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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قتال أهل البغي
Book of Fighting the Rebels
باب: كيفية البيعة
Chapter: The manner of the pledge of allegiance
Bayhaqi 16563 — The manner of the pledge of allegiance
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أَنْبَأَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، ثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَنَّ حُمَيْدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخْبَرَهُ، أَنَّ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ الرَّهْطَ الَّذِينَ وَلَّاهُمْ عُمَرُ اجْتَمَعُوا فَتَشَاوَرُوا، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ: لَسْتُ بِالَّذِي أُنَافِسُكُمْ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ، وَلَكِنَّكُمْ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ اخْتَرْتُ لَكُمْ مِنْكُمْ، فَجَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، فَلَمَّا وَلَّوْا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ أَمْرَهُمُ انْثَالَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمَالُوا عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى مَا أَرَى أَحَدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ يَتْبَعُ أَحَدًا مِنْ أُولَئِكِ الرَّهْطِ، وَلَا يَطَأُ عَقِبَهُ، فَمَالَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يُشَاوِرُونَهُ وَيُنَاجُونَهُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي أَصْبَحْنَا فِيهَا فَبَايَعْنَا عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ: طَرَقَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بَعْدَ هَجْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَضَرَبَ الْبَابَ فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ، فَقَالَ: أَلَا أَرَاكَ نَائِمًا، فَوَاللهِ مَا اكْتَحَلْتُ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَ بِكَثِيرِ نَوْمٍ، انْطَلِقْ فَادْعُ الزُّبَيْرَ وَسَعْدًا، فَدَعَوْتُهُمَا لَهُ، فَشَاوَرَهُمَا ثُمَّ دَعَانِي، فَقَالَ: ادْعُ لِي عَلِيًّا، فَدَعَوْتُهُ فَنَاجَاهُ حَتَّى ابْهَارَّ اللَّيْلُ، ثُمَّ قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ عَلَى طَمَعٍ، وَقَدْ كَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَخْشَى مِنْ عَلِيٍّ شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ادْعُ لِي عُثْمَانَ، فَنَاجَاهُ طَوِيلًا حَتَّى فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا الْمُؤَذِّنُ بِالصُّبْحِ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى النَّاسُ الصُّبْحَ، وَاجْتَمَعَ أُولَئِكَ الرَّهْطُ عِنْدَ الْمِنْبَرِ فَأَرْسَلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى مَنْ كَانَ حَاضِرًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْأُمَرَاءِ، وَكَانُوا قَدْ وَافَوْا تِلْكَ الْحِجَّةِ مَعَ عُمَرَ، فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا تَشَهَّدَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَقَالَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، يَا عَلِيُّ فَإِنِّي قَدْ نَظَرْتُ فِي أَمْرِ النَّاسِ فَلَمْ أَرَهُمْ يَعْدِلُونَ بِعُثْمَانَ، فَلَا تَجْعَلَنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ سَبِيلًا، وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ عُثْمَانَ وَقَالَ: أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى سُنَّةِ اللهِ، وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ، وَالْخَلِيفَتَيْنِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، فَبَايَعَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ وَأُمَرَاءُ الْأَجْنَادِ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ.
Sayyiduna al-Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The group whom Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had appointed (to choose the caliph) gathered and consulted one another. Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said to them: "I am not one who will compete with you for this matter, but if you wish, I will choose for you one from among you." So they left that to Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him). When they had entrusted their matter to Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him), the people flocked to him and all inclined towards him, until I did not see anyone following any one of that group or treading on his heels. The people turned to Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him), consulting him and speaking to him in private during those nights, until the night after whose morning we pledged allegiance to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him).
Sayyiduna al-Miswar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) came to me after part of the night had passed and knocked on my door, and I woke up. He said: "I see you are asleep! By Allah, I have not had much sleep these three (nights). Go and call Sayyiduna al-Zubayr and Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with them both)." I called them for him, and he consulted them both. Then he called me and said: "Call Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) for me." I called him, and he spoke with him in private until the middle of the night had passed. Then he (Ali) got up from him hopeful (of being chosen), and Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) was somewhat apprehensive about Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he said: "Call Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) for me," and he spoke with him in private for a long time, until the caller to the dawn prayer separated them. When the people had prayed the dawn prayer and that group had gathered at the pulpit, Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for those of the Muhajirun and the Ansar who were present, and sent for the commanders of the armies, who had come to that Hajj with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). When they had gathered, Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) bore witness (to the faith) and said: 'Amma ba'd' (after that): "O Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)! I have looked carefully into the people's matter, and I have not seen them consider anyone equal to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), so do not give (anyone) cause against yourself." Then he took the hand of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "I pledge allegiance to you upon the Sunnah of Allah, the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and (the way of) the two caliphs after him." So Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) pledged allegiance to him, and then the people pledged allegiance to him: the Muhajirun, the Ansar, the commanders of the armies and the Muslims.
Sayyiduna al-Miswar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) came to me after part of the night had passed and knocked on my door, and I woke up. He said: "I see you are asleep! By Allah, I have not had much sleep these three (nights). Go and call Sayyiduna al-Zubayr and Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with them both)." I called them for him, and he consulted them both. Then he called me and said: "Call Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) for me." I called him, and he spoke with him in private until the middle of the night had passed. Then he (Ali) got up from him hopeful (of being chosen), and Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) was somewhat apprehensive about Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Then he said: "Call Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) for me," and he spoke with him in private for a long time, until the caller to the dawn prayer separated them. When the people had prayed the dawn prayer and that group had gathered at the pulpit, Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) sent for those of the Muhajirun and the Ansar who were present, and sent for the commanders of the armies, who had come to that Hajj with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). When they had gathered, Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) bore witness (to the faith) and said: 'Amma ba'd' (after that): "O Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)! I have looked carefully into the people's matter, and I have not seen them consider anyone equal to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), so do not give (anyone) cause against yourself." Then he took the hand of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "I pledge allegiance to you upon the Sunnah of Allah, the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and (the way of) the two caliphs after him." So Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) pledged allegiance to him, and then the people pledged allegiance to him: the Muhajirun, the Ansar, the commanders of the armies and the Muslims.
