السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: زكاة المعدن ومن قال: المعدن ليس بركاز
The zakah of mines, and those who said a mine is not rikaz
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لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " الْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ " فَفَصَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الذِّكْرِ وَأَضَافَ الْخُمُسَ إِلَى الرِّكَازِ..
Because of this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "The mine (the blood of one who falls into it and dies) is without liability, and in rikaz (buried treasure) there is one-fifth (khums)."
So he (peace and blessings be upon him) distinguished between the two in what he mentioned, and he attributed the khums (one-fifth) to rikaz.
So he (peace and blessings be upon him) distinguished between the two in what he mentioned, and he attributed the khums (one-fifth) to rikaz.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ عُلَمَائِهِمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَطَعَ لِبِلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْمُزَنِيِّ مَعَادِنَ الْقَبَلِيَّةِ وَهِيَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْفَرْعِ فَتِلْكَ الْمَعَادِنُ لَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا الزَّكَاةُ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لَيْسَ هَذَا مِمَّا يُثْبِتُ أَهْلُ الْحَدِيثِ، وَلَوْ ثَبَتُوهُ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِيهِ رِوَايَةٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا إِقْطَاعَهُ فَأَمَّا الزَّكَاةُ فِي الْمَعَادِنِ دُونَ الْخُمُسِ فَلَيْسَتْ مَرْوِيَّةً عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِ. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَالِكٍ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ مَوْصُولًا.
Rabi'ah bin Abi Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from more than one of their scholars that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted Bilal bin al-Harith al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) the mines of al-Qabaliyyah, which are in the direction of al-Fur'; and nothing but zakah is taken from those mines to this day.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is not among what the people of hadith regard as established; and even if they established it, it would contain no narration from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) except his granting of them. As for zakah in mines rather than khums, that is not narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this matter. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is as al-Shafi'i said regarding the narration of Malik; and it has also been narrated from Abd al-Aziz al-Darawardi from Rabi'ah with a connected (mawsul) chain.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is not among what the people of hadith regard as established; and even if they established it, it would contain no narration from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) except his granting of them. As for zakah in mines rather than khums, that is not narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this matter. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is as al-Shafi'i said regarding the narration of Malik; and it has also been narrated from Abd al-Aziz al-Darawardi from Rabi'ah with a connected (mawsul) chain.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، ثنا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، ثنا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ بِلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخَذَ مِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ الْقَبَلِيَّةِ الصَّدَقَةَ وَأَنَّهُ أَقْطَعَ بِلَالَ بْنَ الْحَارِثَ الْعَقِيقَ أَجْمَعَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لِبِلَالٍ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْطَعْكَ إِلَّا لِتَعْمَلَ قَالَ: فَأَقْطَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لِلنَّاسِ الْعَقِيقَ.
Al-Harith bin Bilal bin al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his father that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) collected zakah from the mines of al-Qabaliyyah, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) granted the area of al-Aqiq to Bilal bin al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with him). When (the time of) Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came, he said to Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted you this plot only so that you would work it. Then Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) distributed the plot of al-Aqiq among the people.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ⦗٢٥٧⦘ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ جَعَلَ الْمَعْدِنَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرِّكَازِ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ الْخُمُسُ ثُمَّ عَقَّبَ بِكِتَابٍ آخَرَ فَجَعَلَ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةَ. وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَخَذَ مِنَ الْمَعَادِنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَعَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ قَالَ: جَعَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي الْمَعَادِنِ أَرْبَاعَ الْعُشُورِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ رِكْزَةً فَإِذَا كَانَتْ رِكْزَةً فَفِيهَا الْخُمُسُ.
Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) gave mines the status of rikaz, so khums was taken from them; then he sent another letter after it and prescribed zakah in it.
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Abi Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) took five dirhams out of every two hundred dirhams from mines. Abu al-Zinad (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) prescribed a quarter of a tenth in mines, if it is not buried treasure; and if it is buried treasure, then there is khums in it.
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Abi Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) took five dirhams out of every two hundred dirhams from mines. Abu al-Zinad (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) prescribed a quarter of a tenth in mines, if it is not buried treasure; and if it is buried treasure, then there is khums in it.
