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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: ما على الوالي من أمر الجيش
Chapter: The ruler's responsibilities toward the army
Bayhaqi 17907 — The ruler's responsibilities toward the army
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءٍ، ثنا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي فِرَاسٍ، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَتَى عَلَيَّ زَمَانٌ وَأَنَا أَرَى أَنَّ مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ يُرِيدُ بِهِ اللهَ وَمَا عِنْدَهُ، فَيُخَيَّلُ إِلِيَّ بِأَخَرَةٍ أَنَّ قَوْمًا قَرءُوهُ يُرِيدُونَ بِهِ النَّاسَ وَيُرِيدُونَ بِهِ الدُّنْيَا، أَلَا فَأَرِيدُوا اللهَ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْ، ألَا فَأَرِيدُوا اللهَ بِأَعْمَالِكُمْ، أَلَا إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُكُمْ إِذْ يَتَنَزَّلُ الْوَحْيُ، وَإِذِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا، وَإِذْ نَبَّأَنَا اللهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ، فَقَدِ انْقَطَعَ الْوَحْيُ وَذَهَبَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُكُمْ بِمَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ، أَلَا مَنْ رَأَيْنَا مِنْهُ خَيْرًا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ خَيْرًا وَأَحْبَبْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَمَنْ رَأَيْنَا مِنْهُ شَرًّا ظَنَنَّا بِهِ شَرًّا وَأَبْغَضْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ، سَرَائِرُكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّكُمْ، أَلَا إِنَّمَا أَبْعَثُ عُمَّالِي لِيُعَلِّمُوكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَلِيُعَلِّمُوكُمْ سُنَّتَكُمْ، وَلَا أَبْعَثُهُمْ لِيَضْرِبُوا ظُهُورَكُمْ، وَلَا لِيَأْخُذُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ، أَلَا فَمَنْ رَابَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَرْفَعْهُ إِلِيَّ، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ لَأُقِصَّنَّ مِنْهُ ". فَقَامَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنْ بَعَثْتَ عَامِلًا مِنْ عُمَّالِكَ فَأَدَّبَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ رَعِيَّتِهِ فَضَرَبَهُ إِنَّكَ لَمُقِصُّهُ مِنْهُ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ لَأُقِصَّنَّ مِنْهُ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقِصُّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ، أَلَا لَا تَضْرِبُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَتُذِلُّوهُمْ، وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ فَتُكْفِرُوهُمْ، وَلَا تُجَمِّرُوهُمْ فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ، وَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمُ الْغِيَاضَ فَتُضَيِّعُوهُمْ.
Sayyiduna Abu Firas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I attended Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was addressing the people: "O people! A time passed over me when I saw that people recited the Qur'an seeking the pleasure of Allah and His reward in return. Then lately it has begun to seem to me that some people have recited the Qur'an only to please people and to gain the wealth of the world in return. Beware! Seek the pleasure of Allah through reciting the Qur'an. Beware! Seek to please Allah through your deeds. Beware! We knew you when revelation was descending and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was among us; Allah Almighty had informed us about you. Now revelation has ended and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has passed away, and now we know you only by what I am telling you. Beware! The one in whom we see good, we think well of him and love him; and the one in whom we see evil, we think ill of him and are displeased with him; and your secrets are between Allah and you. Beware! We send governors so that they may teach you the religion and the Sunnah; we do not send them to beat your backs, nor to take your wealth. Beware! If anyone has a complaint about any of these matters, let him bring it to us. By the One in whose hand is the soul of Umar! I will take retribution from him." Then Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: "O Commander of the Believers! If you send a governor and he strikes someone in order to discipline him, will you take retribution from him too?" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Yes! By Allah, I will take retribution from him too. I have seen the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) offering himself for retribution. Beware! Do not beat the Muslims and so humiliate them; do not withhold their rights and so drive them to ingratitude (kufr); do not keep them from going home and so put them to trial; and do not station them in difficult terrain and so bring the Muslims to ruin."
