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13 Jumada I 1448 AH

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Bayhaqi 19968 — Feeding in the expiation for an oath

قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ {فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ} [المائدة: 89] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " يُجْزِئُ فِي كَفَّارَةِ الْيَمِينِ مُدٌّ بِمُدِّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُتِيَ بِعِرْقِ تَمْرٍ، فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُطْعِمَهُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا، وَالْعِرْقُ فِيمَا يُقَدَّرُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا وَذَلِكَ سِتُّونَ مُدًّا لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ مُدٌّ ".
Allah, exalted be His praise, says: "Then its expiation is feeding ten poor persons from the average of what you feed your families" [Surah al-Ma'idah: 89].
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In the expiation for an oath, one mudd (per poor person) by the mudd of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) suffices, because a 'araq (basket) of dates was brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave it to a man and ordered him to feed sixty poor persons with it. The 'araq is estimated at fifteen sa', which makes sixty mudd, one mudd for each poor person."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عُمَرَ عِيسَى بْنُ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الْبَزَّارُ بِالرَّمْلَةِ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ثنا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: " يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ "، قَالَ: " وَيْحَكَ وَمَا ذَلِكَ؟ "، قَالَ: " وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي يَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ "، قَالَ: " فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً "، قَالَ: " مَا أَجِدُ "، قَالَ: " فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ "، قَالَ: " مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ "، قَالَ: " فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا "، قَالَ: " مَا أَجِدُ "، قَالَ: فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعِرْقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا قَالَ: " خُذْهُ، فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ "، قَالَ: " عَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِي؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَحْوَجُ مِنْ أَهْلِي "، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " خُذْهُ، وَاسْتَغْفَرِ اللهَ، وَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ ". قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ الْحَافِظُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْهِقْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذِكْرُهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْحَجِّ، ⦗٩٤⦘ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ فَجَعَلَ تَقْدِيرَ الْعِرْقِ فِي رِوَايَةِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، وَرُوِيَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الصِّيَامِ..
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I am ruined. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you! What happened?" He said: In Ramadan I had intercourse with my wife. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Free a slave." He said: I do not have one. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast two consecutive months." He said: I am not able. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Feed sixty poor persons." He said: I cannot. Then a basket of dates containing fifteen sa' was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it and give it in charity." He said: To people poorer than my family? And he said: There is no one between these two mountains more needy than my family. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled until his molar teeth became visible. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it, seek Allah's forgiveness, and feed it to your family."
Abu al-Hasan al-Daraqutni said: This chain is sahih (authentic).
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19968
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح»

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