السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الرهن
Book of Pledges
باب: العصير المرهون يصير خمرا فيخرج من الرهن ولا يحل تخليل الخمر بعمل آدمي
Pledged juice that turns into wine leaves the pledge, and it is not lawful to turn wine into vinegar by human action
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا قَبِيصَةُ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ ⦗٦٢⦘ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ تُتَّخَذُ خَلًّا، قَالَ: " لَا " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ قَبِيصَةَ قَالَ: عَنْ أَبِي هُبَيْرَةَ وَأَبُو هُبَيْرَةَ هُوَ يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، وَقَالَ فِي مَتْنِهِ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ تُجْعَلُ خَلًّا، فَكَرِهَهُ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى.
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Can wine be made into vinegar?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." In one narration the wording is: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Can wine be made into vinegar?" and he (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُبَيْرَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَفِي حِجْرِهِ يَتِيمٌ، وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ خَمْرٌ حِينَ حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَصْنَعُهَا خَلًّا؟ قَالَ: " لَا "، قَالَ: فَصَبَّهُ حَتَّى سَالَ بِهِ الْوَادِي وَرَوَاهُ وَكِيعٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ أَيْتَامٍ وَرِثُوا خَمْرًا، قَالَ: " أَهْرِقْهَا " قَالَ: أَفَلَا أَجْعَلُهَا خَلًّا؟ قَالَ: " لَا ".
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that a man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He had orphans in his care, and he had wine with him at the time when wine was made unlawful. He said: "O Messenger of Allah! Shall I turn the wine into vinegar?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." So he poured it out until the valley flowed with it. Imam Waki' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) that he mentioned that Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about wine that orphans had inherited, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pour it away (ahriqha)." He said: "Shall I turn it into vinegar?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: كَانَ فِي حِجْرِ أَبِي يَتَامَى، قَالَ: فَاشْتَرَى خَمْرًا، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ تَحْرِيمُ الْخَمْرِ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: أَجْعَلُهُ خَلًّا؟ قَالَ: " لَا " فَأَهْرَاقَهُ قَوْلُهُ: فِي حِجْرِ أَبِي، يُرِيدُ حِجْرَ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، وَكَانَ زَوْجَ أُمِّهِ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: There were orphans in my father's care. My father bought wine, and when the prohibition of wine was revealed, he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), mentioned this to him and said: Shall I turn it into vinegar? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." So he poured it out. (By "father" is meant Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), because he was the husband of his mother.)
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَهْلٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرَوَيْهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ خَنْبٍ بِبُخَارَا، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ أَبُو جَنَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَهُ مَالُ أَيْتَامٍ، قَالَ: فَكَانَ يَشْتَرِي لَهُمُ الرَّجْعَ وَالْأَنْضَاءَ يُصْلِحُهَا وَيَبِيعُهَا، قَالَ: فَاشْتَرَى خَمْرًا فَجَعَلَهُ فِي الْخَوَابِي، وَإنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَنْزَلَ تَحْرِيمَ الْخَمْرِ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهُ، فَقَالَ: " أَهْرِقْهُ "، ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ، فَقَالَ: " أَهْرِقْهُ "، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ، قَالَ: " أَهْرِقْهُ " فَأَهْرَاقَهُ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: A man had the property of orphans, and he used to buy old and worn-out things for them, repair them and sell them. One day he bought wine and put it in jars; then Allah Almighty revealed the prohibition of wine. He came to the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him about it, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Pour the wine away." Then he asked again, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the same answer. He said again: O Messenger of Allah! This is their only property. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pour it out." So he poured it out.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَسْلَمَ مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أُتِيَ بِالطَّلَا ⦗٦٣⦘ وَهُوَ بِالْجَابِيَةِ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يُطْبَخُ وَهُوَ كَعَقِيدِ الرُّبِّ، فَقَالَ: " إِنَّ فِي هَذَا لَشَرَابًا مَا انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ فَلَا يُشْرَبُ خَلُّ خَمْرٍ أُفْسِدَتْ حَتَّى يُبْدِيَ اللهُ فَسَادَهَا، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَطِيبُ الْخَلُّ، وَلَا بَأْسَ عَلَى امْرِئٍ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ خَلًّا وَجَدَهُ مَعَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُمْ تَعَمَّدُوا إِفْسَادَهَا بَعْدَمَا عَادَتْ خَمْرًا " قَوْلُهُ: أُفْسِدَتْ يَعْنِي: عُولِجَتْ.
It is narrated from Aslam (may Allah have mercy on him), the freed slave of Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), that tila' (thickened cooked grape juice) was brought to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) at al-Jabiyah. In those days it was cooked until it was like thick syrup. He said: This is indeed a (permissible) drink at the stage it has reached. The vinegar of wine that has been spoiled (deliberately) is not to be drunk until Allah Himself makes its spoiling appear; at that point the vinegar becomes good. And there is no harm for a person to buy vinegar he finds with the People of the Book, as long as he does not know that they deliberately spoiled it after it had turned into wine.
His word "spoiled" means: treated (to turn it into vinegar).
His word "spoiled" means: treated (to turn it into vinegar).
