the confirmation of this: "Indeed, those who take a small price in exchange for the covenant of Allah and their oaths" [Surah Al Imran: 77].
Then al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) came out to us and said: What did Abu Abd al-Rahman narrate? We told him what he had narrated. He said: This verse was revealed about me. There was a dispute between me and a man. When we went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The witnesses are your responsibility, or you take an oath from him." I said: He will swear the oath; he does not care. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever seeks to seize wealth by means of an oath while he is lying will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him." Allah revealed the confirmation of this, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse.
Then al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) came out to us and said: What did Abu Abd al-Rahman narrate? We told him what he had narrated. He said: This verse was revealed about me. There was a dispute between me and a man. When we went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The witnesses are your responsibility, or you take an oath from him." I said: He will swear the oath; he does not care. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever seeks to seize wealth by means of an oath while he is lying will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him." Allah revealed the confirmation of this, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ وَائِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَتَاهُ خَصْمَانِ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ هَذَا انْتَزَى عَلَى أَرْضِي فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَهُوَ امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ بْنُ عَابِسٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ، وَخَصْمُهُ رَبِيعَةُ، فَقَالَ: أَرْضِي أَزْرَعُهَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ "؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: " يَمِينُهُ " قَالَ: إِذًا يَذْهَبُ بِهَا، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ "، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ لِيَحْلِفَ قَالَ: " أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالِهِ ظُلْمًا لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ زُهَيْرٍ وَإِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ.
Alqamah bin Wa'il narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Two disputants came, and one of them said: In the time of Jahiliyyah this man seized my land. (The two were) Imru' al-Qays bin Abis and Rabi'ah. He said: It is my land; I cultivate it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you have proof?" He said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The other one will give an oath." He said: He will swear the oath; he does not care. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Now there is nothing for you but the oath." When he went to take the oath, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he has sought to seize wealth unjustly, he will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him."
