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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الحدود
Book of Legal Punishments
باب: شهود الزنا إذا لم يكملوا أربعة
Chapter: Witnesses to zina when they are fewer than four
Bayhaqi 17043 — Witnesses to zina when they are fewer than four
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، أنبأ سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ: أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرَةَ، وَنَافِعَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ كَلَدَةَ، وَشِبْلَ بْنَ مَعْبَدٍ، شَهِدُوا عَلَى الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوْهُ يُولِجُهُ وَيُخْرِجُهُ، وَكَانَ زِيَادٌ رَابِعَهُمْ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَفْسَدَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثَةُ فَشَهِدُوا بِذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ: وَاللهِ لَكَأَنِّي بِأَثَرِ جُدَرِيٍّ فِي فَخِذِهَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ رَأَى زِيَادًا: إِنِّي لَأَرَى غُلَامًا كَيِّسًا لَا يَقُولُ إِلَّا حَقًّا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَكْتُمَنِي شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ ⦗٤٠٩⦘ زِيَادٌ: لَمْ أَرَ مَا قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ، وَلَكِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رِيبَةً، وَسَمِعْتُ نَفَسًا عَالِيًا، قَالَ: فَجَلَدَهُمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَخَلَّى عَنْ زِيَادٍ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مَوْصُولًا، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، أنَّ أَبَا بَكْرَةَ وَزِيَادًا وَنَافِعًا وَشِبْلَ بْنَ مَعْبَدٍ كَانُوا فِي غُرْفَةٍ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ فِي أَسْفَلِ الدَّارِ، فَهَبَّتْ رِيحٌ فَفَتَحَتِ الْبَابَ وَرَفَعَتِ السِّتْرَ، فَإِذَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: قَدِ ابْتُلِينَا، فَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ، قَالَ: فَشَهِدَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ وَنَافِعٌ وَشِبْلٌ، وَقَالَ زِيَادٌ: لَا أَدْرِي نَكَحَهَا أَمْ لَا، فَجَلَدَهُمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا زِيَادًا، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ جَلَدْتُمُونِي؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، قَالَ: فَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ بِاللهِ لَقَدْ فَعَلَ، فَأَرَادَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يَجْلِدَهُ أَيْضًا، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: إِنْ كَانَتْ شَهَادَةُ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ شَهَادَةَ رَجُلَيْنِ فَارْجُمْ صَاحِبَكَ، وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ جَلَدْتُمُوهُ، يَعْنِي لَا يُجْلَدُ ثَانِيًا بِإِعَادَتِهِ الْقَذْفَ.
Qatadah narrates that Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah, Nafi' bin al-Harith and Shibl bin Ma'bad (may Allah be pleased with them) testified against Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) that they had seen him inserting it and withdrawing it. Ziyad was the fourth witness. These three gave their testimony (and one of them said:) I even saw its marks on her thigh. When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) saw Ziyad, he said: "This lad is a good one; he will say nothing but the truth, and he will not hide anything from me either." Ziyad said: "I did not see it in the state these men are describing, but I saw them in a suspicious state, and their breathing was heavy." So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) applied the hadd punishment for false accusation (qadhf) to those three and let Ziyad go.
This narration has also come with a connected chain in these words: the four of them (Abu Bakrah, Ziyad, Nafi' and Shibl) were in an upper room, and Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the lower part of the house. A wind came, which opened the door and lifted the curtain, and they saw Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) between her legs. They said to one another: We have been put to the test. Then he mentioned the whole story. Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah, Nafi' and Shibl testified, and Ziyad said: I do not know whether he had intercourse with her or not. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) flogged all of them except Ziyad. Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Have you not already flogged me? He said: Indeed. He said: Then I testify by Allah that he did it. Sayyiduna Umar wanted to flog him again, but Sayyiduna Ali said: If the testimony of Abu Bakrah counts as the testimony of two men, then stone your companion (al-Mughirah); otherwise, you have already flogged him, meaning that he is not flogged a second time for repeating the accusation.
This narration has also come with a connected chain in these words: the four of them (Abu Bakrah, Ziyad, Nafi' and Shibl) were in an upper room, and Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) was in the lower part of the house. A wind came, which opened the door and lifted the curtain, and they saw Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) between her legs. They said to one another: We have been put to the test. Then he mentioned the whole story. Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah, Nafi' and Shibl testified, and Ziyad said: I do not know whether he had intercourse with her or not. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) flogged all of them except Ziyad. Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Have you not already flogged me? He said: Indeed. He said: Then I testify by Allah that he did it. Sayyiduna Umar wanted to flog him again, but Sayyiduna Ali said: If the testimony of Abu Bakrah counts as the testimony of two men, then stone your companion (al-Mughirah); otherwise, you have already flogged him, meaning that he is not flogged a second time for repeating the accusation.
