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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الولاء
Book of Wala
باب: : من قال له عليه ولاء.
Chapter: One who said he has clientage over him
Bayhaqi 21468 — One who said he has clientage over him
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ قَالَا: ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، سَمِعَ سِنِينَ أَبَا جَمِيلَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ يَقُولُ: وَجَدْتُ مَنْبُوذًا عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَذَكَرَهُ عَرِيفِي لِعُمَرَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلِيَّ فَدَعَانِي وَالْعَرِيفُ عِنْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي مُقْبِلًا قَالَ: هَذَا؟ عَسَى الْغُوَيْرُ أَبْؤُسًا، قَالَ الْعَرِيفُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِمُتَّهَمٍ، قَالَ: عَلَى مَا أَخَذْتَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: " وَجَدْتُ نَفْسًا مُضَيَّعَةً، فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَأْجُرَنِيَ اللهُ فِيهَا، قَالَ: " هُوَ حُرٌّ وَوَلَاؤُهُ لَكَ، وَعَلَيْنَا رَضَاعُهُ ". أَجَابَ عَنْهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ بِأَنَّهُ: " لَيْسَ مِمَّا يَثْبتُ مِثْلُهُ هُوَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَيْسَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ - يَعْنِي: أَبَا جَمِيلَةَ. ثُمَّ سَاقَ كَلَامَهُ إِلَى أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ جَاءَتْ بِأَنَّ الْوَلَاءَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ، وَأَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ يَعْزُبُ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَلَيْسَ فِي أَحَدٍ وَلَوْ كَانُوا عَدَدًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حُجَّةٌ "..
Sunayn Abu Jamilah narrated to Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him), saying: I found an abandoned child in the time of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). My overseer ('arif) mentioned it to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), so he sent someone to me and summoned me, and the overseer was also there. When he saw me coming, he said: Is this the one? 'Perhaps the little cave holds misfortune' (i.e. perhaps there is something behind this). The overseer said: O Commander of the Believers! He is not under suspicion. He said: Why did you take him? I said: I saw a life being lost, and I hoped that Allah would reward me. He said: He is free, his wala' is yours, and his nursing (upbringing) is our responsibility.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) replied to it that this is not the kind of report that is established, since it comes from a man who is not known, meaning Abu Jamilah. He then carried his argument on to show that the Sunnah is that the wala' belongs to the one who frees, that a hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) may remain hidden from some of his Companions, and that no one's view carries authority against the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), even if they are many.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) replied to it that this is not the kind of report that is established, since it comes from a man who is not known, meaning Abu Jamilah. He then carried his argument on to show that the Sunnah is that the wala' belongs to the one who frees, that a hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) may remain hidden from some of his Companions, and that no one's view carries authority against the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), even if they are many.
