السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الدعوى والبينات
Book of Claims and Evidence
باب: : الرجلان يتنازعان المال، وما يتنازعان في يد أحدهما
Two men dispute over property and what they dispute is in the possession of one of them
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قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " فَهُوَ لِلَّذِي فِيُ يَدِهِ مَعَ يَمِينِهِ إِذَا لَمْ تَقُمْ لِوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بَيِّنَةٌ ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Then it (the item) belongs to the one in whose possession it is, with his oath, when no proof (testimony) is established in favour of either of the two."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الضَّبِّيُّ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ، ثنا سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ وَائِلِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى أَرْضٍ كَانَتْ لِي، فَقَالَ الْكِنْدِيُّ: هِيَ أَرْضِي فِيُ يَدِي، أَزْرَعُهَا، لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْحَضْرَمِيِّ: " أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ "؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: " فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ "، قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ فَاجِرٌ لَيْسَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ، ⦗٤٣٠⦘ لَيْسَ يَتَوَرَّعُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ "، فَانْطَلَقَ لِيَحْلِفَ، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالٍ لِيَأْكُلَهُ ظُلْمًا لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ، وَجَمَاعَةٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ.
Alqamah bin Wa'il bin Hujr narrates from his father (Sayyiduna Wa'il bin Hujr (may Allah be pleased with him)) that two men, from Hadramawt and from the tribe of Kindah, came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Hadrami said: O Messenger of Allah, he has seized my land. The Kindi said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it is my land; I cultivate it, and he has no right in it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the Hadrami: "Do you have proof?" He said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then you are entitled to his oath." He said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he is a wicked man; what does he care about an oath? He refrains from nothing. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have only this." The man set off to swear the oath, and when he turned away, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath so that he may consume another's wealth unjustly will meet Allah, Lord of Might, tomorrow, and Allah will be turning away from him."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ، أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَرْضٍ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: هِيَ لِي، وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ: هِيَ لِي حُزْتُهَا وَقَبَضْتُهَا، فَقَالَ فِيهَا: " الْيَمِينُ لِلَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْأَرْضُ "، فَلَمَّا تَفَوَّهَ لِيَحْلِفَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالِ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ "، قَالَ: فَمَنْ تَرَكَهَا؟ قَالَ: " كَانَ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ ".
Adi bin Adi narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: Two men came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a dispute over land. One said: It is mine. The other said: It is mine, because it is in my possession. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The oath is upon the one in whose possession the land is." When he got ready to swear the oath, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath to seize the wealth of a Muslim will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever gives it up, Paradise is for him."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ جَرِيرٍ - هُوَ ابْنُ حَازِمٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَدِيَّ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ الْكِنْدِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ فِي حَلْقَةٍ بِمِنًى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجَاءُ بْنُ حَيْوَةَ وَالْعُرْسُ بْنُ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ أَنَّ امْرَأَ الْقَيْسِ بْنَ عَابِسٍ الْكِنْدِيَّ خَاصَمَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلًا مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ فِي أَرْضٍ، فَسَأَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحَضْرَمِيَّ الْبَيِّنَةَ، فَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ بَيِّنَةٌ، فَقَضَى عَلَى امْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ بِالْيَمِينِ، فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ: أَمْكَنْتَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مِنَ الْيَمِينِ ذَهَبَتْ وَاللهِ أَرْضِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ لِيَقْتَطِعَ بِهَا مَالَ أَخِيهِ لَقِيَ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ "، قَالَ: وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: وَتَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا} [آل عمران: ٧٧] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَمَاذَا لِمَنْ تَرَكَهَا؟ قَالَ: " لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ "، قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُكَ أَنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُهَا.
Adi bin Adi al-Kindi (may Allah have mercy on him) said to his students in Mina: Raja' bin Haywah and al-Urs bin Amirah narrated from Adi bin Amirah al-Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) that Imru' al-Qays bin Abis al-Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) and a man from Hadramawt came with a dispute over land. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the Hadrami for proof, but he had no proof. He (peace and blessings be upon him) placed the oath upon Imru' al-Qays (may Allah be pleased with him), so the Hadrami said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he will take my land by means of the oath. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes the wealth of his Muslim brother by means of a false oath will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection in a state in which Allah is angry with him."
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "Those who exchange their oaths and the covenant of Allah for a small price" [Surah Al Imran: 77]. Imru' al-Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What will the one who gives up this dispute receive? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Paradise." He said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), be my witness that I have given it up.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "Those who exchange their oaths and the covenant of Allah for a small price" [Surah Al Imran: 77]. Imru' al-Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What will the one who gives up this dispute receive? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Paradise." He said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), be my witness that I have given it up.
