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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قتال أهل البغي
Book of Fighting the Rebels
باب: ما جاء في قتال الضرب الأول من أهل الردة بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
Chapter: Reports on fighting the first category of apostates after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)
Bayhaqi 16728 — Reports on fighting the first category of apostates
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي مَنِيعٍ، ثَنَا جَدِّي، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: لَمَّا اسْتَخْلَفَ اللهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَارْتَدَّ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ غَازِيًا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ نَقْعًا مِنْ نَحْوِ الْبَقِيعِ خَافَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَرَجَعَ، وَأَمَّرَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ سَيْفَ اللهِ، وَنَدَبَ مَعَهُ النَّاسَ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَسِيرَ فِي ضَاحِيَةِ مُضَرَ فَيُقَاتِلَ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ مِنْهُمْ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، ثُمَّ يَسِيرَ إِلَى الْيَمَامَةِ فَيُقَاتِلَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابَ، فَسَارَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَقَاتَلَ طُلَيْحَةَ الْكَذَّابَ الْأَسَدِيَّ فَهَزَمَهُ اللهُ، وَكَانَ قَدِ اتَّبَعَهُ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ يَعْنِي الْفَزَارِيَّ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى طُلَيْحَةُ كَثْرَةَ انْهِزَامِ أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ: وَيْلَكُمْ مَا يَهْزِمُكُمْ؟ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ: وَأَنَا أُحَدِّثُكَ مَا يَهْزِمُنَا، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ إِلَّا وَهُوَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَمُوتَ صَاحِبُهُ قَبْلَهُ، وَإِنَّا لَنَلْقَى قَوْمًا كُلُّهُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَمُوتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ، وَكَانَ طُلَيْحَةُ شَدِيدَ الْبَأْسِ فِي الْقِتَالِ، فَقَتَلَ طُلَيْحَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُكَّاشَةَ بْنَ مِحْصَنٍ وَابْنَ أَقْرَمَ، فَلَمَّا غَلَبَ الْحَقُّ طُلَيْحَةَ تَرَجَّلَ، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ ⦗٣٠٥⦘ وَأَهَلَّ بِعُمْرَةٍ، فَرَكِبَ يَسِيرُ فِي النَّاسِ آمِنًّا حَتَّى مَرَّ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ نَفَذَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَقَضَى عُمْرَتَهُ، وَمَضَى خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ قِبَلَ الْيَمَامَةِ حَتَّى دَنَا مِنْ حَيٍّ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ فِيهِمْ مَالِكُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ، وَكَانَ قَدْ صَدَّقَ قَوْمُهُ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمْسَكَ الصَّدَقَةَ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ سَرِيَّةً، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي قَتْلِ مَالِكِ بْنِ نُوَيْرَةَ قَالَ: وَمَضَى خَالِدٌ قِبَلَ الْيَمَامَةِ حَتَّى قَاتَلَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ، فَاسْتَشْهَدَ اللهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ خَالِدٍ أُنَاسًا كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَهَزَمَ اللهُ مُسَيْلِمَةَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، وَقَتَلَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَوْلًى مِنْ مَوَالِي قُرَيْشٍ، يُقَالُ لَهُ: وَحْشِيُّ.
Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) says: When Allah made Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) caliph, and those of the Arabs who apostatised from Islam did so, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) set out on campaign against them. When he reached Naq' in the direction of al-Baqi', he feared for Madinah, so he returned. He appointed Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him), the Sword of Allah, as commander, called on the people to go out with him, and ordered him to march through the outlying lands of Mudar and fight those of them who had apostatised from Islam, and then to march to Yamamah and fight Musaylimah the Liar. So Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) marched and fought Tulayhah al-Asadi the Liar, and Allah defeated him. Uyaynah bin Hisn bin Hudhayfah al-Fazari had followed him. When Tulayhah saw how many of his companions were being routed, he said: "Woe to you! What is defeating you?" A man among them said: "I will tell you what is defeating us: there is not a man among us except that he would love for his companion to die before him, while we are facing a people every one of whom loves to die before his companion." Tulayhah was fierce in battle, and on that day he killed Sayyiduna Ukkashah bin Mihsan and Sayyiduna Ibn Aqram (may Allah be pleased with them both). When the truth overcame Tulayhah, he dismounted, then accepted Islam and entered ihram for Umrah. He rode along among the people in safety until he passed by Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) in Madinah, then went on to Makkah and performed his Umrah. Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) proceeded towards Yamamah until he drew near a settlement of Banu Tamim, among whom was Malik bin Nuwayrah. He had collected the charity (sadaqah) of his people, but when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away he withheld it, so Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) sent a detachment (sariyyah) against him. (The narrator) then mentioned the hadith about the killing of Malik bin Nuwayrah. He said: Sayyiduna Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) proceeded towards Yamamah until he fought Musaylimah the Liar and those of Banu Hanifah who were with him. Allah granted martyrdom to many of Khalid's companions from the Muhajirun and the Ansar, and Allah defeated Musaylimah and those with him. Musaylimah was killed that day by a freed slave of one of the Quraysh, named Sayyiduna Wahshi (may Allah be pleased with him).
