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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: الهلال يرى في بلد، ولا يرى في آخر
Chapter: The new moon is seen in one land and not in another
Bayhaqi 8205 — The new moon is seen in one land and not in another
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَرُوزِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَرْمَلَةَ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، أَنَّ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ ⦗٤٢١⦘ بَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بِالشَّامِ، قَالَ: فَقَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَقَضَيْتُ حَاجَتِي، فَاسْتَهَلَّ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنَا بِالشَّامِ، فَرَأَيْتُ الْهِلَالَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ، ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي آخِرَ الشَّهْرِ، فَسَأَلَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الْهِلَالِ، قَالَ: " مَتَى رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلَالَ؟ " قُلْتُ: رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ، قَالَ: " أَنْتَ رَأَيْتُهُ؟ " قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، وَرآهُ النَّاسُ، وَصَامُوا، أَوْ صَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ، فَقَالَ: " لَكِنَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ، فَلَا نَزَالُ نَصُومُ حَتَّى نُكْمِلَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَوْ نَرَاهُ "، فَقُلْتُ: أَوَ لَا نَكْتَفِي بِرُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ: " لَا، هَكَذَا أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى. وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَرَادَ مَا رُوِيَ عَنْهُ فِي قِصَّةٍ أُخْرَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَدَّهُ لِرُؤْيَتِهِ أَوْ تَكْمُلُ الْعِدَّةُ، وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ عِنْدَهُ رُؤْيَتُهُ بِبَلَدٍ آخَرَ بِشَهَادَةِ رَجُلَيْنِ حَتَّى تَكْمُلَ الْعِدَّةُ عَلَى رُؤْيَتِهِ، لِانْفِرَادِ كُرَيْبٍ بِهَذَا الْخَبَرِ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهُ.
Kurayb (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Umm al-Fadl bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) sent him to Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) in Syria. He says: I came to Syria and attended to my need, and the crescent of Ramadan appeared while I was still in Syria. I saw the crescent on the night of Friday. Then I came to Madinah at the end of the month, and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) asked me about the crescent: When did you see the crescent? I said: We saw it on the night of Friday. He said: Did you see it yourself? I said: Yes, and the people saw it and they fasted, or (he said:) Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) fasted. He said: But we saw it on the night of Saturday, so we will keep fasting until we complete thirty days or see it. I said: Is the sighting of Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) not sufficient for you? He said: "No, this is how the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us."
It is possible that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) meant what is narrated from him in another incident, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) extended it until it is sighted or the count is completed; and the sighting in another land had not been established with him through the testimony of two men such that the count would be completed on the basis of that sighting, because Kurayb alone conveyed this report, so he did not accept it.
It is possible that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) meant what is narrated from him in another incident, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) extended it until it is sighted or the count is completed; and the sighting in another land had not been established with him through the testimony of two men such that the count would be completed on the basis of that sighting, because Kurayb alone conveyed this report, so he did not accept it.
