السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العدد
Book of Waiting Periods
باب: ما جاء في أكثر الحمل
Reports on the maximum period of pregnancy
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلَةَ بِنْتِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " مَا تَزِيدُ الْمَرْأَةُ فِي الْحَمْلِ عَلَى سَنَتَيْنِ وَلَا قَدْرَ مَا يَتَحَوَّلُ ظِلُّ عُودِ الْمِغْزَلِ ".
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her): "A woman does not remain pregnant for more than two years, not even by the amount of time it takes the shadow of a spindle's rod to turn."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، نا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ مُسْلِمٍ، يَقُولُ: قُلْتُ لِمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ: إِنِّي حُدِّثْتُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: " لَا تَزِيدُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى حَمْلِهَا عَلَى سَنَتَيْنِ قَدْرَ ظِلِّ الْمِغْزَلِ " فَقَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ مَنْ يَقُولُ هَذَا هَذِهِ جَارَتُنَا امْرَأَةُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ امْرَأَةُ صِدْقٍ وَزَوْجُهَا رَجُلُ صِدْقٍ حَمَلَتْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَبْطُنٍ فِي اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً تَحْمِلُ كُلَّ بَطْنٍ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ.
Al-Walid bin Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him): I have been told from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: A woman does not exceed two years in her pregnancy, even by the length of a spindle's shadow. Malik said: Subhan Allah (Allah is free of all imperfection)! Who says this? Here is our neighbour, the wife of Muhammad bin Ajlan, a truthful woman, and her husband is a truthful man. She was pregnant three times in twelve years, and each pregnancy remained in her womb for four years.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ، ح قَالَ: وَنا عَلِيٌّ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، نا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ شَدَّادِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمُخَرِّمِيُّ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ، نا أَبِي، نا الْمُبَارَكُ بْنُ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: " مَشْهُورٌ عِنْدَنَا امْرَأَةُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ تَحْمِلُ وَتَضَعُ فِي أَرْبَعِ سِنِينَ وَكَانَتْ تُسَمَّى حَامِلَةَ الْفِيلِ ".
Mubarak bin Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It became well known among us that the wife of Muhammad bin Ajlan (may Allah have mercy on him) carried her pregnancy for four years, and she was named "the one pregnant with an elephant".
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، نا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ هُوَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ⦗٧٢٨⦘ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ، يَقُولُ: " قَدْ يَكُونُ الْحَمْلُ سِنِينَ وَأَعْرِفُ مَنْ حَمَلَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَنَتَيْنِ يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ ".
Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) say: A pregnancy may last for years, and I know someone whose mother was pregnant with him for more than two years, meaning Malik bin Anas himself.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ بَطَّةَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الضَّبِّيُّ، ثنا أَبُو أَيُّوبَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الشَّاذَكُونِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ فِي ذِكْرِ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ " أَنَّ أُمَّهُ حَمَلَتْ بِهِ فِي الْبَطْنِ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ هَذَا مَعْنَى كَلَامِهِ ".
Muhammad bin Umar bin Waqid (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) that his mother carried him in her womb for three years; that is, Malik bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) remained in his mother's womb for three years.
أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، ثنا أَبُو شُعَيْبٍ صَالِحُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ الدَّعَّاءُ، حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ غَسَّانَ، ثنا، هَاشِمُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْفَرَّاءُ الْمُجَاشِعِيُّ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا مَالِكُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ يَوْمًا جَالِسٌ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى ادْعُ لِامْرَأَةٍ حُبْلَى مُنْذُ أَرْبَعِ سِنِينَ قَدْ أَصْبَحَتْ فِي كَرْبٍ شَدِيدٍ فَغَضِبَ مَالِكٌ وَأَطْبَقَ الْمُصْحَفَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " مَا يَرَى هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ إِلَّا أَنَّا أَنْبِيَاءُ " ثُمَّ دَعَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " اللهُمَّ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِنْ كَانَ فِي بَطْنِهَا رِيحٌ فَأَخْرِجْهَا عَنْهَا السَّاعَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي بَطْنِهَا جَارِيَةٌ فَأَبْدِلْهَا بِهَا غُلَامًا فَإِنَّكَ تَمْحُو مَا تَشَاءُ وَتُثْبِتُ وَعِنْدَكَ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ " ثُمَّ رَفَعَ مَالِكٌ يَدَهُ وَرَفَعَ النَّاسُ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَجَاءَ الرَّسُولُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ: أَدْرِكِ امْرَأَتَكَ فَذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ فَمَا حَطَّ مَالِكٌ يَدَهُ حَتَّى طَلَعَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ غُلَامٌ جَعْدٌ قَطَطٌ ابْنُ أَرْبَعِ سِنِينَ قَدِ اسْتَوَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ مَا قُطِعَتْ أَسْرَارُهُ.
Hashim bin Yahya al-Farra' al-Mujashi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Once Malik bin Dinar (may Allah have mercy on him) was sitting when suddenly a man came to him and said: O Abu Yahya! Pray for my wife; she has been pregnant for four years and today she is in severe distress. Malik bin Dinar (may Allah have mercy on him) became angry and closed the Mushaf (that is, the Qur'an), then said: These people think that we are prophets. Then he supplicated: "O Allah, if there is wind in this woman's belly, expel it at this very hour; and if there is a girl in her belly, exchange her for a boy, for indeed You erase what You will and confirm what You will, and with You is the Mother of the Book [Surah al-Ra'd: 39]." Then Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) raised his hands and the people raised their hands too, and a messenger came to the man and said: Reach your wife, that is, go to your wife. The man went. Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) had not yet lowered his hands when the man appeared at the door of the mosque carrying on his shoulders a four-year-old boy with short curly hair, whose teeth had already come in evenly and whose umbilical cord had not yet been cut.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نُوحٍ الْجُنْدِيسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، ثنا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَشْيَاخٌ مِنَّا قَالُوا: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي غِبْتُ عَنِ امْرَأَتِي سَنَتَيْنِ فَجِئْتُ وَهِيَ حُبْلَى فَشَاوَرَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ نَاسًا فِي رَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ عَلَيْهَا سَبِيلٌ فَلَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَى مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا سَبِيلٌ فَاتْرُكْهَا حَتَّى تَضَعَ "، فَتَرَكَهَا فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا قَدْ خَرَجَتْ ثَنَايَاهُ فَعَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ الشَّبَهَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ: ابْنِي وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " عَجَزَتِ النِّسَاءُ أَنْ يَلِدْنَ مِثْلَ مُعَاذٍ لَوْلَا مُعَاذٌ لَهَلَكَ عُمَرُ " وَهَذَا إِنْ ثَبَتَ فَفِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَمْلَ يَبْقَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَنَتَيْنِ، وَقَوْلُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي امْرَأَةِ الْمَفْقُودِ تَرَبَّصُ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِنَّمَا قَالَهُ لِبَقَاءِ الْحَمْلِ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abu Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said that one of our elders narrated to him that a man came to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Commander of the Believers! I was away from my wife for two years, and I have come back to find her pregnant. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) consulted the people about stoning her. Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Commander of the Believers! If you have a case against her, you have no case against what is in her womb; leave her until she delivers. So he left her, and she gave birth to a boy whose two front teeth had already come out. The man recognised his own likeness in the child and said: By Allah, this is my son! Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Women are incapable of giving birth to the likes of Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him); had it not been for Mu'adh, Umar would have been ruined. If this is established, it contains evidence that a pregnancy can remain in the womb for longer than two years. And the saying of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) about the woman whose husband goes missing, that she should wait four years, resembles something he may have said because a pregnancy can last four years. And Allah knows best.
