السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: ما جاء في نقل الرءوس
Reports on carrying the heads of the slain
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ أَبِي شُجَاعٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ، أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ، وَشُرَحْبِيلَ ابْنَ حَسَنَةَ بَعَثَا عُقْبَةَ بَرِيدًا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِرَأْسِ يَنَاقٍ بِطَرِيقِ الشَّامِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُقْبَةُ: يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَصْنَعُونَ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: أَفَاسْتِنَانٌ بِفَارِسَ وَالرُّومِ؟ لَا يُحْمَلْ إِلِيَّ رَأْسٌ، فَإِنَّمَا يَكْفِي الْكِتَابُ وَالْخَبَرُ.
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As and Sayyiduna Shurahbil bin Hasanah (may Allah be pleased with them both) sent Sayyiduna Uqbah (may Allah be pleased with him) to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) with the head of Yannaq, the patrician of Syria. When the head was brought to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), he disapproved of it. Sayyiduna Uqbah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Khalifah of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), they do this to us. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Are you going to follow the practice of Persia and Rome? No head is to be brought to me; a letter and a report are enough.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي الْحَارِثُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ، يَقُولُ: هَاجَرْنَا عَلَى عَهْدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ إِذْ طَلَعَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ قُدِمَ عَلَيْنَا بِرَأْسِ يَنَاقٍ الْبِطْرِيقِ، وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَنَا بِهِ حَاجَةٌ، إِنَّمَا هَذِهِ سُنَّةُ الْعَجَمِ.
Mu'awiyah bin Hudayj (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We emigrated in the time of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). We were with him when he ascended the pulpit, and after praising and extolling Allah he said: The head of Yannaq the patrician has been brought to us, although we have no need of it; this is the practice of the non-Arabs.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ الْجَزَرِيِّ، أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أُتِيَ بِرَأْسٍ فَقَالَ: بَغَيْتُمْ. قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ⦗٢٢٤⦘ مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي صَاحِبٌ لَنَا، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ: لَمْ يُحْمَلْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأْسٌ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قَطُّ، وَلَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، وَحُمِلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ حُمِلَتْ إِلَيْهِ الرُّءُوسُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ..
Abd al-Karim al-Jazari said that a head was brought to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: You have transgressed.
(b) Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A head was never brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah, not even on the day of Badr. When a head was brought to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), he disliked it. He said: The first person to whom heads were brought was Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both).
(b) Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A head was never brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah, not even on the day of Badr. When a head was brought to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), he disliked it. He said: The first person to whom heads were brought was Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both).
قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَالَّذِي رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، قَالَ: لَقِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَدُوَّ فَقَالَ: " مَنْ جَاءَ بِرَأْسٍ فَلَهُ عَلَى اللهِ مَا تَمَنَّى ". فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلَانِ بِرَأْسٍ فَاخْتَصَمَا فِيهِ، فَقَضَى بِهِ لِأَحَدِهِمَا. أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ. فَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْقَطِعٌ، وَفِيهِ إِنْ ثَبَتَ تَحْرِيضٌ عَلَى قَتْلِ الْعَدُوِّ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ نَقْلُ الرَّأْسِ مِنْ بِلَادِ الشِّرْكِ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْإِسْلَامِ.
Bashir bin Uqbah narrates from Abu Nadrah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) met the enemy and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever brings a head will have whatever he wishes for from Allah." Two men brought a head and disputed over it, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) judged in favour of one of them.
(b) Even if this hadith were established, its purpose is only to urge the killing of the enemy, not to move heads from one place to another.
This hadith is munqati' (its chain is broken).
(b) Even if this hadith were established, its purpose is only to urge the killing of the enemy, not to move heads from one place to another.
This hadith is munqati' (its chain is broken).
