السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من أراد غزوة فورى بغيرها
One who intended an expedition and concealed it by alluding to another
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ كَعْبٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يُحَدِّثُ حِينَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ: وَلَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُرِيدُ غَزْوَةً يَغْزُوهَا إِلَّا وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهَا. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ.
Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), speaking of when he stayed behind from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), mentioned the hadith and said: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended a campaign, he would indicate another direction; that is, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would use tawriyah (concealing his true intent).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ السَّيَّارِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ، ثنا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَلَّمَا يُرِيدُ غَزْوَةً يَغْزُوهَا إِلَّا وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهَا حَتَّى كَانَتْ غَزْوَةُ تَبُوكَ فَغَزَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَرٍّ شَدِيدٍ، وَاسْتَقْبَلَ سَفَرًا بَعِيدًا وَمَفَازًا، وَاسْتَقْبَلَ عَدُوًّا كَثِيرًا فَجَلَّى لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمْرَهُمْ لِيَتَأَهَّبُوا أُهْبَةَ عَدُوِّهِمْ، وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِوَجْهِهِ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ يُونُسَ نَحْوَ إِسْنَادِ عَقِيلٍ.
Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Rarely did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) intend a campaign without using tawriyah (concealing his true destination). When the occasion of the Battle of Tabuk came, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) faced intense heat, a long journey and a numerous enemy. He (peace and blessings be upon him) made the matter clear to the Muslims so that they could prepare for their enemy, and informed them of the true direction.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا ابْنُ ثَوْرٍ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ غَزْوَةً وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهَا وَكَانَ يَقُولُ: " الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ ".
Abd al-Rahman bin Ka'b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from his father that whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) intended a campaign, he would use tawriyah (concealing his true destination), and he would say: "War is deception."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ بِلَالٍ الْبَزَّازُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ الْمَكِّيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُجْرٍ وَزُهَيْرٍ كُلُّهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "War is deception."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا ⦗٢٥٤⦘ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، قَالَ: هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ سَمَّى الْحَرْبَ خَدْعَةً. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَأَخْرَجَاهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "War is deception."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ثَابِتًا الْبُنَانِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ عِلَاطٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَالًا، وَإِنَّ لِي بِهَا أَهْلًا، وَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ آتِيَهُمْ فَأَنَا فِي حِلٍّ إِنْ أَنَا نِلْتُ مِنْكَ شَيْئًا. فَأَذِنَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا شَاءَ قَالَ: فَأَتَى امْرَأَتَهُ حِينَ قَدِمَ فَقَالَ: اجْمَعِي لِي مَا كَانَ عِنْدَكِ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنْ غَنَائِمِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدِ اسْتُبِيحُوا وَأُصِيبَتْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ. قَالَ: وَفَشَا ذَلِكَ بِمَكَّةَ فَانْقَمَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَأَظْهَرَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَرَحًا وَسُرُورًا، وَبَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَعَقِرَ وَجَعَلَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَقُومَ. قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: فَأَخْبَرَنِي عُثْمَانُ الْجَزَرِيُّ عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ قَالَ: فَأَخَذَ الْعَبَّاسُ ابْنًا لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ قُثَمُ، وَاسْتَلْقَى فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى صَدْرِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ:.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) conquered Khaybar, al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I have wealth and family in Makkah, and I intend to go to them. If I say something (contrary to the facts) about you (in order to get my wealth out from them), do I have permission for that? He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him permission to say whatever he wished. The narrator says: (On reaching Makkah) he came to his wife and said: Gather all your wealth for me, for I want to buy from the booty of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions; their wealth has indeed been put up (for sale). He spread this news throughout Makkah. The Muslims (hearing this, out of grief) hid themselves, and the polytheists showed their joy. This news reached Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him), who (from the shock) did not have the strength to stand up.
Miqsam narrates that Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) took a son of his who was called Qutham, laid him down and placed his hand on his chest (and recited these verses):
"My beloved Qutham is like a noble and great man; my Prophet is the possessor of blessings; whoever seeks to disgrace him is himself disgraced."
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) sent his slave to al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him), (saying): What kind of news have you brought, and what are you saying? Is not Allah's promise better than the news you have brought? The narrator says: Al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the slave: Convey my greetings of peace to Abu al-Fadl (Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)) and tell him to keep some part of the house empty for privacy, for I am coming to him with news that will delight him. The slave came, and when he reached the door of the house he said: O Abu al-Fadl, rejoice! The narrator says: Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) leapt up (with joy), even kissing the slave's forehead, and the slave gave Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) the news that al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) had told him. In his joy, Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) freed the slave. Then al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) (himself) came. He told him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had conquered Khaybar and taken their wealth as booty, that the shares (appointed) by Allah had been applied to their wealth, and that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself and given her the choice either to become his (peace and blessings be upon him) wife after being freed or to return to her family, and she preferred to become his wife after being freed. (Al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) said:) I have only come to take my wealth; my intention was to gather it and take it away. I had asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for permission to say something (to deceive the polytheists). Keep this matter of mine hidden for three days, then speak of it. So his wife gathered the jewellery and goods and gave them to him. After three days had passed, Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the wife of al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked: What has your husband done? She told him that he had left on such-and-such a day, and said: O Abu al-Fadl, may Allah not grieve you; the news that reached you was very hard on us too. He said: Allah has not grieved me; rather, what we wished for has happened. Allah, the Lord of Might, has granted the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) victory at Khaybar, the shares of Allah have been applied in it, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself. If you need your husband, go and join him. She said: My belief about you is that, by Allah, you are truthful. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I am truthful, and the matter is just as I have told you. Then he came to a gathering of Quraysh, who were saying (mockingly): O Abu al-Fadl, may good befall you. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah's grace, only good has befallen me: al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that Allah has conquered Khaybar, the shares of Allah have been applied there, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself. He asked me to keep the matter hidden for three days; he had only come here to take his wealth that was here, and he has taken it and left. Allah, the Lord of Might, removed the grief of the Muslims. The narrator says: Those Muslims who had shut themselves in their houses out of grief came to Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him); he told them (the truth), and the Muslims rejoiced. Allah, the Lord of Might, removed their anger and grief.
Miqsam narrates that Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) took a son of his who was called Qutham, laid him down and placed his hand on his chest (and recited these verses):
"My beloved Qutham is like a noble and great man; my Prophet is the possessor of blessings; whoever seeks to disgrace him is himself disgraced."
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) sent his slave to al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him), (saying): What kind of news have you brought, and what are you saying? Is not Allah's promise better than the news you have brought? The narrator says: Al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the slave: Convey my greetings of peace to Abu al-Fadl (Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)) and tell him to keep some part of the house empty for privacy, for I am coming to him with news that will delight him. The slave came, and when he reached the door of the house he said: O Abu al-Fadl, rejoice! The narrator says: Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) leapt up (with joy), even kissing the slave's forehead, and the slave gave Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) the news that al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) had told him. In his joy, Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) freed the slave. Then al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) (himself) came. He told him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had conquered Khaybar and taken their wealth as booty, that the shares (appointed) by Allah had been applied to their wealth, and that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself and given her the choice either to become his (peace and blessings be upon him) wife after being freed or to return to her family, and she preferred to become his wife after being freed. (Al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) said:) I have only come to take my wealth; my intention was to gather it and take it away. I had asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for permission to say something (to deceive the polytheists). Keep this matter of mine hidden for three days, then speak of it. So his wife gathered the jewellery and goods and gave them to him. After three days had passed, Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the wife of al-Hajjaj (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked: What has your husband done? She told him that he had left on such-and-such a day, and said: O Abu al-Fadl, may Allah not grieve you; the news that reached you was very hard on us too. He said: Allah has not grieved me; rather, what we wished for has happened. Allah, the Lord of Might, has granted the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) victory at Khaybar, the shares of Allah have been applied in it, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself. If you need your husband, go and join him. She said: My belief about you is that, by Allah, you are truthful. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I am truthful, and the matter is just as I have told you. Then he came to a gathering of Quraysh, who were saying (mockingly): O Abu al-Fadl, may good befall you. Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah's grace, only good has befallen me: al-Hajjaj bin Ilat (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that Allah has conquered Khaybar, the shares of Allah have been applied there, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has chosen Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) for himself. He asked me to keep the matter hidden for three days; he had only come here to take his wealth that was here, and he has taken it and left. Allah, the Lord of Might, removed the grief of the Muslims. The narrator says: Those Muslims who had shut themselves in their houses out of grief came to Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him); he told them (the truth), and the Muslims rejoiced. Allah, the Lord of Might, removed their anger and grief.
