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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العتق
Book of Freeing Slaves
باب: : إثبات استعمال القرعة
Chapter: Establishing the use of drawing lots
Bayhaqi 21402 — Establishing the use of drawing lots
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلَامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ} [آل عمران: 44] وَقَالَ: {وَإِنَّ يُونُسَ لِمَنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ إِذْ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ} [الصافات: 140] فَأَصْلُ الْقُرْعَةِ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي قِصَّةِ الْمُقْتَرِعِينَ عَلَى مَرْيَمَ، وَالْمُقَارِعِينَ يُونُسَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُجْتَمِعَةٌ، وَلَا تَكُونُ الْقُرْعَةُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ إِلَّا بَيْنَ قَوْمٍ مُسْتَوِينَ فِي الْحُجَّةِ. وَبَسَطَ الْكَلَامَ فِيهِ، وَهُوَ مَنْقُولٌ فِي كِتَابِ الْمَبْسُوطِ..
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: 'And you were not with them when they cast their pens (to draw lots) as to which of them would take charge of Maryam, nor were you with them when they disputed.' [Surah Al Imran: 44]
And He said: 'And indeed Yunus (too) was among the messengers, when he fled to the laden ship; then he drew lots and was among the losers.' [Surah al-Saffat: 139-141]
So the basis for drawing lots is found together in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, in the accounts of those who drew lots over Maryam (peace be upon her) and of those who drew lots with Yunus (peace be upon him). And drawing lots, and Allah knows best, takes place only between people who are equal in their claim."
And he spoke on this in detail, and it is transmitted in Kitab al-Mabsut.
And He said: 'And indeed Yunus (too) was among the messengers, when he fled to the laden ship; then he drew lots and was among the losers.' [Surah al-Saffat: 139-141]
So the basis for drawing lots is found together in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, in the accounts of those who drew lots over Maryam (peace be upon her) and of those who drew lots with Yunus (peace be upon him). And drawing lots, and Allah knows best, takes place only between people who are equal in their claim."
And he spoke on this in detail, and it is transmitted in Kitab al-Mabsut.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَصْرٍ اللَّبَّادُ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ طَلْحَةَ، ثنا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ، وَأَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَعَنْ مُرَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنْ نَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَكَرَ التَّفْسِيرَ، وَقَالَ فِي قِصَّةِ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَامُ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَكْتُبُونَ التَّوْرَاةَ إِذَا جَاءُوا إِلَيْهِمْ بِإِنْسَانٍ يُجَرِّبُونَهُ اقْتَرَعُوا عَلَيْهِ، أَيُّهُمْ يَأْخُذُهُ، فَيُعَلِّمُهُ؟ وَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا أَفْضَلَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَكَانَ نَبِيَّهُمْ، وَكَانَتْ أُخْتُ مَرْيَمَ تَحْتَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَتَوْا بِهَا، قَالَ لَهُمْ زَكَرِيَّا: أَنَا أَحَقُّكُمْ بِهَا، تَحْتِي أُخْتُهَا، فَأَبَوْا، فَخَرَجُوا إِلَى نَهْرِ الْأُرْدُنِّ، فَأَلْقَوْا أَقْلَامَهُمُ الَّتِي يَكْتُبُونَ بِهَا، أَيُّهُمْ يَقُومُ قَلَمُهُ فَيَكْفُلَهَا؟ فَجَرَتِ الْأَقْلَامُ، وَقَامَ قَلَمُ زَكَرِيَّا عَلَى قُرْنَتِهِ كَأَنَّهُ فِي طِينٍ، فَأَخَذَ الْجَارِيَةَ..
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates its explanation from the Companions: Concerning the story of Maryam: those people who used to write the Torah, when a person was brought to them, would test him by drawing lots over him to decide who would teach him. Sayyiduna Zakariyya (peace be upon him) was the most virtuous of them and was also a prophet, and the sister of Maryam was married to him. When they brought her, Sayyiduna Zakariyya (peace be upon him) said: "I am more entitled than you, because her sister is married to me." But they still refused, so they went to the River Jordan and cast into the river the pens with which they used to write the Torah, (to decide) who would take charge of her. The pens were carried along by the current, but the pen of Sayyiduna Zakariyya (peace be upon him) stood upright on its tip as though it were in mud, so Sayyiduna Zakariyya (peace be upon him) took the girl.
