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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الأشربة والحد فيها
Book of Drinks and the Punishment for Them
باب: الأوعية
Chapter: Vessels
Bayhaqi 17479 — Vessels
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جَوْشَنٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ يُنْتَبَذُ لَهُ ⦗٥٣٨⦘ فِي جَرَّةٍ، فَقَدِمَ أَبُو بَرْزَةَ مِنْ غَيْبَةٍ كَانَ غَابَهَا فَنَزَلَ بِمَنْزِلِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مَنْزِلَهُ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي إِنْكَارِ مَا نُبِذَ لَهُ فِي جَرَّةٍ، وَقَوْلِهِ لِامْرَأَتِهِ: وَدِدْتُ أَنَّكِ جَعَلْتِيهِ فِي سِقَاءٍ، وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرَةَ حِينَ جَاءَ قَالَ: قَدْ عَرَفْنَا الَّذِي نُهِينَا عَنْهُ، نُهِينَا عَنِ الدُّبَّاءِ وَالنَّقِيرِ وَالْحَنْتَمِ وَالْمُزَفَّتِ، فَأَمَّا الدُّبَّاءُ فَإِنَّا مَعْشَرَ ثَقِيفٍ بِالطَّائِفِ، كُنَّا نَأْخُذُ الدُّبَّاءَ فَنَخْرِطُ فِيهَا عَنَاقِيدَ الْعِنَبِ، ثُمَّ نَدْفِنُهَا، ثُمَّ نَتْرُكُهَا حَتَّى تَهْدُرَ ثُمَّ تَمُوتُ، وَأَمَّا النَّقِيرُ فَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْيَمَامَةِ كَانُوا يَنْقِرُونَ أَصْلَ النَّخْلَةِ فَيَشْدَخُونَ فِيهِ الرُّطَبَ وَالْبُسْرَ، ثُمَّ يَدَعُونَهُ حَتَّى يَهْدُرَ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ، وَأَمَّا الْحَنْتَمُ فَجِرَارٌ كَانَ يُحْمَلُ إِلَيْنَا فِيهَا الْخَمْرُ، وَأَمَّا الْمُزَفَّتُ فَهِيَ هَذِهِ الْأَوْعِيَةُ الَّتِي فِيهَا هَذَا الزِّفْتُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: كَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، وَقَدْ قَالَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: إِنَّ الْمَعْنَى فِي النَّهْيِ عَنِ الِانْتِبَاذِ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَوْعِيَةِ أَنَّ النَّبِيذَ فِيهَا يَكُونُ أَسْرَعَ إِلَى الْفَسَادِ وَالِاشْتِدَادِ حَتَّى يَصِيرَ مُسْكِرًا، وَهُوَ فِي الْأَسْقِيَةِ أَبْعَدُ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ وَرَدَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ فِي الْأَوْعِيَةِ كُلِّهَا إِذَا لَمْ يَشْرَبُوا مُسْكِرًا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abd al-Rahman bin Jawshan said: Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to have nabidh made in an earthenware jar. Sayyiduna Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) returned from a journey and, before going to his own house, came to the house of Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He narrated the hadith prohibiting earthenware jars and said to his wife: I hope that in future you will make nabidh only in drinking vessels. When Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) came, he said: We know the vessels that were forbidden; he (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade "al-dubba', al-naqir, al-hantam and al-muzaffat." Al-dubba': we, the people of Thaqif, used to remove the seeds of large gourds, put grapes in them and bury them in the ground, and when they began to ferment we would take them out and squeeze them. Al-naqir is the vessel of the people of Yamamah: they would hollow out the root of a date palm, mix fresh and unripe dates in it and leave it until it fermented, then they would crush them. Al-hantam: wine used to be brought to us in such jars. And al-muzaffat refers to pitch-coated vessels. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is how it is reported from Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him), and a group of the people of knowledge hold that these vessels were forbidden because intoxication arises in them quickly, while in other vessels it arises slowly; and there is also a concession for using these vessels when the drink is consumed before intoxication arises.
