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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: ترك قتل من لا قتال فيه من الرهبان والكبير وغيرهما
Chapter: Not killing those who take no part in fighting, such as monks, the elderly and others
Bayhaqi 18150 — Not killing those who take no part in fighting, such
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا بَعَثَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ إِلَى الشَّامِ عَلَى رُبْعٍ مِنَ الْأَرْبَاعِ، خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مَعَهُ يُوصِيهِ، وَيَزِيدُ رَاكِبٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يَمْشِي، فَقَالَ يَزِيدُ: يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِمَّا أَنْ تَرْكَبَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أَنْزِلَ. فَقَالَ: " مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَمَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ، إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، يَا يَزِيدُ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَقْدَمُونَ بِلَادًا تُؤْتَوْنَ فِيهَا بِأَصْنَافٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، فَسَمُّوا اللهَ عَلَى أَوَّلِهَا، وَاحْمَدُوهُ عَلَى آخِرِهَا، وَإِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الصَّوَامِعِ فَاتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا حَبَسُوا لَهُ أَنْفُسَهُمْ، وَسَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدِ اتَّخَذَ الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ مَقَاعِدَ - يَعْنِي الشَّمَامِسَةَ - فَاضْرِبُوا تِلْكَ الْأَعْنَاقَ، وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا، وَلَا امْرَأَةً، وَلَا وَلِيدًا، وَلَا تُخْرِبُوا عُمْرَانًا، وَلَا تَقْطَعُوا شَجَرَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ، وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ بَهِيمَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ، وَلَا تَحْرِقُنَّ نَخْلًا، وَلَا تُغَرِّقُنَّهُ، وَلَا تَغْدِرْ، وَلَا تُمَثِّلْ، وَلَا تَجْبُنْ، وَلَا تَغْلُلْ، {وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ إِنَّ اللهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ} [الحديد: ٢٥]، أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللهَ وَأُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ ". ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ.
Salih bin Kaysan (may Allah have mercy on him) says: When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) sent Yazid bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) towards Syria as commander of one of the four divisions, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) walked with him on foot to give him advice, while Yazid bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) was riding. Yazid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O successor of the Messenger! Either you ride, or I will dismount too. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You will not dismount, nor will I ride; I have made the intention of walking in the path of Allah. O Yazid! You will come to lands in which there will be various kinds of food; mention the name of Allah at the beginning and praise Allah at the end, extolling Him. And you will soon find people who have confined themselves in places of worship; leave them alone, and leave alone that for which they have confined themselves. And you will soon find a people on whose heads Satan has made seats for himself (meaning the deacons); strike off their necks. Do not kill any old man, woman or child; do not lay waste any inhabited place; cut trees and animals only for some benefit; do not burn palm trees nor drown them; and do not commit treachery, mutilation, cowardice or theft from the spoils. "So that Allah may know who supports Him and His messengers unseen. Indeed, Allah is Powerful, Mighty." [Surah al-Hadid: 25] 'Astawdi'uka Allah' (I entrust you to Allah), and (convey) my greetings of peace. Then he went back.
