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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الأيمان
Book of Oaths
باب: شبهة من زعم أن لا كفارة في اليمين إذا كان حنثها طاعة
Chapter: The argument of one who claims there is no expiation for an oath when breaking it is an act of obedience
Bayhaqi 19857 — The argument of one who claims there is no expiation
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْمَعْرُوفِ الْفَقِيهُ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ بِهَا، أنبأ أَبُو سَهْلٍ بِشْرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ نَصْرِ الْحَذَّاءُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ثنا حَبِيبٌ هُوَ الْمُعَلِّمُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ أَخَوَيْنِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا مِيرَاثٌ، فَسَأَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ الْقِسْمَةَ، فَقَالَ: لَا لَئِنْ عُدْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي الْقِسْمَةَ لَمْ أُكَلِّمْكَ أَبَدًا، وَكُلُّ مَالٍ لِي فِي رِتَاجِ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: إِنَّ الْكَعْبَةَ لَغَنِيَّةٌ عَنْ مَالِكَ فَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ، وَكَلِّمْ أَخَاكَ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " لَا يَمِينَ، وَلَا نَذْرَ فِيمَا يُسْخِطُ الرَّبَّ، وَلَا فِي قَطِيعَةِ الرَّحِمِ، وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يُمْلَكُ "، فَتْوَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالْكَفَّارَةِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالْخَبَرِ لَا يَمِينَ يُؤْمَرُ بِالْمُقَامِ عَلَيْهَا، وَالْمُحَافَظَةِ عَلَى الْبِرِّ فِيهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ لَا أَنَّ الْكَفَّارَةَ لَا تَجِبُ بِالْحِنْثِ فِيهَا وَهَذَا هُوَ الْمُرَادُ أَيْضًا بِمَا.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Two brothers from the Ansar had an inheritance between them. One of them asked the other to divide the inheritance, and the other said: If you ever ask me for the division again, I will never speak to you, and I will spend all my wealth on the building of the Ka'bah. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Ka'bah has no need of your wealth. Give the expiation for your oath and speak to your brother, for I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "There is no oath or vow in what displeases Allah; and in severing ties of kinship and in what one does not own there is no oath either."
Fatwa: The fatwa of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) requiring expiation is evidence that what is meant by "there is no oath" in the report is that, when the oath concerns disobedience, there is no oath which one is ordered to keep and fulfil; it does not mean that expiation is not due upon breaking it.
Fatwa: The fatwa of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) requiring expiation is evidence that what is meant by "there is no oath" in the report is that, when the oath concerns disobedience, there is no oath which one is ordered to keep and fulfil; it does not mean that expiation is not due upon breaking it.
