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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الدعوى والبينات
Book of Claims and Evidence
باب: أخذ الرجل حقه ممن يمنعه إياه.
Chapter: A man taking his due from one who withholds it from him
Bayhaqi 21305 — A man taking his due from one who withholds
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ، قَالَ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: " لَيْسَ بِثَابِتٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مِنْكُمْ، وَلَوْ كَانَ ثَابِتًا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ حُجَّةٌ عَلَيْنَا، ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْكَلَامَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: إِذَا دَلَّتِ السُّنَّةُ وَإِجْمَاعُ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ ⦗٤٥٨⦘ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الرَّجُلُ حَقَّهُ لِنَفْسِهِ سِرًّا مِنَ الَّذِي هُوَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَدْ دَلَّ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ بِخِيَانَةٍ، الْخِيَانَةُ أَخْذُ مَا لَا يَحِلُّ أَخْذُهُ، فَلَوْ خَانَنِي دِرْهَمًا فَقُلْتُ: قَدِ اسْتَحَلَّ خِيَانَتِي، لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْهُ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ مُكَافَأَةً بِخِيَانَتِهِ لِي، وَكَانَ لِي أَنْ آخُذَ دِرْهَمًا، وَلَا أَكُونَ بِهَذَا خَائِنًا ظَالِمًا كَمَا كُنْتُ خَائِنًا ظَالِمًا بِأَخْذِ تِسْعَةٍ مَعَ دِرْهَمِي، لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَخُنْهَا ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This hadith is not established among your hadith scholars. And even if it were established, it would not be a proof against us. Then, in the course of the discussion, he said: The Sunnah and the consensus of most of the people of knowledge indicate that a man may take his right secretly from the one who owes it to him, so this is evidence that doing so is not betrayal. If I say that he betrayed me of one dirham, then it is not permissible for me to take up to ten dirhams in return for it. However, I may take one dirham, and in that I will not be a betrayer, just as I would become a betrayer by taking 9 dirhams in which he had not betrayed me.
