السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الأيمان
Book of Oaths
باب: ما جاء في ولد الزنا
Reports on the child born of zina
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطُّوسِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ مُنِيبٍ، ثنا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، أنبأ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ "..
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child born of zina (fornication) is the worst of the three."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو نَصْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْفَقِيهُ بِبُخَارَى ثنا صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ قَالُوا: ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ، زَادَ: قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " لَأَنْ أُمَتِّعَ بِسَوْطٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ وَلَدَ زِنْيَةٍ ".
Suhayl bin Abi Salih (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the like of this, but with some additional words: Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: That I provide a whip (for use) in the path of Allah is dearer to me than that I free a child born of fornication.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ جَابَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَدُ زِنْيَةٍ " وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مَرْفُوعًا.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A child born of fornication will not enter Paradise."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: بَلَغَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " لَأَنْ أُمَتِّعَ بِسَوْطٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا "، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ "، وَ " إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ الْحِيِّ " فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: رَحِمَ اللهُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَسَاءَ سَمْعًا، فَأَسَاءَ إِجَابَةً " لَأَنْ أُمَتِّعَ بِسَوْطٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا " إنَّهَا لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: {فَلَا اقْتَحَمَ الْعَقَبَةَ ⦗١٠٠⦘ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْعَقَبَةُ فَكُّ رَقَبَةٍ} [البلد: ١٢]، قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ: " مَا عِنْدَنَا مَا نُعْتِقُ، إِلَّا أَنَّ أَحَدَنَا لَهُ الْجَارِيَةُ السَّوْدَاءُ تَخْدُمُهُ، وَتَسْعَى عَلَيْهِ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْنَاهُنَّ فَزَنَيْنَ، فَجِئْنَ بِأَولَادٍ فَأَعْتَقْنَاهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَأَنْ أُمَتِّعَ بِسَوْطٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ آمُرَ بِالزِّنَا، ثُمَّ أُعْتِقَ الْوَلَدَ "، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ " فَلَمْ يَكُنِ الْحَدِيثُ عَلَى هَذَا، إِنَّمَا كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ فُلَانٍ؟ "، قِيلَ: " يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّهُ مَعَ مَا بِهِ، وَلَدُ الزِّنَا "، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هُوَ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ "، وَاللهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ {وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [الأنعام: ١٦٤]، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ " إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ الْحِيِّ "، فَلَمْ يَكُنِ الْحَدِيثُ عَلَى هَذَا، وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِدَارِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَدْ مَاتَ، وَأَهْلُهُ يَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: " إِنَّهُمْ لَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيُعَذَّبُ " وَاللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ {لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا} [البقرة: ٢٨٦] ". سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْأَبْرَشُ يَرْوِي مَنَاكِيرَ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ الشَّامِيِّ، وَهُوَ بُرْدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا مُرْسَلًا فِي إِعْتَاقِ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That I provide a whip (for use) in the path of Allah is dearer to me than freeing a child born of fornication." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three, and the dead person is punished because of the weeping of the living." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: May Allah Almighty have mercy on Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him); he did not hear correctly. His (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, "That I provide a whip (for use) in the path of Allah is better than freeing a child born of fornication," he (peace and blessings be upon him) said after the revelation of these verses: "But he has not attempted the steep pass. And what will make you know what the steep pass is? It is the freeing of a neck (a slave)." [Surah al-Balad: 11-13]
It was said: O Messenger of Allah! We have nothing to free, except that one of us has a black slave girl from whom he takes service and the like; what if we ordered them to commit fornication, and freed the children they bore? So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That I provide a whip (for use) in the path of Allah is dearer to me than that I order fornication and then free the child." And as for his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three," the hadith was not like this; rather, there was a hypocrite who used to harm the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Who will relieve me of so-and-so?" It was said: O Messenger of Allah! Besides all that is wrong with him, he is also a child born of fornication. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is the worst of the three." And Allah Almighty says: "No soul will bear the burden of another." [Surah al-An'am: 164] And as for his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying that the dead person is punished because of the weeping of the living, the hadith was not like this; rather, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by the house of a Jew who had died, and his family were weeping over him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is being punished while they are weeping." And Allah Almighty says: "Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity." [Surah al-Baqarah: 286]
(b) A mursal report from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is also transmitted concerning freeing a child born of fornication.
Salamah bin al-Fadl al-Abrash narrates munkar (objectionable) reports.
It was said: O Messenger of Allah! We have nothing to free, except that one of us has a black slave girl from whom he takes service and the like; what if we ordered them to commit fornication, and freed the children they bore? So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That I provide a whip (for use) in the path of Allah is dearer to me than that I order fornication and then free the child." And as for his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three," the hadith was not like this; rather, there was a hypocrite who used to harm the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Who will relieve me of so-and-so?" It was said: O Messenger of Allah! Besides all that is wrong with him, he is also a child born of fornication. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is the worst of the three." And Allah Almighty says: "No soul will bear the burden of another." [Surah al-An'am: 164] And as for his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying that the dead person is punished because of the weeping of the living, the hadith was not like this; rather, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by the house of a Jew who had died, and his family were weeping over him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is being punished while they are weeping." And Allah Almighty says: "Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity." [Surah al-Baqarah: 286]
(b) A mursal report from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is also transmitted concerning freeing a child born of fornication.
Salamah bin al-Fadl al-Abrash narrates munkar (objectionable) reports.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اللَّخْمِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَا: لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ وِزْرِ أَبَوَيْهِ شَيْءٌ {لَا تَزِرُ} [الأنعام: ١٦٤] وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى. رَفَعَهُ بَعْضُ الضُّعَفَاءِ، وَالصَّحِيحُ مَوْقُوفٌ.
Hisham narrates from his father that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said concerning the child born of fornication: Nothing of his parents' burden is upon him: "No soul will bear the burden of another." [Surah Fatir: 18]
Some weak narrators attributed it to the Prophet (marfu'), but the correct view is that it is mawquf (her own saying).
Some weak narrators attributed it to the Prophet (marfu'), but the correct view is that it is mawquf (her own saying).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ السَّلُولِيُّ، ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ إِذَا عَمِلَ بِعَمَلِ أَبَوَيْهِ ".
Muhammad bin Qays narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three when he does the deeds of his parents."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ آدَمَ، ثنا حِبَّانُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ، جَدِّهِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ، إِذَا عَمِلَ بِعَمَلِ أَبَوَيْهِ ". ⦗١٠١⦘ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ ضَعِيفٌ وَمَا قَبْلَهُ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ، وَإِنَّمَا يُرْوَى هَذَا الْكَلَامُ عَلَى الْخَبَرِ مِنْ قَوْلِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ.
Dawud bin Ali narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child born of fornication is the worst of the three, when he does the deeds of his parents."
This chain is weak, and the one before it is not strong; these words are only narrated, as an explanation of the report, as the saying of Sufyan al-Thawri.
This chain is weak, and the one before it is not strong; these words are only narrated, as an explanation of the report, as the saying of Sufyan al-Thawri.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا، فَقَالَ: " هُوَ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ ". قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: " يَعْنِي: إِذَا عَمِلَ بِعَمَلِ وَالِدَيْهِ ".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the child born of fornication, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is the worst of the three." Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: (That is,) when he does the deeds of his parents.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْفَرَّاءُ، أنبأ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أنبأ مُسْلِمٌ الْمُلَائِيُّ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: " وَلَدُ الزِّنَا شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ، لِأَنَّ أَبَوَيْهِ يَتُوبَانِ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The child born of fornication is the worst of the three, because his parents repent.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: " إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ وَلَدُ الزَّانِيَةِ شَرَّ الثَّلَاثَةِ؛ أَنَّ أُمَّهُ قَالَتْ لَهُ: لَسْتَ لِأَبِيكَ الَّذِي تُدْعَى بِهِ، فَقَتَلَهَا، فَسُمِّيَ شَرَّ الثَّلَاثَةِ ".
Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The reason the child born of fornication was named the worst of the three is that his mother said to him: You are not of the father to whom you are attributed. So he killed his mother, and so he was named the worst of the three.
