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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: ما جاء في عذر المستضعفين
Chapter: Reports on the excuse of the oppressed and weak
Bayhaqi 17756 — Reports on the excuse of the oppressed and weak
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: " لَمَّا اجْتَمَعْنَا لِلْهِجْرَةِ اتَّعَدْتُ أَنَا وَعَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَهِشَامُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ، وَقُلْنَا: الْمِيعَادُ بَيْنَنَا التَّنَاضِبُ مِنْ أَضَاةِ بَنِي ⦗٢٤⦘ غِفَارٍ، فَمَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْكُمْ لَمْ يَأْتِهَا فَقَدْ حُبِسَ فَلْيَمْضِ صَاحِبَاهُ، فَأَصْبَحْتُ عِنْدَهُ أَنَا وَعَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ وَحُبِسَ عَنَّا هِشَامٌ وَفُتِنَ فَافْتُتِنَ، بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَكُنَّا نَقُولُ: مَا اللهُ بِقَابِلٍ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ تَوْبَةً، قَوْمٌ عَرَفُوا اللهَ وَآمَنُوا بِهِ، وَصَدَّقُوا رَسُولَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا عَنْ ذَلِكَ لِبَلَاءٍ أَصَابَهُمْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا، وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِمْ: {قُلْ يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللهِ} [الزمر: ٥٣]، إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {مَثْوًى لَلْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ} [الزمر: ٦٠]، قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: فَكَتَبْتُهَا بِيَدِي كِتَابًا، ثُمَّ بَعَثْتُ بِهَا إِلَى هِشَامٍ، فَقَالَ هِشَامُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ: فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتْ عَلَيَّ خَرَجْتُ بِهَا إِلَى ذِي طُوًى، فَجَعَلْتُ أَصْعَدُ بِهَا وَأُصَوِّبُ لِأَفْهَمَهَا، فَقُلْتُ: اللهُمَّ فَهِّمْنِيهَا، وَفَرَقْتُ إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ فِينَا لِمَا كُنَّا نَقُولُ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا، وَيُقَالُ فِينَا، فَرَجَعْتُ فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي فَلَحِقْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقُتِلَ هِشَامٌ شَهِيدًا بِأَجْنَادِينَ فِي وِلَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ".
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When we gathered for the emigration, Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah, Hisham bin al-As and I agreed among ourselves that we would gather early in the morning at al-Tanadub, near Adat Bani Ghifar, and emigrate to Madinah from there; whoever did not reach there in the morning and was held back, his two companions would set out on the journey. He says: Ayyash bin Abi Rabi'ah and I reached that place, and Hisham bin al-As was detained, put to severe torment, and he was overcome by those torments and trials. When we reached Madinah, we used to say: Allah will not accept the repentance of these people, because they are people who recognised Allah, believed in Him and affirmed His messengers, then turned away from it because of the hardships and afflictions of this world. And they used to say (the same) about themselves. So Allah Almighty revealed these verses concerning them: "Say: O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah" [Surah al-Zumar: 53], up to this statement: "Is there not in Hell a residence for the arrogant?" [Surah al-Zumar: 60] - "O Prophet! Tell My servants who have wronged and transgressed against themselves not to despair of the mercy of Allah; indeed Allah Almighty forgives all sins." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I wrote them down with my own hand in a letter and sent it to Hisham. Then Hisham bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When this letter reached me, I took it and went out to Dhu Tuwa, and I kept (reading) it from top to bottom and praying to Allah: "O Allah! Grant me understanding of it." Then I realised that these had been revealed about us, because we used to say (exactly this) about ourselves. He says: After that I returned, mounted my camel and joined the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Eventually Sayyiduna Hisham (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred at Ajnadayn during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and in his army.
