السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: كراهية تأخير العصر
Dislike of delaying Asr
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْبُخَارِيُّ ثنا صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ الْحَافِظُ ثنا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ قَالَا: ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُبَارَكٍ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ يَقُولُ: صَلَّيْنَا مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ خَرَجْنَا حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: فَوَجَدْنَاهُ يُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا عَمِّ مَا هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي صَلَّيْتَ؟ قَالَ: الْعَصْرُ وَهَذِهِ صَلَاةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّتِي كُنَّا نُصَلِّي مَعَهُ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُقَاتِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ.
I heard Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) say: We offered the Zuhr prayer with Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him), then we went out (of the mosque) and came to Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). We saw that he was offering the Asr prayer. I asked: (O uncle!) "Which prayer is this that you are offering at this time?" He said: "This is the Asr prayer, and this is the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) which we used to offer with him."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُقْرِئُ أنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْمَرْثَدِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فِي دَارِهِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ قَالَ: وَدَارُهُ بِجَنْبِ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: ⦗٦٥٢⦘ أَصَلَّيْتُمُ الْعَصْرَ؟ قُلْنَا: إِنَّمَا انْصَرَفْنَا السَّاعَةَ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ قَالَ: فَصَلُّوا الْعَصْرَ قَالَ: فَقُمْنَا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْنَا قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَهَا أَرْبَعًا لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ وَغَيْرِهِ.
Al-Ala bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) said that after finishing the Zuhr prayer he went to the house of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). His house was right next to the mosque. When we came to him, he asked: "Have you prayed Asr?" We said that we had only just finished offering Zuhr. Hearing this he said: "Go and pray Asr." So we stood up and offered the Asr prayer. When we had finished the prayer, Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "That is the prayer of the hypocrite: he sits waiting for the sun until, when it is between the two horns of Satan, he stands up and pecks out four (prostrations), and in it he remembers Allah only a little."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ ذَكَرْنَا تَعْجِيلَ الصَّلَاةِ أَوْ ذَكَرَهَا فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، يَجْلِسُ أَحَدُهُمْ حَتَّى إِذَا اصْفَرَّتِ الشَّمْسُ فَكَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ أَوْ عَلَى قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَهَا أَرْبَعًا لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ".
It is narrated from Al-Ala bin Abd al-Rahman that we came to Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) after Zuhr and he was offering the Asr prayer. When he had finished the prayer, we mentioned offering the prayer early, or he himself raised it, and then he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "That is the prayer of the hypocrites (he said it three times). One of them sits (waiting) until, when the sun turns yellow and it is between the two horns of Satan, or upon the two horns of Satan, he gets up and pecks out four, and in them he remembers Allah only very little."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الدَّقَّاقُ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ الْبَزَّارُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَصْرِيُّ ثنا مُسْلِمٌ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ بُرَيْدَةَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي غَيْمٍ فَقَالَ: بَكِّرُوا بِصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ تَرَكَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَخَالَفَهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ وَمَتْنِهِ.
It is narrated from Abu al-Malih that we were with Sayyiduna Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) on a military expedition. That day the sky was overcast with clouds. He said: Offer the Asr prayer early, for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever abandons the Asr prayer, his deeds are nullified."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ بِنَيْسَابُورَ وَأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ بُرْهَانَ الْغَزَّالُ وَأَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ وَغَيْرِهِمْ بِبَغْدَادَ قَالُوا: أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيُّ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَاجِرِ عَنْ ⦗٦٥٣⦘ بُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَعْضِ غَزَوَاتِهِ فَقَالَ: " بَكِّرُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ فِي يَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ تَرَكَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Buraydah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was on one of his military expeditions, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "On a cloudy day offer the Asr prayer early, for (because of the weather one may not notice the time passing, and) whoever abandons the Asr prayer, his deeds are nullified."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْقَاضِي ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الَّذِي تَفُوتُهُ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ كَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ مَالَهُ وَوَلَدَهُ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who misses the Asr prayer is as though his wealth and children had been snatched from him."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي أنبأ حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطُّوسِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ مُنِيبٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الَّذِي تَفُوتُهُ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ كَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ ".
Salim narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said about the one who misses the Asr prayer that (he is) as though: "his family and his wealth and possessions had been plundered."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ يَقُولُ فِي حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ فَاتَهُ الْعَصْرُ فَكَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ " قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: قُلْتُ لِسُفْيَانَ: فَإِنَّ ابْنَ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ يُسْنِدُهُ عَنْ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ، وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي، وَحَفِظْتُهُ كَمَا أَنَّكَ هَاهُنَا، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَمْرٍو النَّاقِدِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ كَذَلِكَ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مَعْمَرٌ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ.
Uthman bin Sa'id al-Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) speak about the hadith which Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him), he from Salim (may Allah have mercy on him), Salim from his father (may Allah be pleased with them both), and he from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever misses the Asr prayer is as though his family and his wealth and possessions had been plundered."
(b) Ali (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ibn Abi Dhi'b (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates the chain of this hadith from Nawfal bin Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), that he heard it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sufyan then said: "I heard it from him (al-Zuhri), my heart grasped it, and I memorized it, as surely as you are here, as 'from Salim, from his father.'"
(b) Ali (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ibn Abi Dhi'b (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates the chain of this hadith from Nawfal bin Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), that he heard it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sufyan then said: "I heard it from him (al-Zuhri), my heart grasped it, and I memorized it, as surely as you are here, as 'from Salim, from his father.'"
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الدِّيلِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ فَاتَتْهُ الصَّلَاةُ فَكَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ " ⦗٦٥٤⦘ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَتَدْرِي أَيَّةَ صَلَاةٍ هِيَ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ فَكَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ " وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ: قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِسَالِمٍ فَقَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ تَرَكَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ " وَقَدْ رَوَى صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُطِيعِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ يَعْنِي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْفِتَنِ إِلَّا أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَزِيدُ فِيهِ وَمَنِ الصَّلَاةِ صَلَاةُ مَنْ فَاتَتْهُ فَكَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ وَهُوَ مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَالْحَدِيثُ مَحْفُوظٌ عَنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا رَوَاهُ عِرَاكُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، عَنْهُمَا مَعًا نَوْفَلِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ إِمَّا بَلَاغًا أَوْ سَمَاعًا.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Nawfal bin Mu'awiyah al-Dili (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The man who misses the prayer is as though his household and property had been plundered." Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said: O Abu Bakr! Do you know which prayer it is? Then Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It has reached me that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The man who misses the Asr prayer is as though his household and property (wealth and children) had been plundered."
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I mentioned this to Salim (may Allah have mercy on him), and he said: My father narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever abandons the Asr prayer."
The hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) is like this, that is, the narration from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the trials (fitan), except that Abu Bakr added in it: "There is a prayer such that whoever misses it is as though his household and property had been plundered."
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I mentioned this to Salim (may Allah have mercy on him), and he said: My father narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever abandons the Asr prayer."
The hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) is like this, that is, the narration from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the trials (fitan), except that Abu Bakr added in it: "There is a prayer such that whoever misses it is as though his household and property had been plundered."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ وَأَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ بُجَيْدٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنْ صَلِّ الْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ قَدْرَ مَا يَسِيرُ الرَّاكِبُ ثَلَاثَةَ فَرَاسِخَ وَأَنْ صَلِّ الْعَتَمَةَ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ فَإِنْ أَخَّرْتَ فَإِلَى شَطْرِ اللَّيْلِ وَلَا تَكُنْ مِنَ الْغَافِلِينَ " قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ إِنَّ أَهَمَّ أَمَرِكُمْ عِنْدِي الصَّلَاةُ مَنْ حَفِظَهَا أَوْ حَافَظَ عَلَيْهَا حَفِظَ دِينَهُ وَمَنْ ضَيَّعَهَا فَهُوَ لِمَا سِوَاهَا أَضَيْعُ وَكَتَبَ أَنْ صَلُّوا الظُّهْرَ إِذَا كَانَ الْفَيْءُ ذِرَاعًا إِلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَهُ وَالْعَصْرَ، وَالشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ قَدْرَ مَا يَسِيرُ الرَّاكِبُ فَرْسَخَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةً، وَالْمَغْرِبَ إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَالْعِشَاءَ إِذَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ، فَمَنْ نَامَ فَلَا نَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ، فَمَنْ نَامَ فَلَا نَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ، فَمَنْ نَامَ فَلَا نَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ، وَالصُّبْحُ وَالنُّجُومُ بَادِيَةٌ مُشْتَبِكَةٌ فَمَنْ نَامَ فَلَا نَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ ".
Hisham bin Urwah narrates from his father that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him): Pray Asr at a time when the sun is white and bright, and a rider could cover a distance of three farsakhs (before sunset); and pray Isha by a third of the night. If you delay it, then delay it up to half the night, but do not be among the heedless. The narrator said: Malik narrated to us from Nafi', the freed slave of Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to his governors: In my view the most important of all your affairs and duties is the prayer. Whoever guards it has protected his religion, and whoever neglects it will be even more neglectful of everything else. Then he wrote: Offer the Zuhr prayer when the shadow is one cubit, up to when (the shadow of each thing) is equal to it; the time of Asr is when the sun is shining fully white (with enough time left before sunset for a man to cover two or three farsakhs); the time of Maghrib is when the sun sets; and the time of Isha is from the disappearance of the twilight until a third of the night (that is, offer the prayers in these times). Whoever sleeps (before it), may his eye not sleep; he said this three times. And offer the Fajr prayer at a time when the stars are still visible, and whoever sleeps (before it), may his eye not sleep.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ⦗٦٥٥⦘ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ لَاحِقٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي تَمِيمَةُ بِنْتُ سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهَا أَتَتْ عَائِشَةَ فِي نِسْوَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقُلْنَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نَسْأَلُكِ عَنْ مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلَوَاتِ قَالَتْ: اجْلِسْنَ فَجَلَسْنَا فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ السَّاعَةُ الَّتِي تَدْعُونَهَا نِصْفَ النَّهَارِ قَامَتْ فَصَلَّتْ بِنَا وَهِيَ قَائِمَةٌ وَسْطَنَا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَتْ قُلْتُ لَهَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَا نَدْعُو هَذِهِ فِي بِلَادِنَا نِصْفَ النَّهَارِ قَالَتْ: " هَذِهِ صَلَاتُنَا آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ جَلَسْنَا فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ السَّاعَةُ الَّتِي تَدْعُونَهَا بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ صَلَّتْ بِنَا الْعَصْرَ فَقُلْنَا لَهَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّا نَدْعُو هَذِهِ فِي بِلَادِنَا بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ قَالَتْ هَذِهِ صَلَاتُنَا آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّا آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ لَا نُصَلِّي الصَّفْرَاءَ قَالَتْ: ثُمَّ جَلَسْنَا فَلَوْ كَانَ غَيْرَ عَائِشَةَ لَظَنَنَّا أَنَّهَا قَدْ صَلَّتِ الْمَغْرِبَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَجِبَ وَلَكِنْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنْ عَائِشَةَ لَا تُصَلِّي إِلَّا عِنْدَ الْوَقْتِ حِينَ وَجَبَتْ وَجَهَرَتْ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَيْهَا نِسْوَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ فَقَالَتْ: " لَا تَأْذَنِي لَهُنَّ صَوَاحِبِ الْحَمَّامَاتِ ".
It is narrated from Ziyad bin Lahiq: Tamimah bint Salamah told me that she came to Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) together with some women of Kufah. We said: "O Mother of the Believers! We wish to ask you about the times of the prayers." She said: "Sit down." So we sat. When it was midday, Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stood up and led us in prayer, standing in the middle of our row. When we had finished the prayer, I said: "O Mother of the Believers! In our land we call this time midday." She said: "This is the prayer of us, the family of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then we sat again, and when it was mid-afternoon she led us in the Asr prayer. We said: "O Mother of the Believers! In our cities we call this time mid-afternoon." She said: "This is the prayer of us, the family of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and we do not pray after the sun has turned yellow." We sat once more. Had it been anyone other than Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), we would perhaps have been sure that she would lead the Maghrib prayer even before sunset, but we came to know that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) prayed only when the time had come (after sunset), and she recited aloud in Maghrib.
Some women of Syria asked her permission (to come in), and Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Do not give permission to these women of the bathhouses."
Some women of Syria asked her permission (to come in), and Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Do not give permission to these women of the bathhouses."
